,北师大高一英语知识点

1、. 北师大版高中英语 知识概要与语法总结必修一1.共有三个单元2.各单元知识点第一单元：一般现在时，现在进行时，begoingto第二单元：一般过去时，过去进行时，现在完成时第三单元：被动语态，情态动词3.全书单词数量为：204个词组数量为：44北师大版高一英语必修一第1单元一.重点句法词法。 Lesson 11.疑问句+do you think+述句结构。该句式常用来询问对方对某事的意见或想法。Do you think 在句中作插入语。除了think以外，动词believe, imagine, suppose, guess, suggest等也常用于该句式。Who do you think

2、will give us a talk next week? 你觉得下星期谁给我们做报告？What do yor think he will do tomorrow? 你认为他明天会做什么？2.I thinkbut常用来表达先是肯定然后转折。 I thought he should come by air, but he preferred to drive is new car.我以为他会坐飞机来，但他更愿意驾驶他的新车。3.relaxing. Relaxing 是由及物动词relax+ing构成的形容词，意思是“轻松的，令人放松的”。Boring和relaxing的构词法相同，意思是“令人

3、厌烦的，单调乏味的”。Relaxed“放松的”和bored“无聊的”常用来修饰人；而relaxing和boring均表示“令人”，常修饰物。Mary felt relaxed to make a relaxing conversation with a good friend, while Peter got bored with a lot of boring homework to do.和一个好朋友的轻松交谈让玛丽感到很放松，而要做很多无聊的作业使彼得感到很厌烦。The teacher said something relaxing to get him relaxed, so Pete

4、r decided to do something satisfying to make the tacher satisfied.老师对他说了一些让人放松的事情使他放松，于是彼得决定做点儿令人满意的事情让老师满意。4.suppose（认为，猜想）的用法。(1)suppose+that从句，表示“猜测，假定”。I suppose that you are right. 我想你是对的。(2)supose+名词/代词+to be表示“认为是”Many people suppose him to be over 50.许多人认为他已经50多岁了。(3)suppose/supposing作“假定，设想

5、”讲，相当于连词if.Suppose you are wrong,what will you do then? 假如你错了，你将会怎样做呢？(4)be supposed to“被期望做，应该做”表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should.Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or just this one? 我是应该打扫所有房间呢还是只这一间？They were supposed to be here an hour ago.(5)用于简略答语中。-Do you think well have good weather this weeken

6、d? 你认为周末天气会好吗？-I suppose so/not. 我想会吧/我想不会。5.Imagine.Imagine 常用于祈使句，表示一种假设或设想的情况，用法和意义与suppose基本一样。Imagine you marry such a lazy man. 想象一下你跟一个这样懒惰的人结婚。(1)imagine (doing) something. 想象（做）某事。She imagined walking into the office and handing in her report. 她想象着自己走进办公室，递上报告。(2)imaging sb. Doing sth. 想象某人

7、做某事I just can imagine him saying that! 我确实能想象到他那么说！(3)imagine sb./sth.(to be)认为某人/某事Dont imagine your husband to be always wrong.(4)imagine+that从句 想象，误认为Your cant imagine he should make such a mistake.你不到他竟然犯了这样的错误。6.forty-three-year-old是复合形容词，作定语，其中year不能用复数。The Eiffel Tower in Paris is a 120-year-

8、old building. 巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔是一座有着120年历史的建筑。注意：（1）复合形容词中，被修饰的中心词与动词为主谓关系，该动词用现在分词形式；或动词与其修饰的中心词之间存在被动关系，则该动词用过去分词形式。English-speaking countries讲英语的国家a horse-drawn carriage一辆马车(2)复合形容词中若含有句词，名词往往用单数形式a three-year-old child一个三岁的孩子a three-hour-drive开车三小时的行程7.与turn相关短语turn on 打开（自来水、电灯、煤气、无线电等）turn off 关掉（自来水、电

9、灯、煤气、无线电等）turn up 把音量调大；出现、露面turn down 把音量调低；拒绝turn in 上缴，归还turn out 结果是，证明是turn over翻转，翻身turn to转向，求助于7.until到（时间、地点）为止He stayed here until twelve oclock. 他在这里一直待到十二点。Until还可以作连词。notuntil意思是“直到才”He will not give you any answer until he has thought it over. 他对此事仔细考虑之后才会给你答复。8.与“开、关”有关的词(1)open/close

10、/shut与door, window, box, book,eyes等连用(2)switch on/off多与radio, TV, light, computer等连用(3)turn on/off比switch on/off更通俗，多与radio, gas, water等连用。9.while引导时间状语从句，意思是“当的时候，与同时”，表示两个动作同时进行或两种状态同时存在。He was still studying while the others were sleeping.While还可以表示“然而、却”，连接两个并列句，含有对比的意味。Many people try their bes

11、t to help the homeless while some just stand by.很多人尽力于帮助那些无家可归的人，而有些人只是袖手旁观。10.couldnt dowithout这是一个双重否定结构。Without your help, I couldnt have made such great progress then.没有你的帮助，我不可能取得那么大的进步。11.与go有关的相关短语go about着手干；四处走动；（故事等）流传go against反对；违背；对不利go over检查；复习go on with继续go without没有而勉强应付；没有也行go away

12、/out离开；出去go after sb./sth.追求某人/谋求某事go through审查，检查，经过，度过；经历（痛苦、困难等）go in for 参加（考试或比赛）；爱好go wrong/mad出毛病/疯了go by时光流逝；顺便走访12.It takes sb. Some time to do sth. It takes some time for sb. To do sth.这两个句型是固定句型，意思是“某人花费多少时间做某事”13.“get+过去分词”构成系表结构，通常强调动作的发生，也可指状态的变化。此类结构还有：get lost 迷路get dressed 穿衣get hur

13、t 受伤get paid得到报酬get married结婚14.动词不定式作后置定语。当被修饰的名词或代词有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last only等限定词时，要使用动词不定式作定语。I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到办公室。Miss Brown is the last person to rise to speak.布朗小姐是最后一个站起来发言的人。15.与take有关的短语take up占据take turns轮流take off 起飞take over接收，接管take in欺骗，收留take

14、down记下take on 呈现；雇用15.be filled with充满着，相当于be full offillup with用装满，填满fill in填写；度过（时光）16.so+形容词或副词+that引导结果状语从句，意思是“如此以至于”(1)so that=in order thatHe works very hard so that he can buy his own apartment.他努力工作，为的是能买一套自己的公寓。(2)suchthat作“如此以至于”讲，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。He was such an honest man that he was praise

15、d by the teacher.他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。注意：如果后边的名词前由many, much,few, little等词修饰的话，则不用such而用so.但当little的意思表示“small或young”时，仍然使用suchthat结构。17.bring组成的短语bring back拿回，带回，恢复，使想起bring down降低，使下降bring up扶养，养育bring in引起，带来，赚钱，赢利bring out使显露，生产bring about使发生，导致plain to sb.about/of sth. 向某人抱怨/诉苦 complain about sth.

16、to sb. 向某人抱怨某事 She is always complaining about something. 她总是满腹牢骚 Lesson 21.I find painting or drwing very relaxing这句用的是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构类似的结构有：Find+宾语+形容词/副词Find+宾语+名词Find+宾语+现在分词/过去分词/to be不定式Find+宾语+介词短语She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.2.stress lay/place/put stress on 把重点放在上3.take

17、place与happen, occur的用法区别take place:指按计划、安排“发生”；“举行，进行”，相当于holdhappen：指偶然、意外的“发生”；“碰巧”，后面接动词不定式occur作“发生”解，一般可与happen互换。Occur还表示“想起、想到”It happened that the driver was his cousin. 那位司机碰巧是他的表弟。When will the basketball game take place? 篮球赛何时举行？The idea occurred to him in a dream.4.suffer与suffer fromSuff

18、er:意为“遭受（痛苦、损失）”，其宾语为pain, loss, punishment, wrong, hardship等Suffer from:指遭受战争、自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之苦They suffered a great loss in the earthquake. 在地震中，他们遭受了重大损失。They suffered from all kinds of diseases in those years. 那些年他们身患各种各样的病。5.reduceto 表示“减少到”；其中介词to表示“减少后的结果” reduceby表示“减少了”；其中介词by表示“减少的程度或幅度”6.I c

19、ant stand talking in front of others. “talking in front of others”为动名词短语作stand的宾语后跟劝名词作宾语的动词还有：consider, admit, avoid, practise, appreciate, risk, imagine等We are considering buying a new car.我们在考虑买一辆新车。She tried to avoid answering my questions.她试图避而不答我的问题。7.prefer sth./doing sth.更喜欢 Prefer to do sth

20、. 宁愿做某事 Prefer sth./doing sth. to sth./doing sth.宁愿而不愿 Prefer sb. To do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 Prefer to do sth. rather than do 宁愿而不愿 Prefer that sb. (should) do sth.宁愿某人做某事 Lesson 31.volunteer（1）作名词，表示“志愿者”常接介词或不定式The volunteers for community service are doing a good job. 社区服务的志愿者做得很出色。（2）作动词，表“自愿去做”常跟to do

21、不定式The young man volunteered to help the old man. 那个年轻人主动去帮助那位老年人。Voluntary: adj. 自愿的，志愿的She does voluntary work for the Red Cross. 她自愿义务为红十字会工作。2. pay attention to注意，留心，重视，相当于fix ones attention on/upon Draw/attract ones attetion (to)引起某人的注意；使某人注意 Lesson 41.连词before引导的时间状语从句 Im always tried before I

22、 arrive at work. 这样每天到办公室前，我就已感到很疲倦。连词before的常见用法：（1）it will be/was+时间段+before+时间状语从句：过了（一段时间）才It was quite a few years before he finally finished his novel. 过了好多年他才写才了这本小说（2）It wont be/wasnt+时间段+before+时间状语从句：没过多久就It wont be long before we meet again.（3）强调从句动作还没有发生，主句动作就发生了，作“还没来得及/没等就”讲Before I co

23、uld sit down he offered me a cup of tea. 没等我坐下，他就给我端上一杯茶。（4）趁着Try to grasp the opportunity before it is too late. 趁现在还不晚，一定要抓住机会。2.有关make sure的短语(1) make sure that+宾语从句注意：make sure 后面常接that引导的宾语从句，后接名词时需加介词of/about一般不用不定式，没有make sure to do sth.的句型。(2) be sure to do sth.务必/一定会做某事(3) be sure of/about

24、be sure that+从句，表示肯定，对有把握3.especially, specialy, particularlyespecially:意为“尤其、特别地”。用来加强语气，常用在所强调的主语、介词短语、形容词、副词及状语从句前。specially:意这“特意的，专门地”。强调不广泛，是专门为某一目的而进行的特地行为。Particularly：=in particular“特别的，尤其”；表过某事不寻常、过分或特别重要。常用于修饰名词、介词短语。4. at the moment此刻，目前，常用于现在进行时 For the moment暂时，目前 For a moment片刻，一会儿 In

25、 a moment 立刻，马上 The moment“一就”5.notanymore和no more意思想同，表示“不再”Hurry up! I cant wait anymore. = Hurry up! I can no more wait. 快点，我不能再等了。6.as a result因此，结果 As a result of +n./pron.由于Result in 导致，造成结果Result from起因于，由于Without result毫无结果地，徒劳地e up with 提出，想出（计划、主意等） Come across偶然遇到Come about发生，产生Come out（花

26、儿）开放；出，发行； Come true成真，变成现实8. include与contianinInclude作“包含”解时，其后的宾语只是整体中的一部分，侧重于围Contain作“包含”解时，其后的宾语指的是整体的全部或部分，侧重于容The bottle contains two glasses of beer.这瓶子能装两杯啤酒。Six people were killed, including a child. 6人死亡，其中包括一句小孩。9. “主语+be+said/thought/believed/supposed等+动词不定式”句型表示“据说，人们说”，相当于”It is/was+s

27、aid/thought/believed/supposed等+that从句”It is said that Sydney is beautiful.10.make a difference：有关系，有影响 Make no difference:没有影响 Make some difference：有一些影响二.语法1.一般现在时构成和句式：肯定式：主语+do/does或be(me/is/are)+其他否定式：主语+do/does+not或be(me/is/are)+not+其他疑问式：Do/Does或Be(am/is/are)+主语+其他用法：（1）表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态。You loo

28、k good in this new suit.（2）表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与usually, often, always, every day, sometimes, once a month, never等连用。I often feel cold at this time of year.（3）表示普遍真理和客观存在的事实。But it is spring now. It is warm in spring.（4）表示计划、安排好的将来动作。常用表示位置转移的动词。如go, come, arrive, leave, start, begin等。The train leav

29、es a 3:30 p.m.（5）在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Well go to the park if it does not rain tomorrow.2.现在进行时构成和句式：肯定式：主语+ be(me/is/are)+doing+其他否定式：主语+ be(me/is/are)not+doing+其他疑问式：be(me/is/are)+主语+doing+其他用法：（1）表示正在时行的动作。Peter, what are you doing there?（2）表示现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定进行的动作。We are studying Spanish this se

30、mester.（3）表示将要发生的动作， 一般跟时间状语，表明动作发生的时间。常见的动词有arrive, begin, come, go, leave,start, stay等。He is leaving for London next week.（4）表示发展中或正在改变的情况The weather is getting colder and colder.（5）现在进行时可与always, forever, continually, constantly等副词喧嚣用，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，含有抱怨、赞叹、厌倦等感情色彩。He is always changing his mind.

31、（6）用于动词hope, want, 和wonder等，表示一种比一般现在时态更委婉的证据。I am wondering if you can lend me your bike.3.一般将来时构成及用法：（1）“will+动词原形”，常用来表示将来存在的状态、将要发生的动作；还可表示一种没有经过仔细考虑的主观意图，可能是在说的当时才作出的决定。It will be my birthday in two days.I will buy you a new car for your birthday.（2）“be going to+动词原形”：可以表示近期的打算，常用来表示事先已经决定或安排要做

32、的事，常译为“准备做”或“打算做”；还可以表示“有迹象表明或预示着”。How are you going to spend your weekend?（3）现在进行时表示将来：现在进行时往往表示计划好或准备要做的事。若用一些表示位置转移的终止性动词，如go, come,leave, start, begin, take等，则表示马上要做某事。Im taking the kids to the zoo this Sunday.（4）一般现在时表示将来：主要指严格按昭原定计划、时刻表将要发生的事情；在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。I will return your car

33、I you remember to buy a new car for my birthday.（5）“be to+动词原形”表示将来：这种结构表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须做的事或即将发生的动作。I am to do some shopping.（6）“be about to+动词原形”表示将来：这一结构表示眼下马上要发生，不强调主观，一般不能与具体的时间状语连用。Oh, the store is about to close. 北师大版一轮复习必修一 单元练习 Unit 1Lifestyles1Hows your tour around the North Lake？Is it

34、beautiful?It _ be，but it is now heavily polluted.Awill Bwould Cshould Dmust2The train_ arrive at 1130，but was an hour late. Awas about to Bwas likely toCwas supposed to Dwas certain to3Progress so far has been very good._，we are sure that the project will be completed on time. AHowever BOtherwiseCTh

35、erefore DBesides4During the war，he_ much pain.Ais suffered BsufferedCwas suffered Dwas suffered from5I would keep my_ from that dog，if I were youit will bite. Aspace Bdistance Clength Dreach6The old lady came in，_ herself with a walking stick.Araising Bsupporting Clifting Drising7Ladies and gentleme

36、n，please switch_ your mobile phones！The plane is taking off.Aover Bon Cto Doff8Would you like me_ the radio a bit?No，its all right.Im used to_ with the radio_. Ato turn up；work；on Bto turn down；working；offCturning up；working；off Dto turn down；working；on9After studying in a medical college for five y

37、ears，Jane_ her job as a doctor in the countryside.Aset out Btook overCtook up Dset up10Four dollars a pair？I think its a bit too much.If you buy three pairs，the price for each will_ to three fifty.Acome down Btake downCturn over Dgo over11When day broke，we found ourselves_ on the shore.Alying Blain

38、Clay Dto lie12Have you finished your homework?Yes._？ AHow about you BHow comeCHow so DHow about it13John！Is this bag yours?Yes.It is the same bag_ I lost yesterday.Where did you find it?Awhich Bas Cthat Dso14_ about the economic crisis that he decided to look for more information about it.ASo curiou

39、s he was BSo curious was heCSuch curious he was DSuch curious was he15Does_ matter whether he can finish the job on time？ Athis Bthat Che Dit北师大版高一英语必修一第2单元Warm-up1.clam的用法calm down平静下来keep clam/remain calm保持冷静calm oneself down使自己镇静下来词汇辨析：calm:平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动 You should keep calm even in face o

40、f danger.quiet:宁静的，安静的。指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、忧虑 Could you keep the kids quiet while Im on the phone?still:静止的，不动的，指没有运动或动作的状态 Keep still while I brus your hair.silent:寂静的，沉默的，不出声的。指没有声音或不讲话。 He was silent for a moment, then began his answer.2.generous慷慨的，大方的be generous to sb.对某人宽容be generous with sth.(用钱

41、等)大方It is/was generous of you to take so much interest in my work.He is always generous with money when his friends turn to him for help.3.character: n性格，品质。一般用来指人的性格特征。 characteristic：adj 特征的，特性。一般用来指一事物与他物区别的不同的特征。Lucy and Lily are twins, but they have different characters.A characteristic of this

42、 species is the blue stripes.Lesson 1一.句法与词法1.多个词一起修饰一个名词，其顺序通常为：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。The old lady wants to buy a beautiful red Chinese silk dress for her daughter as a present.In the middle of the room stands a beautiful round wooden table.2.choose from:从中挑选 chooseas:挑选作为3.separate v.（使）

43、分离；（使）分开；分手 adj.单独的；独立的词汇辨析：separate:表示“将与分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来separatefrom把和分开Its impossible to separate belief from emotion.信仰和感情是分不开的。divide：往往指把某个整体划分为若干部分divideinto把分成The world is divided into seven continents and four oceans.世界分成七和4大洋。4.because of由于，因为后面常跟名词、代词、动名词。because是连词，引导从句He failed the

44、final game because of his carelessness.=He failed the final game because he was careless.I come back because of the rain.5.Yang Liwei had several tasks to complete during the flight and only slept in the spaceship for about 3 hours.本句中不定式to complete作后置定语修饰tasks，由于tasks作其宾语，不定式动词又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以不定

45、式用主动形式表示被动意义。如果没有这种主谓关系，则不定式需要用被动形式。I have got a letter to write.The manager has a letter to be typed.当不定式作表语形容词的状语，又和句中的主语构成动宾关系时，这时用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。常可以样用的形容词一般有：easy, difficult, hard, pleasant, nice, interesting等。The grammar book is difficult to understand.The task is necessary to finish in time.6.Y

46、ang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.Expressing the wished of the .为现在分词短语用作伴随状语，与句子主语之间构成上的主动关系。They came into the classroom, following the little boy.现在分词除了可作伴随状语，还可作方式、条件、原因、让步、结果、时间状语。Her mothe

47、r died, leaving her with four younger brothers and sister. （表结果）Being too old, he couldnt walk that far. （原因状语）7.let out释放，放开；泄露（秘密、消息等）；发出（叫喊等）；放宽，放大（衣服等）They were let out of prison last month.let alone更不用说let down使某人失望The baby cant ever walk, let alone run.Im afraid she let us lions of当h

48、undred, thousand, million, dozen等以单数形式存在时，其前常用表示具体数量的词或several, some, many等修饰。当hundred, thousand, million, dozen等以复数形式存在时，其后要加of，但前面不能用表示数量的词修饰。9.wave v.挥手致意，招手；起伏 n.波浪，挥手wave at/to sb.向某人挥手/摆手wave sth. at sb.向某人挥动某物wave goodbye to sb.= wave sb. goodbye.向某人挥手告别10.tooto太而不能在此结构中，too后面跟形容词或副词，to后面跟动词原

49、形该结构还可以拓展为toofor sb. to(1)当too后的形容词是表示心情的形容词时，如glad, pleased, surpised, happy, eager, anxious等，此时，too相当于very或very much.Im too glad to meet you.见到你我非常高兴。(2)tooto与never, not等连用时，也表示肯定意义。It is never too late to mend.亡羊补牢未为晚也。(3)a little, a bit, rather, a lot, all, much等都可以修饰too，表示不同的程度。Very, fairly, qu

50、ite, pretty等词不能用来修饰too.Joan tried on the skirt. It was a bit too big for her.11.when=at that time 这时，在那时（表示动作发生的突然性）in ones opinion 在某人看来12.personally(就自己而言，就我个人而言), as far as I（在我看来）13.be equal to 与相等/平等be equal to (doing) sth. 胜任（做）某事14. struggle to do sth. 努力去做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来strugg

51、le against 与作斗争 +反对的对象struggle for 为（争取）而斗争/奋斗 +目的struggle with （1）与作斗争，（2）和一起搏斗15.judge v. 判断，断定；估计，评价judging from/by 根据判断16.be content to do sth. 对(做) 满意be content with sth. 17.skill n. 技术，技能，技巧skilled adj. 有技能的，熟练的；需要特殊技能的be skilled in 熟悉/擅长18.used adj. 习惯的，使用过的 useful adj. 有用的，有益的 useless adj无用的

52、uselessness n. 无用，无效二重点语法1一般过去时构成和句式：构成：主语+动词过去式或be(was, were)句式：否定句not加在did或be后，疑问句把did或be提到主语前。用法：（1） 表过去某一时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。I visited the Water Cube a month ago.（2）表示过去一段时间经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。We sometimes went to swim last summer.（3）表示过去相继发生的一系列的连续动作。He got up, washed his face, and went to school by bus.（4）在时间、条件、让步、方式等从句中表示过去将来的动作。Tom said he would come if I promised to wait for him.（5）used to do或would do表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。I used to