2020年Ket专题——形容词及副词(训练+专题

1、形容词和副词一. 形容词1 .修饰名词，描述其 性质、品质、特征 等的词。一般“的”的词都是形容词。如：She is a beautiful girl.（漂亮的）2 .在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。如：I have an interesting book. （interesting 有趣的，修饰 book,在句中作定语）We are happy today. （happy快乐的，在句中作表语）Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.（clean 干净的，tidy 整洁的，在句中都作宾 语补足语）3 .多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时

2、的排列顺序限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才）如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。the big round red wooden table.又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。二.副词：1 .通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子， 在句中作状语。一般“地”的词都是副词。如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.（仔细地，认真地 ）2 .副词的分类1）时间副词:now, today等2） 频度副词：alw

3、ays, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never3） 地点副词： here, there, upstairs, downstairs 等4）方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely 等5）程度副词:much, little, quite 等6）疑问副词：how, when, where, why 等三.形容词转化成副词1 .一般在形容词后加 ly,如：quick-quickly2 .以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,变 y为i,加ly,如：happy-happily3 .以不发音e结尾的形容词，去 e加ly,如：true-tr

4、uly注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如： fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通过第3页共5页具体语境来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely lonely,lively 等。四.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成1 .比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 tall-taller, well-better2 .最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 long-longest3 .比较级和最高级的变化规则：规则变化（单音节和少数双音节）：A.在词尾直接力口 -er/est,

5、如：short-shorter-shortestB.词尾是 e,只力口 -r/st,如：nice-nicer-nicestC.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变 y为i再加-er/est,如：happy-happier-happiestD.读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加 -er/est,如：big-bigger-biggestE.其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加 more/most,如：more/most delicious不规则变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）词义原级比较级最高级好good/wellbetterbest坏bad/badly/illworseworst多ma

6、ny/muchmoremost少littlelessleast远farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest老oldereldereldest五.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法：1.原级的用法：用于两者之间对比，意思为和相同”相当于 the same as -肯定句：A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as BTom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter.否定句：A+动词.+not as/so.+形容词/副词原级+as BThis tree is not as/so tall as that one.2.比

7、较级的用法：1) A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+ BSusan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary注：形容词/副词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little , far, a lot, a bit来修饰。2）数字（倍数）+形容词/副词比较级+thanI two years older than you.Our classroom is twice bigger than yours.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越The earth is getting warmer and warmer

8、.4） the +比较级,the +比较级,表示“越,就越”The more, the better.越多越好。（多多益善）3.最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较，最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带 in或。f表范围的短语。1） one of the + 最高级Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.2）比较级句型表达最高级意义A+动词+比较级+than+any other+B（单数）如： The Changjiang River is longer than any ot

9、her river in China.A+动词+比较级+than+the other+B（复数）如： The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China.以上两句意思相当于：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.练习题、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级old young tall longshort strong big smallfat thin heavylight nice good beautifullow high slow fastlate e

10、arly far well 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式1. My brother is two years（old）than me.2. Tom is as（fat） as Jim.3. Is your sister（young） than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is（thin）,you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is (big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary s hair is as (long) as Lucy s.1 .Ben (jump) (high) than some o

11、f the boys in his class.8 .Nancy sing (well) than Helen? Yes, she .9 .Lily is not as (tall) as the other girls.10 .My eyes are (big) than (she).11 .Which is (heavy),the elephant or the pig?12 .Who gets up (early),Tim or Tom?13 .the girls get up(early) than the boys?No,they.14 . Jim runs (slow). But

12、Ben runs (slow).15.The child doesn t(write) as(fast) as the students.三、单项选择题1 . Which subject do you like, maths or English?A.good B.better C.wellD.best2 .This red rose is of all flowers.A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful3 .My book is newer than.A.he B.his C.ourD.we

13、4 .He isstudent in his class.A.good B.better C.the best D.best5 .Look! The beethan the bird.A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher6 .His hens are and fat.A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.the biggest7 .She knowsabout history than most people.A.moreB.muchC.mostD.many1.1 t was really anstor

14、y.A.afraid B.excited C.exciting D.worried9 .Which city is from here, Beijing or Shanghai?A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthest 第 4 页 共 5 页10 .This building is that tree.A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so tall as D.as taller as答案：一 .elder,eldest,younger,youngest,taller,tallest,longer,longest,shorter,shortest,stronger,strongest,big ger,biggest,smaller,smallest,fatter,fattest,thinner,thinnest,heavier,heaviest,lighter,lightest,nicer,nice st,better,best,more beautiful,mostbeautiful,lower,lowest,higher,highest,slower,slowest,faste