不定式用法归纳

1、不定式用法归纳主要用法：1) 主语2) 表语3) 宾语4) 宾补5) 定语6) 状语7) 疑问词 + 不定式8) 不定式复合结构9) 不定式主动表被动10) it 指代不定式11) 不定式时态12) 不定式的省略一. 做主语to see is to believe.it feels good to be out here for a walk. 二. 作表语to see is to believe.my wish is to live peacefully.三. 做宾语i want to make a call.he managed to pass the driving test. 区别：m

2、ar 5, 2011try to do / doing努力做 / 尝试做1stop to do / doing 停下一件事去做另一件事 / 停下正在做的事remember (forget, regret) to do / doing 没有做用 to do; 做过了用 doingmean to do / doing 打算做 / 意味着go on to do / doing 接着做另一件事 / 继续做同一件事四. 做宾补感官动词 / 使役动词 + 宾语 + do （这里免 to 的不定式作宾补）常用的感官动词：see, hear, feel常用的使役动词：have, letthey knew he

3、r very well. they had seen her grow up from childhood.as youve never been here before, ill have someone show you the way. (90 上海）the mother felt herself grow cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield. (2006 上海)五. 作定语用法 1：不定式和被修饰词之间有动宾关系。i dont have a pen to write with.t

4、here is nothing to worry about.ive found a house to live in.h e gave me a chair to sit on.h lit a candle to read by.用法 2：将要发生in the few weeks to come, well have more activities like this.in the classes to follow, hell teach us more grammar.the chinese people are proud of the olympic games to be held

5、 in beijing.用法 3：介词 + which / whom + to dothe poor man has no house in which he can live.2= the poor man has no house in which to live.i want some money with which i can buy a book.= i want some money with which to buy a book.用法 4: 序数词后用不定式。she is always the first to get to school.he is always the l

6、ast to leave the classroom.高考 the last one_ pays the meal. agreed!aarrived barrives cto arrive darriving ( c )六. 做状语(一) 目的状语to realize my dream, i must work hard.to sleep late in the morning, bob turned off the alarm. (2001 春)区别：to, in order to, so as to(二) 结果状语he hurried to the station, only to fin

7、d that the train had gone.he hurried to the booking office, only to be told that the tickets had been sold out. 结论：only to do 常用于结果状语，表示不太好的结果。such as to / so as to 如此以致he is such a foolish man as to believe his wife.he is so foolish as to believe his wife.(三) 原因状语im too happy to meet you.you were s

8、illy not to have locked your car. (2004湖南)we are proud to be young people of china.3(四) 主+ be + adj. + to do本结构常用的形容词：easy, hard, comfortable, heavy, fit, pleasant, good your question is hard to answer.my classmates are easy to get along with.the house is comfortable to live in.the big desk is too h

9、eavy to move.the head teacher is pleasant to work with.the mushroom is good to eat.the river is dangerous to bathe in.结论：本结构中“to do” 和主语在逻辑上有动宾关系。七. 疑问词 + 不定式i dont know what to do.i dont know how to answer the question.how to divide the money will be discussed at the meeting.结论：“疑问词 + 不定式”所构成的短语做主语

10、,宾语等。开阔眼界：ive worked with children before, so i know what to expect in my new job. (2000)the mother didnt know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (2002)its said that in australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it. (2002)八. 不定式复合结构it is +

11、 adj. + for sb to doeasy, hard, difficult, necessary此结构用说明事情的形容词。its hard for him to fulfill the task.it is + adj. + of sb to do4kind, silly, polite, unwise此结构用说明人的形容词。its very kind of you to have helped me.九. 主动表被动用主动形式表被动含义。im to blame. 我该受责备。（to blame 表示被责备）this house is to let. 此房出租。（to let 指被出租

12、）十. 有 it 做形式主语或形式宾语its kind of you to help us. (it 做形式主语)it feels good to be out here for a walk. (it 做形式主语)i find it hard to please everyone. (it 做形式宾语)i think it my duty to do my work well. (it 做形式宾语)i feel it impossible to be happy every day. (it 做形式宾语)十一. 不定式时态一) 一般式: to do ( 主动 ) / to be done (

13、 被动 )1. 表示现在im glad to see you.no one hopes to be punished.2. 表将来r emember to lock the door when you leave.s he was sent abroad to be educated.(二) 完成式: to have done (主动) / to have been done (被动); 表示过去或完成。he is said to have studied abroad, but i dont know which country he studied in.(过去) the book is

14、said to have been translated into english. (完成)(三) 进行式 to be doinghe pretends to be listening carefully.he happened to be watering his garden when i got there.5十二. 不定式的省略不定式的省略：省略 to 后的内容。-will you join me in a walk?- ill be glad to.the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. 常见：have