(英语)高考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)

1、（英语）高考英语阅读理解试题 (有答案和解析 )一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解ana, her husband mario, and their four-year old son antonio just moved to north carolina. they need a temporary place to call home until they get settled into their new surroundings. so, ana figured that she had better start looking for an apartment for them to

2、 stay in.first, ana picked up an apartment book at her local newspaper stand. the apartment book contained listings of all the major apartment complexes in her area.ana started by looking at the prices in the advertisements for apartments in the apartment book. then, she read about the amenities tha

3、t each apartment complex offered. for example, some apartments had a clubhouse, a gym (also called a fitness center), and a pool. after considering prices, amenities, and locations, ana found a few apartment complexes that she liked.ana called the apartment complexes. she set up appointments with th

4、e apartment managers to see the apartments she found interesting. ana made five phone calls, total. ill see you then, she said to the fifth apartment manager, and hung up the phone.when mario got home (to the hotel in which they were staying) from work, ana showed him the list of apartments. these l

5、ook good, he said.mommy, let me see, said antonio, whom mario had just brought home from childcare. ana showed antonio the pictures of the apartments.the next day, while mario was at work and antonio was at childcare, ana visited the apartment complexes. after visiting all five, she found that she l

6、iked the fifth one the best. it was near a good school system for her son, and it was near her and her husbands workplace. she went home and discussed it with her husband, and they decided that they wanted to rent the apartment. the next day, they called the manager of the apartment complex and told

7、 him that they would like the apartment.the manager asked them to sign a rental contract and pay a security deposit so that if any damage was done to the apartment while they were in it, the security deposit would pay for it. they signed the rental contract and paid the security deposit.finally, the

8、y had a place to stay.（1）which of the following is not an amenity?a. clubhouse.b. fitness center.c. pool.d. high ceilings.（2）what did ana consider while looking through the apartment book?a. prices.b. amenities.c. locations.d. all of the above.（3）why is the security deposit needed when people rent a

9、 house?a.because it ensures that a renter will pay the rent on time.b. because it ensures that a renter will not have pets on the property.c. because it ensures that any damage done to the apartment will be paid for by the renter. d.because it ensures that any damage done to the apartment is kept to

10、 a minimum.（4）what do we know about ana?a. she was a smart and organized wife.b. she signed the rental contract on her own.c. she bought a home for her family in carolina.d. her husband worked in a hotel.【答案】 （1）d（2） d（3） c（4） a【解析】 【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了安娜一家搬到北卡罗来纳州后，安娜租房子 的故事。（ 1 ）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“then, s

11、he read about the amenities that eachapartment complex offered. for example, some apartments had a clubhouse, a gym (also called afitness center), and a pool.”可知，俱乐部，健身中心，游泳池都为便利设施，而 ceilings 在文中未提及。故选 d。high（2） 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“after considering prices, amenities, and locations, ana found a few apart

12、ment complexes that she liked.” 可知，安娜在翻阅出售公寓的小册子时考虑 了价格、便利设施和位置。故选 d。（3） 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“the manager asked them to sign a rental contract and pay a security deposit so that if any damage was done to the apartment while they were in it, the security deposit would pay for it.”可知，租赁人住的公寓有任何损坏，就会用押金来支

13、付，对公寓造成的任何损害都将由租赁人赔偿。故选 c。（4） 考查推理判断。纵观全文可知安娜租房时，选择房子，考虑一系列价格、便利设施 和位置，并且参观了所有五家公寓大楼，最后租下了一间公寓，可以推断出她是个聪明、 有条理的 妻子。故选 a。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需 要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解who could have imagined that a treadmill( 跑步机)on wheels would one day become a thing? lopifit is an unu

14、sual means of transportation that allows you to power an electric bicycle by walking on a treadmill.lopifit founder bruin bergmeester says it all started when he asked himself the question. how can i use a treadmill outdoors? he eventually came up with a design, to which he added an electric engine,

15、 and lopifit was born. the treadmill bicycle is similar to a typical electric bicycle in that the motor only works when the rider puts power in as well. the lopifit senses it when you walk on the treadmill and uses the motor to turn a drive chain at the back part of the treadmill,helping you reach a

16、 top speed of 17 miles per hour.to use the lopifit, simply turn on the battery and use your feet to slide the treadmill backwards and activate ( 激活) the motor. then get on and enjoy the ride! if you need speed, just walk on the treadmill, and if you want to coast, all you have to do is stay still an

17、d admire the view. to stop, you have two hand brakes available.the lopifit first hit the streets in 2014 and, unsurprisingly, became an instant hit. that was actually quite challenging for the company, because it started get inquiries and calls for orders, but it was nowhere near ready for mass prod

18、uction. the unique treadmill bicycle became available this year, and lopifit is struggling to keep up with demand, despite the high price tag of $ 2,115.but despite having a very loyal fan-base of so-called lopifitters, the creative means of transportation also has naysayers who simply consider the

19、invention stupid and unnecessary. they basically believe that if youre going to walk, you might as well do it the old-fashioned way. but the lopifit does have the unique advantage of helping you walk really fast without breaking a sweat, or walking at cycling speed, if you will.（1）with the help of l

20、opifit, you can _.a. cycle to work by walking b. offer power to any bicyclec. create a treadmill on wheels d. answer some hard questions（2）from the second paragraph, we can learn _.a. how lopifit was created b. where lopifit can be usedc. who lopifit is intended for d. which design is suitable for l

21、opifit（3）what can be learned from the fourth paragraph?a. lopifit was cheap and available in 2014. b. lopifit always broke down on the streets.c. it was hard for the company to design lopifit. d. the supply of lopifit failed to meet the demand.（4）how do the public react to lopifit?a. positively. b.

22、variously. c. angrily. d. cautiously.【答案】 （1）a（2） a（3） d（4） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了 bruin 从跑步机上获得灵感，发明 了一款 “走路自行车” ，在这款自行车上不需要跑步，走路就行的自行车 lopifit。lopifit 非常受欢迎，供不应求。(1) 细节理解题。由第一段 lopifit is an unusual means of transportation that allows you to power an electric bicycle by walking on a treadmill.

23、 可知，在 lopifit 的帮助下，你可以走路去 工作，选 a。(2) 推理判断题。由第二段 lopifit founder bruin bergmeester says it all started when he asked himself the question 可知，这一段主要讲了“走路自行车”是如何被发明的，选 a。(3) 推理判断题。由第四段 the unique treadmill bicycle became available this year, and lopifit isstruggling to keep up with demand, despite the h

24、igh price tag of $ 2,115.可知，从第四段，我们 可以推断出这款自行车供不应求，选 d。(4)推理判断题。由最后一段 but despite having a very loyal fan- base of so-called lopifitters, the creative means of transportation also has naysayers who simply consider the invention stupid and unnecessary. 可知，这款自行车有许多忠实的粉丝，但是也有许多摇头党，所以可以推 断出人们对于这款自行车持各种各

25、样的态度，选 b。【点评】细节理解题：考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等 议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。 当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问 题。1.事实细节题寻读法分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用 who, what, which, when, where, why 和 how 提 问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。2. 排列顺序题首尾定位法（找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围）常出 现在记叙文和说明文中，一般按事件发生的顺序。3. 图文

26、匹配题按图索骥理清线索：设题形式：给出图表，根据图表提问问题。4. 数字计算题（方法：审题 带着问题找细节 对比、分析、计算）可直接找到相关细 节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。3阅读理解average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. if you were born after 1978, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,400 plastic bottles on this planet. the

27、se bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, never to completely disappear. most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifetime greatly.the plastic bottle village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plas

28、tic. its a community in panama that is going to be made of used bottles. the design process begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. once this step is complete, and electrical and plumbing ( 管道装置) lines are put inside, the plastic walls are covered by concreteboth

29、 inside and outside. so no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. besides, the material will keep the house 17c cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside.the village is the brainchild ( 主意) of robert bezeau with the intention of sett

30、ing up several environmental projects. having started a recycling program four years ago, during which a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think of how they could be put to use. soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construct

31、ion process.the project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment. the village will also create an education center that will teach individuals from the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for sh

32、elter.recycled bottles could neutralize the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leaving only your “footprints”.（1）what does paragraph 1 intend to tell us?a. the reason for buying fewer drinks. b. the difficult situation of wildlife.c. the amount of plastic waste. d. th

33、e seriousness of plastic pollution.（2）what is the biggest benefit to people living in the plastic bottle village?a. the house will be much cooler than normal ones. b. the material of construction will be reduced a lot.c. the newly-made house can save a lot of electricity. d. the waste of the house c

34、an be consumed by fish and birds.（3）which of the following words can best describe robert?a. creative. b. courageous. c. enthusiastic. d. sensitive.（4）the main purpose of roberts projects is toa. provide shelter for locals b. reuse all deserted plastic bottlesc. popularize the use of plastic bottles

35、 d. raise peoples environmental awareness【答案】（1）d（2） a（3） a（4） d【解析】 【分析】考查环保类文章。一个人一生中会留下许多塑料瓶子，这些瓶子要花上 百年才能分解成碎片，而且永远不会完全消失，给地球留下太多的污染。于是 robert 想出 了用这此塑料瓶子建成房子，这种材料房子的室内温度相对凉爽，这对于环境来说更加环 保。（1） 考查推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，一个人一生中会留下许多塑料瓶子，这些瓶 子要花上百年才能分解成碎片，而且永远不会完全消失。大部分的废物被鱼和鸟所消耗， 大大缩短了它们的寿命。由此可推测出这些塑料瓶子对地球

36、的污染有多严重。故答案选 d。（2） 考查细节理解中的一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。 根据第 二段最后一句“the material will keep the house 17c cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside.” 可知，这种材料可以使房子的温度比室外低 17，这对 居住在室内的人来说是最大的好处。故答案 a。（3） 考查推理判断题。根据全文可知这地球上的塑料瓶子要花上百年才能分解成碎片，而 且永远不会完全消失，给地球留下太多的污染。于是 rober

37、t 的项目就是用这些塑料瓶建成 房子，这种材料房子的室内温度相对凉爽，不仅让利用废物，还环保了地球。可说是一个 有创意性的项目，即 robert 是一个有创造性的人。故答案选 a。（4） 考查推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“the project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they c an do more to protect the environment. ” 可 知项目希望人们意识到这些瓶子造成的浪费，以便他们能做更多来保护环境，以此提高人 们保护环境的意

38、识。故答案选 d。【点评】细节判断题定位法。通过定位词寻找出题点 定位词和主题句是英语阅读理解解题方法的最重要的两个要素，前者适用于解答细节理解题，后者用于解答主旨大意题。 通过定位词解题，就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划 记出来，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。4阅读理解we all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity( 湿度)and nutrien

39、t availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide said researchers from the national university of singapore.45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. the researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitat

40、s, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for shrinking creatures. we do not yet know the mechanisms(机制)involved, or why some organism are getting smaller while others are unaffected, the researchers said. until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we cant yet q

41、uantify.the change is big in cold-blooded animals. only two decades of warmer temperatures are enough to make retiles (爬行动物)smaller. an increase of only 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism( 新陈代谢). greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards.

42、fish are smaller now too. though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growing.warm-blooded animals arent immune( 免除)from the size change caused by climate change. many birds are now smaller. soay sheep are thinner. red deer are w

43、eaken and polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records.this is not the first time this has happened in earths history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. tha

44、t event happened over a longer time than the current climate change.the speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future. （1）what does the text mainly talk about?a. why s

45、ome species become smaller. b. how climate changes in earths history?c. climate change has many negative effects. d. species are becoming smaller as climate gets warmer.（2）the underlined word trumped m the first paragraph probably mean_.a. strengthened b. gained c. beaten d. equaled（3）researchers fr

46、om the national university of singapore believe that_.a. they have found the exact causes for creatures getting smaller b. all the animals on the earth have become smallerc. climate change has more negative effects on warm-blooded animals d. increase in energy use can lead to creatures getting small

47、er（4）what does the author feel about the climate change?a. disappointed b. optimistic c. worried d. shameful【答案】（1）d（2） c（3） d（4） c【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象， 气候变化已对浮游生物产生了有害影响，人类需要尽快采取措施。（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“we all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in

48、the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(湿度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide”可知科学家 原来以为二氧化碳的增加会导致物种变大，但是气候的变化让物种反而变小。故选 d。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“we all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosph

49、ere, but changes in temperature, humidity(湿度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide” 可知科学家 原来以为二氧化碳的增加会导致物种变大，但是气候的变化让物种变小。可知气候的变化 打败了二氧化碳带来的影响。故“beat”与该词同义。选 c。（3） 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards.”可知

50、大量使用的能源导致物种体型变小。故选 d。（4） 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“the speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future.” 可知作者担心现代气候变化的速度太快导致有机 体无法迅速做出回应。可知作者对气候变化很担心。故选 c。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断

51、和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一 篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行 分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解finding true love can be prey tough for a lot of people, but a lady from a fairly well-known san francisco advertising agency seems to think money helps. she is offering $10,000 to any of her friends who can introduce

52、her to her mr. right. she wants to find her future husband through this way.the unnamed husband seeker who sent out the email had just finished reading the best-selling book named lean in. it was 11 p.m. on a sunday night and she realized this was the second self- help book she had read in the month

53、. she was still single. things were not looking fine, but there was hope for her still. if the book had taught her anything, it was that she needed to take a more positive role in finding love. after all, if she wanted to get a better job, she wouldnt just sit outside an employers building and wait

54、for someone to offer it to her, so why should finding a husband be any different? but instead of going out and meeting new people she decided to write an email to all her friends, offering to give them $10,000 on her wedding day if any of them managed to introduce her to her future husband.“i am wri

55、ting you today because ive decided to make an aggressive action plan on finding the man that i get to hang out with forever,” the woman writes in her email. “introducing me to my husband is just not high on your to- do list. but i think i have an idea that might change that” you guessed it, and this

56、 is where she offersto reward her “closest friends” with cold hard cash.“i will personally give ten thousand dollars to the friend who introduces me to my husband.” here is how the program works:step 1: you set me up on a date with a man.step 2: i marry that man.step 3: i give you $10,000 on my wedd

57、ing day.i know youre thinking that this is nuts. just plain crazy. you can find a husband without giving $10,000. well for starters, thank you! im happy.”（1）what does the lady offer $10,000 to any of her friends for?a. celebrating the fact that she has made a decision to find a husband. b. checking

58、the power of money among her circle of friends.c. encouraging her friends to help find her mr. right. d. sharing her happiness of having found true love.（2）what does the underlined word “nuts” mean in the last paragraph?a. delicious b. sensible c. angry d. foolish（3）whats the purpose of the authors mentioning getting a better job in paragraph 2? a. to stress the importance of finding a good job. b. to stress the importance of taking a