中考英语备课指导初中定语从句专项讲解与练习

1、 中考初中定语从句专项讲解与练习 定语从句（初中） 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词， 定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词 和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可

2、省去，非限制性定语从句 主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：1. that 作主语）thatMary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（ 作宾语）（that（that） I put on the desk is blue. The coat 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语。例如：2.which （作主语）The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. （作宾语）

3、we saw last night was wonderful. The film （which3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代 。例如：whom替 （作主语）The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. ？（作宾语） Li Ming is talking to（whom）Who is the teacher 注意：1）当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时，who、 that、which可省略，但介词在关系代词 代替）。例如：that+which/whom”结构

4、（此时关系代词不能用前时，只能用“介词 )This is the house (which/that) we lived in last year.(可省 that)This is the house in which we lived last year.(不可省，关系代词不可用 )Please tell me (whom/that) you borrowed the English novel from.(可省 that)Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.(不可省，关系代词不可用 的情况：that2）关系词只能用

5、a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时， 例如：which.that，而不用只能用 He was the first person that passed the exam. This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等 例如：which.不定代词时，只能用that，而不用 =？Is there anything that you want to buy

6、in the shop I didnt understand the words all that he said. c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few ，no，just等词修 例如：，而不用which.饰时，只能用that 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 This is the same bike that I lost. 例如：而不用which.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， d. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw i

7、n the room. 例如：引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.who或which e.以 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ Who is the girl that is crying 例如：which.结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用f. 主句是there be 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 的情况：that ）关系词只能用which，而不用 3 例如：that. 而不用 thosethat，时，用which， a.先行词为 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ s that which is

8、under the desk？ What ）1that.例如：（同（b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用 这是他居住的房间。 This is the room in which he lives. 例如：而不用that.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， c. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。， which made us happy. Tom came back 五、关系副词的用法 指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：when（1） 这是他到达的时间。This was the time when he arrived. 指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如

9、：where2） （ 这是他工作的地点。This is place where he works. 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：）why （3 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟 到。 ”结构有时可与其他关系代词或关系副词互相转换+which/whom注意：“介词 That is the house where my father used to live. =That is the house which my mother used to live in. = That

10、 is the house in which my mother used to live. in which = where上句中： )(一六：练习 Did you find the notebook _ Jim had given me for my birthday?1 A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 2. Thats all _ I have seen and heard. A. which B. that C. where D. what 3. Have you seen the man _ plan we were talking about _

11、yesterday ? A. who, them B. its, them C. whose,/ D. whose, them 4.The Oscar is one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far. A. which are not B. that have not been C. that has not D. that has not been 5. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading. A. that B. as C. who

12、D. which 6. The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. whos B. whose C. that D. of which 7. _ cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. those who C. However D. The one who 8. The police caught the man _ stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. whom D. which 9. The girl _ is reading unde

13、r the tree _ my sister. A. which, is B. whom, was C. who , is D. who, was 10. George Mallory was an English teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which t talk about such things of _ you are not sure. 11. Don A. which B. what C. as D. Those 12. Is this the factory _ you visited the other

14、day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 13. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 14. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one t be found. 15. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldn A

15、. that B. where C. in which D. in that 16. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 17. Is there anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs ”18. - “How do you like the

16、 book? s quite different from _ I read last month.”- “It A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 19. They were interested _ you told them. A. in which B. in that C. all that D. in everything 20. - Do you know the town at all? - No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D.

17、am coming 初中英语定语从句练习题（二） 1. I still remember the night _I first came to the house. 2. Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week. 3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _is the best season there. 4. I will never forget the days _I spent with your family. 5. Ill never forget the last

18、day_ we spent together. 6. This is the school _I used to study. 7. Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week? 8. Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition? 9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_is famous for the West Lake? 10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, _lies t

19、he West Lake? 11. Tom will go to Shanghai,_live his two brothers. 12. I live in Beijing,_is the capital of China. 13. There was a time _there were slaves in the USA. 14. It is the third time _you have made the same mistake. 15. It was in the street _I met John yesterday. 16. It was about 600 years a

20、go_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. )you.认出17. The moment _I saw you, I recognized( 18. This is the very novel about_weve talked so much. 19. This is the way_he did it. 20. Who is the student _was late for school today? 初中英语定语从句练习题（三） 将下列每组句子改写为带有定语从句的复合句。 1. The nurse is very

21、kind. She looks after my sister. was written by Lao She.”. The play “TeahouseTeahouse2. We watched the play “” 3. The medicine was quite helpful. Dr Li gave it to me. 4. The train started at 5:00 p.m. Mike missed it. 5. The letter is from my uncle. I received it three days ago. 6. Cream, butter and

22、cheese are kinds of food. They make you fat. 7. The man is in the next room. He brought us the letter yesterday. 二、英语书面表达专项训练 2 , 你打算把你爸爸最近网购的音乐机器人下周一下午轮到你在英语课上做课堂报告music robot, 请你根据所提供的信息（）介绍给同学们。下图是关于这个音乐机器人的广告 写一份发言稿。 , 我就能唱给你听。我还有其他本我是能听会说的小音乐机器人只要你对我说歌曲的名字 领 :small, clever, ask it about weather

23、, problems in study, remind you of important dates, 参考词汇 convenient , :1. 可适当发挥；要求参考提示 , , 2. 书写工整；语句涌顺意思连贯 3. 文中不得出现个人真实信息；Good morning, everyone! Here, Id like to introduce the music robot my father bought online. _ _Good morning, everyone! Here, Id like to introduce the music robot my father boug

24、ht 【答案】online. It is small, so you can even carry it in your backpack. After you connect it to the Internet and speak to it, it can provide different kinds of services. For example, you just say, Ding Dong, I want to listen to SHEs songs ,and it will play their songs immediately. You can also ask it

25、 about weather or even your problems in study. Besides, it can remind you of important dates and so on.I am so amazed at my music robot because it makes my life more enjoyable and convenient. I really love it! 【解析】 【分析】 ”“买的音乐机器人。这篇书面表达主要描述爸爸最近给我 【详解】“”要介绍这个机我这是篇材料作文。内容上首先要介绍这个音乐机器人，其次表达为什么器人，也就是对它的

26、喜爱。在写作时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，这样才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把 各个要点组织成一个完整的整体。 3“” (English classics)阅读正在全市各地各校全面而深入五个一百工程扬州市英语经典文学地推进，这提高了扬州学子的人文科学素养，并促进了他们的终身发展。某校正在开展中学生是否有必要阅读英文经典文学的大讨论，请根据以下问题和要求用英语写一篇文章参 与讨论。 1. Do you think reading English classics is necessary? Why? (Give 3 reasons)2.

27、 How do you usually take part in the activity of reading English classics? (Give 3 examples, e.g. ng Club, take notes while reading )take part in the Readi -2 opinions)3. Whats your advice for the students who are weak in English? (Give 1 1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；要求 2）必须包括问题中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥； 1003词左右（开头已给出，不计

28、入总词数）；）词数： 4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。With the development of the Five One-hundred Project in Yangzhou, our school has had a discussion about whether it is necessary for middle school students to read English classics. With the development of the Five One-hundred Project in Yangzhou, our school has 【答案】had a

29、 discussion about whether it is necessary for middle school students to read English classics. I think reading English classics is not only necessary but also important. First, we can learn a lot about Western history and culture by reading. Second, by reading classics we can enlarge our vocabulary

30、and improve our writing. Finally, it can help us with our lifelong learning. So I often spend my free time reading English classics. I am in the Reading Club. And I often take notes while reading. Whats more, I sometimes ask the teacher for help if I have difficulty reading books. If some students a

31、re weak in English, they can read the short and easy English stories at the very beginning. Well begun is half done. Next, they should keep reading and never give up. Then their English will be improved little by little. 【解析】 【详解】这是一篇要求关于某校正在开展中学生是否有必要阅读英文经典文学的大讨论，请根据问题和要求用英语写一篇文章参与讨论。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕

32、要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料可知本文主要是应用第一人称，一般现在时态，注意标点符号及 大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 4毕业之际，学校要求每位九年级学生给各自家长写封信，简要汇报三年来初中生活的收 Jim,请根据下表的提示，用英文做一个简短的汇报。获与存在的问题。假如你是 1. 学到很多知识 2. .,在家收获学会了与人相处：在校 3. 遇到困难时 学习压力存在问题 2 1. 感谢目前想法 要求： 1）：表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；（ 2）：必须包括提示中的所有信息，

33、并按要求适当发挥；（ 3）：不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。（ 1004左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）（）：词数 Mum ,Dear Dad Ill leave junior school soon and meet a new challenge of my life. Now I would like to tell you what I have done in the past three years_ _ Jim Mum ,Dear Dad 【答案】例文Ill leave junior school soon and meet a new challenge of my li

34、fe. Now I would like to tell you what I have done in the past three years.I have learnt a lot of knowledge from the books and I have improved my study skills. I have learnt about a lot of famous people all over the world. Tan dun is a great musician. He said his music is to dream without boundaries.

35、 I can also get along with my teachers and help each other too. At home I can do some housework so that you can have more time to rest. When I meet difficulty, I can talk to my friends about it.However, I feel stressed in my study. I have a lot of homework to do everyday .As a result, I have no time

36、 for my hobbies.I would thank you for taking good care of me and thank my teachers and friends for their help. I will plan my time well to study better and sleep well. Yours sincerely Jim 【解析】 【详解】这是一篇书信作文。在毕业之际，学校要求每位九年级学生给各自家长写封信，简要汇报Jim，要求根据表格的提示内容，用英文三年来初中生活的收获与存在的问题。假如你是做一个简短的汇报。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求

37、和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。在写作过程中，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式 要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。 52075年，讲述太阳即将毁火，今年初流浪地球在中国火热上映。影片故事设定在“”计划，试图带着地球一起逃离已经不适合人类生存，而面对绝境，人类将开启流浪地球“”:?班长太阳系，寻找人类新家园

38、的故事。影片多次提到希望希望是什么。比如，老师问:Demon观看后，印象深刻，给你写回答希望是我们这个年代钻石一样的东西。你的笔友 了一封邮件。请你根据邮件内容结合你的情况，用英语回复。 To: LiHuaChina. com From: Demon America. com Subject:Problems and hope Dear Li Hua, How are you? I hope you are well. I have watched a movie called Wandering Earth. I am deeply moved by those Chinese people

39、 who never give up. You Chinese are really brave and full of wisdom. As my Chinese pen pal, what will you do when you meet difficulty? Would you please tell me the following things? What problems do you often meet in your school life? How do you usually solve your problems? Who has influenced you mo

40、st in your life and what do you think of him/herWhat do you think about hope Please write back and tell me everythingBest wishesDemo ;1.90左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数词数注意： ;2.回复必须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺 3.文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 Dear DemonIm glad that you like the film. Indeed, I have learned a lot from it as wel

41、l._ _ Please write to me and tell me your view. Yours, LiHua Dear Demon，【答案】Im glad that you like the film. Indeed, I have learned a lot from it as well. In school, I also encounter some problems, the biggest problem is how to strike a balance between study and life. Whenever I want to play and dont

42、 want to study, I will think of the Chinese people who never give up in the film wandering Earth, who will inspire me to study hard.In life, my English teacher has the greatest influence on me. Whenever I have a great need, my English teacher always comes to help me. She is the person who helps me t

43、he most in my junior high school life at the beginning of three years. . I like her very much and thank her even more.I think hope is the driving force of all, as long as there is hope, there will be motivation, it is possible to succeed. What do you think? Please write to me and tell me your view.

44、Yours, LiHua 【解析】 【详解】这是一篇书信作文。根据所给出的材料内容可知文章时态主要用一般现在时，人称主要用第一、第三人称。首先要注意书信的书写格式，要对来信中的问题作出全面的答复。同时在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率； 词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。 【点睛】首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，

45、动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；同时注意语句要通顺，词汇书写无误，不要出现语法错误。最后要细心 复核检查，确保正确无误。 6假如你是李明，将参加今年暑期的澳大利亚悉尼新南威尔士语言学校的游学活动study tour, Mike给你发来了封电子邮件征询你对此次游学活动的想法）（该项目的负责人 和建议。请阅读以下信息，并回复一封电子邮件。 注意事项： 1. 文章所写内容必须包括邮件中的问题所涉及的所有信息。 2. 文章要求语意通顺，条理清楚，书写规范，不能出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。 1003

46、. 词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。文章词数在 Dear Sir/Madam,Im glad to receive your email and I have read it carefully. I have decided to live in _ _ _ _ _ _ tour!Im really looking forward to this study Many thanks, Li Ming Dear Sir/Madam,【答案】例文：Im glad to receive your email and I have read it carefully. I have deci

47、ded to live in the Green family. The old couple have no children but two dogs, so they will have more time to communicate with me in English and I can play with their pets as well. Their flat is in the centre of Sydney, so its easy for me to go around. I can also use the Wi-fi to keep in touch with

48、my parents. My family can afford the cost of 350 pounds.Im lucky to have a buddy during my stay at your school. I expect him/her to help me with my problems in my study. I can chat with him/her in English to improve my speaking skills. I love history so I want to visit some places of interest at the

49、 weekend. Im also curious about the local food and I want to have a taste. Im really looking forward to this study tour! Many thanks, Li Ming 【解析】 【详解】 这是一篇应用作文，邮件内容要回答邮件中的三个问题，可分为三个段落进行回答。 好单词： afford 负担得起 好短语： communicate with 交流和 as well 也 keep in touch with 保持联系与 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 he

50、lp sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 chat with 聊天和 place of interest 名胜古迹 be curious about 感到好奇对 have a taste 尝一尝 好句式：Their flat is in the centre of Sydney, so its easy for me to go around. 他们的公寓在悉尼市中It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事心，所以对我来说，到处走走很容易。（ it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语）是， 807B词左右）（）按要求完成大作文（“”生活的中学生，低碳节

51、约资源，保护环境，从我们身边的小事做起。假设你是一个注重“My Green Life”“”“绿绿色生活的重要性，以及你所倡导的请以为题写一篇短文，简单谈谈 ”方式。色生活 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数，不得透露姓名等个人信息。写作要求：词数 My Green Life【答案】As the environment goes worse and worse, I think living a green life is really important for every one of us. Only when we live a green life can we have a better living environment. As for me, in my daily life, I often go to school by bike. It can not only help exercise myself, but also makes contribution to protecting the environment. Besides, I always turn off the lights whenever I am out to save