并列连词和从属连词

1、实用文档一、并列连词 ：一）常见的 表示语义延伸 的并列连词有：1. andJustice is on your side.And justice will triumph overinjustice. 正义在你们一边， 而 正义是会战胜非正义的2. neither. norShe could neither speak the languagenor write it. 这种语言她 既不 会说， 也不 会写。3. both. andA man should have both courage and perseverance. 一个 人既 要有勇气 又要有毅力。4. not only. bu

2、t alsoWe should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 们不仅 要大胆， 而且要谨慎。实用文档5. as well asI have read one of his novelsas well as a few of hisplays. 我读过他的一本小说 和 几个剧本。二）表示 选择 的并列连词有：1. orYou may do it yourself,or ask someone else to do it.你可以自己做 或者 让别人做。2. either. orI left iteither on the table or in t

3、he drawer. 我 不是把它放在桌子上了， 就是 放在抽屉里了。除了表示选择外， or 和 either. or还可以 表示否定的条件：1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the实用文档party. 我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。2) Youll either behave yourself, or youll never goout with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出 去。三) 表示 转折或对比 的并列连词有：1. butHe tried hardbut he was unsuccessful.

4、他做了很大努力但没有成功。2. yetThe car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这 辆车子很旧， 但 仍处于良好的状态。3. howeverhowever, and tried toShe felt ill. She went to work, concentrate. 她病了。 然而 她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中实用文档精神工作。四）表示 因果关系 的并列连词有： 因果：原因和结果1. forYoud better put on your sweater,for its rather coldoutside. 你最好把毛衣穿上， 因

5、为 外边相当冷。2. soMy sister is expecting me，so I must be off now.姐在等我， 因此 我得走了。二、从属连词：从属连词是用来引导从句的。一）引导 时间状语从句 的从属连词有：1. whenThere was prolonged applausewhen he began to speak.他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。实用文档2. whileWe should strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打 铁。3. asAs (When) he entered, the hall burst into thun

6、derous applause. 当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。4. afterAfter I visit Shanghai Ill travel up the Yangtze.访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。5. beforeIt would be months before he was fit for the work. 要 过好几个月他才能适应工作。6. since实用文档It is just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这里 才一个星期。7. until (till)I shall stay here until (till) Ive comp

7、leted my studies. 我要在这里待到学习结束为止。8. as soon asAs soon as he got well, he went back to work.他病一好就回去上班了。9. onceOnce he said that, I knew he was lying.他一说这话我就知道他在撒谎。二) 引导 原因状语从句 的从属连词有：1. because实用文档He failed because he was too careless.因为 他太粗心，所以失败了。2. asAs it was already rather dark, we decided to sto

8、p atthe temple for the night.因为 已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。3. sinceSince (原因 ) you dont want to go, we wont force you to. 既然 你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。4. now thatNow that you are all back, wed better start the work right away. 你们 既然 都回来了， 我们最好马上就开始工作。5. considering (that)实用文档They did the job quite well considering (that

9、) they had no experience. 考虑到 他们没有什么经验，这项工作他们 已经干得不错了。6. seeing thatSeeing that (Since) nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip.由于 都没有很高的热情，他们决定取消这次旅行。七)引导 结果状语从句 的从属连词有：1. so.thatShe was so moved that tears came to her eyes. 她感动 得热泪盈眶。2. such.that演讲It was such a borin

10、g speech that I fell asleep. 枯燥乏味，听得我都睡着了。实用文档三) 引导 条件状语从句 的从属连词有：1. ifIf you can do it, so can I. 你要是能办到，我也能办到。2. even ifWew ouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times. 我们就是失败十次也不灰心。3. unlessI wont go unless you want me to. 除非你要我去，否则 我是不会去的。4. in casein case it should rainWed better take ou

11、r raincoats (rains). 我们最好把雨衣带着 以防 下雨实用文档5. provided /providing (that)Ill come provided (providing) (that)you let me knowin good time. 你要是及时通知我是会来的。6. suppose/supposing (that)Suppose (Supposing) (that)he wont agree, what shallwe do? 假如 他不同意，我们怎么办？7. as (so) long asYou may use the room as long as you

12、keep it clean.只要保持清洁你可以用这个房间。8. on condition (that)Ill lend you the bookon condition (that)you returnit on Monday. 只要 你能在星期一还我，这本书我就借给你。四）引导 让步状语从句 的从属连词有：实用文档1. although / thoughEverybody worked with great enthusiasm although/though the weather was extremely cold.虽然 天气很冷，大家工作得非常起劲。2. even if (thoug

13、h)Even if I have to walk all the way Ill get there.即使我得一路走着去，我也要去那里。五) 引导 比较状语从句 的从属连词有：1. thanWe have produced 20% more cotton this year than we did last year. 我们今年棉花产量比去年高百分之二十。2. as (so).asHe doesnt play halfas well as his sister.他演奏的实用文档水平不及他姐姐的一半。六) 引导 目的状语从句 的从属连词有：1. lestShe explained again a

14、nd again lest people should misunderstand her.她一再解释 唯恐 人们误解。2. so thatSpeak clearly so that we may understand you. 讲话要 清楚， 以便 我们能听明白。3. in order thatHe assigned us some books to read at home in order that (so that) we might have a deeper understanding of the subject. 他指定几本书给我们回家看， 以便 我们对这一主 题有一个较深的了

15、解。实用文档八)引导名词性从句的连词有三个： (1)that ( 本身无意义 )，(2)whether (or not)， (3)if 。例如：That they will refuse the offer is unlikely. 他们不 太可能会拒绝这个建议。I dont know whether (=if) these figures are accurate. 我不知道这些数字是否精确。需要注意的是： whether (or not)可引导大部分名词性从句； if 仅可引导宾语从句，而且不可跟 or not 。例如：Whether ( if) they will come or not wont make muc