18-19Unit1SectionⅢ虚拟语气(Ⅰ)

1、Secti on 山 Grammar虚拟语气（I ）第3页语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1f the rules of perspectivehad not bee n discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.2. Without the new paints and the new technique , we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.3.

2、There are scores of moder n art styles but without the Impressionists , many of these painting stylesmight not exist.1. 例句1中的f引导的虚拟条件句中谓 语动词 had not been discovered为过去 元成式，表示与过去事实相反，主句的 谓语动词 would have been 为 would + have +过去分词。2. 例句2和例句3中的介词without构成 的介词短语表示假设的条件，为含蓄虚 拟语气，两者都是表示与现在事实相 反，主句的谓语动词要用 w

3、ould/should/might/could + 动词原形。语法精要点拨一、动词的语气语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法或态度。英语中的动词在句中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。1 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某 些感叹句。There are two sides to every questio n.每个问题都有两面性。2 祈使语气表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。Please lend me your dicti on ary.请把你的字典借给我用一下。3 虚拟语气用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而

4、是一种假设、愿望 或建议等。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.上扫一0如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行二、虚拟条件句的谓语形式假设情况if条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与过去事实相反过去完成式（had+过去分词）would/should/might/could +have +过去分词与现在事实相反过去式（be的过去式常用were）would/should/might/could +动词原形与将来事实相反 过去式 should+动词原形 were to+动词原形would/should/might/coul

5、d +动词原形If he had time now，he would/could/might go with you.（与现在事实相反）要是他现在有时间，他会和你一起去的。If I were you， I would take an umbrella.（与现在事实相反）如果我是你，我会带把伞。If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would/could/might have met the famous sin ger.与过去事实相反）如果你早来几分钟，你就会见到那位著名歌手了。If it were to snow this evening, th

6、ey would not go out.（与将来事实相反 ）如果今天晚上下雪，他们就不会出去。If he came/should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.（与将来事实相反）如果他明天来这儿的话，我就会跟他谈谈。即时演练1用所给动词的正确形式填空 If my father were（be） here now, he would tell me what to do. If there were（be） a heavy snow n ext Sun day we would not go skati ng. If he had known（k

7、now） your address yesterday， he would have visited（visit） you.三、几种特殊的虚拟条件从句1 省略if形式的虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中，若省略if，则将should，were，had前置，构成主谓倒装句式。Should he agree to go there(= If he should agree to go there), we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。Were she my daughter If she were my daughter) I would nt allow h

8、er to study abroad.如果她是我的女儿的话，我就不让她出国学习了。Had I worked harder(= If I had worked harder), I would have succeeded. 如果我当时努力学习的话，我就会成功的。2混合虚拟语气 若主句和从句所表示的时间不一致，就构成了混合虚拟语气或错综虚拟语 气，此时，主句和从句的时态形式根据实际的时间概念来定。If shehad followed the doctors words，shewould feel better now.如果当初她听从了医生的建议，现在就会好多了。If he were free t

9、oday，we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的话，我们就会已经派他去北京了。3含蓄虚拟语气 有时候假设的条件不是通过条件从句表达， 而是隐含在某些介词短语中， 如 without., but for.等； 某些畐寸词或连词中，女口 otherwise, however, or, but 等。Without music (= If there were no music), the world would be dull. 世界若无音乐将会很枯燥。But for your help(= If there had not been your help

10、), I would not have succeeded in the experiment.如果没有你的帮助,我的实验就不会成功。rm really very busy , otherwise( = if I were not so busy) I would certainly go there with you.我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一起去了。She would have come here but she was too busy with her homework.她本来要到这里来，但是她当时忙于做作业。即时演练 2用所给动词的正确形式填空 Were(be) it to r

11、ain tomorrow, we would have to stay at home. If I had worked (work) hard at school, I would be an engineer now. We did nt know his teleph one nu mber, otherwise we would have telephon ed(teleph one) him.语法应用落实I .单句语法填空1. If you were(be) here, you would see the famous star.2. Were(be) it to rain, the

12、 crops would be saved.3. But for the rain, we would have finished(finish) the work already.4. If it had rained last night, the ground would be(be) wet now.【导学号：98892019】5. If you had taken(take) your teachers advice, you would not have failed the exam last week.6. Without the help of my English teac

13、her, I would have missed(miss) the first prize in the English Writing Competition.7. I did nt know you would come, otherwise I would have met(meet) you at the airport.8. If you had told(tell) me the n ews yesterday I would nt be so worried now.9. Sorry, I am too busy now.lf I had(have) time , I woul

14、d certainly go for an out ing with you.10. Had I worked harder at school I would have got a better job.n .单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1. Mary looks hot and tired.So will you if you had a high fever.will would2. If he was free, he would help us.was were3. Has he learned about computers we would have hired him to work here.Has Had4. But for electricity , there will be no modern industry.will would5. Were it rain tomorrow, we would have to call off the picnic.rain 前力廿 to 或 Were Should6. If I had had any money with me now, I could lend you some.去掉一个had7. We would be grateful when you could join us