[语言类考试复习资料大全]公共英语五级模拟37_1

1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全公共英语五级模拟37公共英语五级模拟37Section Listening ComprehensionDirections: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are th

2、ree parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet, NOT on the ANSWER SHEET. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer your answers from your test bookl

3、et onto ANSWER SHEET 1. If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW, as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A You will hear a talk about a different culture. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALS

4、E. Youll hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 1-10. (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1. In 1991 Philippines witnessed the second largest volcanic eruption that hit an area with large population.答案:B听力原文1-10 The second-largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, and by far the la

5、rgest eruption to affect a densely populated area, occurred at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines on June 15, 1991. The eruption produced high-speed massive falling of hot ash and gas, giant mudflows, and a cloud of volcanic ash hundreds of miles across. The impacts of the eruption continue to this d

6、ay. A huge cloud of volcanic ash and gas rose above Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, on June 12, 1991. Three days later, the volcano exploded in the second-largest volcanic eruption on Earth in this century. Timely forecasts of this eruption by scientists from the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and

7、 Seismology and the US Geological Survey enabled people living near the volcano to evacuate to safer distances, saving at least 5 000 lives. On July 16, 1990, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake (comparable in size to the great 1906 San Francisco, California, earthquake) struck about 60 miles (100 kilometers

8、) northeast of Mount Pinatubo on the island of Luzon in the Philippines, shaking and squeezing the Earths crust beneath the volcano. At Mount Pinatubo, this major earthquake caused a landslide, some local earthquakes, and a short-lived increase in steam emissions from a pre-existing geothermal area,

9、 but otherwise the volcano seemed to be continuing its 500year-old sleep undisturbed. In March and April 1991, however, molten rock rising toward the surface from more than 20 miles beneath Pinatubo triggered small earthquakes and caused powerful steam explosions that blasted three outlets on the no

10、rth flank of the volcano. Thousands of small earthquakes occurred beneath Pinatubo through April, May, and early June, and many thousand tons of noxious sulfur dioxide gas were also emitted by the volcano. Following Mount Pinatubos disastrous eruption on June 15, 1991, thou sands of roofs collapsed

11、under the weight of ash made wet by heavy rains. Ash deposits from the eruption have also been remobilized by monsoon and typhoon rains to form giant mudflows of volcanic materials, which have caused more destruction than the eruption itself. Nearly 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide were injected in

12、to the upper atmosphere in Pinatubos 1991 eruptions, and dispersal of this gas cloud around the world caused global temperatures to drop temporarily (1991 through 1993) by about 1 degree. The eruptions have dramatically changed the face of central Luzon, home to about 3 million people. About 20 000

13、indigenous Aeta highlanders, who had lived on the slopes of the volcano, were completely displaced, and most still wait in resettlement camps for the day when they can return home. About 200 000 people who evacuated from the lowlands surrounding Pinatubo before and during the eruptions have returned

14、 home but face continuing threats from lahars that have already buried numerous towns and villages. Rice paddies and sugar-cane fields that have not been buried by lahars have recovered; those buried by lahars will be out of use for years to come. 独白第一句即指出：The second-largest volcanic eruption. on Ju

15、ne 15, 1991，但题句中没有of the 20th century这限定词，因此the second-largest volcanic eruption所指不对，故题句是错误的。2. The volcanic eruption affected hundreds of miles across in Philippines.答案:A独白第二句指出：The eruption produced. hundreds of miles across，即这次火山爆发影响的范围有数百英里，题句是正确的。3. The eruption also caused huge mudflows.答案:A本题

16、同样对应于独白第二句话：The eruption produced. giant mudflows (爆发引起了巨大的泥流)，因此题句是正确的。4. The volcano became active on June 12, 1991.答案:A题句意为“那座火山在1991年6月12日就活动了”，由独白第二段第一句中的动词rose above即可知这是正确的。5. About 5 000 residents evacuated from the affected area.答案:B独白最后一段倒数第二句中指出疏散的人数是200 000人：About 200 000 people who evac

17、uated from.，故题句错误。5 000出现在第二段最后一句，但指的是挽救的人数，不是疏散的人数。6. The volcanic activity in Philippines in 1991 was caused by a major earthquake.答案:A由独白第三段第一句至第三句可知，这次火山爆发是由1990年7月的一次地震激发的，因此题句是正确的。7. Minor earthquakes due to the rising molten rocks triggered the volcano in Philippines in 1991.答案:B独白第三段倒数第四句指出：

18、In March and April 1991. triggered small earthquakes and caused. the volcano，即升到地表的熔岩引起了许多小地震，使得火山强大的蒸汽在火山北侧炸出了3个出口。将题句与这一句进行对照可知题句是错误的，因为并不是这些小地震激发了火山的爆发。8. On June 15, 1991, thousands of roofs collapsed due to the wet volcanic ash deposits.答案:B题句中的时间状语on June 15, 1991与独白第三段倒数第二句中的Following Mount P

19、inatubos disastrous eruption on June 15, 1991不符，因此题句是错误的。9. Pinatubos 1991 eruptions deepened the global environment pollution.答案:B独白最后一段说明的是这次火山爆发的后果。该段第一句和第二句只是说爆发使得全球气温暂时下降1度及使得Luzon中心地带的地表完全改变，并没有说它对全球环境造成污染，因此题句错误。10. Some people have returned home despite the possible danger.答案:A独自倒数第二句中说：Abou

20、t 200 000 people. have returned home but face continuing threats from lahars.，即一些被疏散的人回到了家，但受到火山泥流的持续威胁，与题句意思是一致的。Part B (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1. What is the positive side of pruritus?A.It arises from the irritation of skin cells or nerve cells.B.It can be an unbearable nuisance.C.It is a dominant sy

21、mptom of many skin diseases.D.It serves as a sensory and self-protective mechanism.答案:D听力原文14-16M: An itch, also known as pruritus, is a general sensation arising from the irritation of skin cells or nerve cells associated with the skin. While it can be a nuisance, pruritus serves as an important se

22、nsory and self-protective mechanism, as do other skin sensations such as touch, pain, vibration, cold and heat. It can alert us to harmful external agents, but can become unbearable if not treated. Pruritus is a dominant symptom of many skin diseases and also occurs in some diseases that affect the

23、entire body. An itching sensation of the skin arises due to stimulation of itch-sensing nerve endings by mechanical, thermal or chemical mediators. Stimulation by any of these agents is typically related to inflammation, dryness or other damage to the skin, mucous membranes or conjunctiva of the eye

24、. In general, pruritus involves activation of the pruriceptors of specialized nerve cells called C-fibers. These C-fibers are identical to those associated with the sensation of pain, but they are functionally distinct and only convey the itch sensationthey comprise about 5 percent of the total C-fi

25、bers in human skin. When stimulated superficially on the skin, these C-fibers carry signals along the nerve to the spinal cord and on to the brain, where they are processed, generating a scratching or rubbing reflex response. Scratching and rubbing then interfere with the sensations arising from pru

26、riceptors by stimulating various pain and touch receptors in the same areas. Though it is helpful in relieving the itch, scratching offers only temporary relief and may cause the skin to become further irritated and possibly tear, which could result in an infection. Despite approximately a century o

27、f pruritus research, there is no single effective anti-itching treatment, but several topical and orally-administered agents are available that suppress itching in certain clinical settings. These agents include lotions and creams (such as calamine and hydrocortisone), antihistamines, opioid antagon

28、ists, aspirin and ultraviolet light therapy. 2. What in a human body generates a scratching or rubbing?A.C-fibers.B.Brain.C.Nerve.D.Spinal cord.答案:B3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an itching-suppressing agent?A.Antihistamines.B.Aspirin.C.Cologne.D.Ultraviolet light therapy.答案:C (如需获取本M

29、P3听力录音请搜索标题名) 4. What is the main topic of the talk?A.How quartz sand is formed.B.How underground water differs.C.How rain is formed.D.How water tables change.答案:B听力原文18-20 Last week we were discussing the way weather conditions wear away rock. At that time in talking about how rainwater affects roc

30、k, we concentrated on what happens to the rock. Today well talk about what happens to the water. You know that rainwater usually alters rocks and soil chemically as it filters into the ground. This process results in ground water that contains dissolved irons and other materials from the plant and a

31、nimal life on and in the soil. We use the terms soft-water and hard water to indicate the extent to which water has minerals dissolved in it. Soft water has few impurities or none at all. Hard water contains calcium plus other dissolved minerals. Hard water is normally drinkable, but it may have a s

32、light taste because of the various irons in solution. One place where hard ground water can be found is below the water table in the soil-covered terrain with an underlying calcium base of limestone. Rainwater dissolves materials as it filters down, and these contribute to the ground waters taste an

33、d hardness. We can sometimes find ground water that is almost dissolved as rainwater under a bare sandy hill or sand dune that is made of pure quartz sand. Analysis of such ground water showed that it has about the same amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in it as rainwater does and little else. This

34、 is because quartz is so insoluble that for practical purposes it is inert and adds no dissolved substances to the water as it seeps into the ground. Now in view of the geological make-up of our own region, would you expect our ground water to be primarily hard or soft? Please look into the problem

35、and give me your answers next Monday. 5. What characteristics of hard water does the speaker mention?A.It is undrinkable.B.It has minerals in it.C.It is slightly colored.D.It only tastes horrible.答案:B6. What does the speaker say about quartz?A.It usually absorbs mineral impurities.B.It is rarely fou

36、nd in sand dunes.C.It does not dissolve in water.D.It wears away other rocks.答案:B (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 7. Which of the following statements is true according to the speaker?A.Most people have dictionaries but dont use them frequently.B.Most people dont have dictionaries but need them very often.C.Mo

37、st people have dictionaries and use them very often.D.Most people dont have dictionaries and seldom need them.答案:A听力原文 14-16 Today Id like to talk to you about dictionaries because most of you have them, but dont use them very often. Whenever I ask people what a dictionary is for, they almost always

38、 say that its to find the meaning of a word. Well, but thats really only a small part of the answer. Sure, a dictionary will tell you the meaning of a word, and it will also give you examples to show you how the word is used in a sentence, but it will also tell you how to pronounce a word youve alre

39、ady known the meaning of. And this is very important, because if you cant say a word correctly, then no one will understand you. Of course, learning the pronunciation symbols your dictionary uses will take a little time, but its worth it, believe me. Now think about when youre writing something, are

40、 you always sure of the spelling of every word? If not, what do you do? Do you just write it the way you think its spelled and hope its correct? Or, do you wait around for someone to tell you the spelling, or do you look for another word to use instead? What you should do is to open your dictionary

41、and check to see that if your spelling is correct. If it isnt, think of another way the word might be spelled and check that out. Through guessing and checking youre sure to find the right spelling. Another thing to help you when youre writing is the dictionary will tell you where each syllable of a

42、 word begins and ends. This is important information, because when you write in English, when you came to the end of the line on a piece of paper you cannot separate words where you want to, but only between syllables. So you can use your dictionary to find out if youre separating the word in the ri

43、ght place. 8. What do people usually think a dictionary is used for according to the speaker?A.Finding the part of speech of a word.B.Finding what a word means.C.Finding how to spell a word.D.Finding how to pronounce a word.答案:B9. What does the speaker suggest the readers do if they are not sure abo

44、ut the spelling of a word?A.Look for another word to use instead.B.Open a dictionary and check the spelling.C.Write it the way they think its spelled.D.Wait around for someone to tell them the spelling.答案:BPart C (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1. Whom will teenagers kill?答案: strangers and acquaintances2. How

45、is the nature of murder now?答案: It has changed3. What is the topic of the news report?答案: crimes in America4. According to the FBI, how many robberies were solved by the police last year in terms of percentage?答案:26 percent听力原文21-30 Serious crimes reported to police declined for the sixth straight y

46、ear in 1997, but the FBIs annual report shows that property crime usually pays in America-although not very much. While television and movies regularly show culprits captured, the FBIs annual crime report reveals a harsher truth: The overwhelming maj9rity of robbers, burglars, larcenists and auto th

47、ieves are not caught. On the upside, the FBI reported Sunday that serious violent and property crimes reported to police dropped by 2.4 percent last year to a total of 13.2 million. The murder rate plunged by 8.1 percent to its lowest level in 30 years. Murder, aggravated assault, rape, robbery, bur

48、glary, larceny-theft and auto theft all declined in number and in rate in every region of the country. But attorney General Janet Reno cautioned that they still had not won the war on crime. The FBI also reported that police last year solved only 26 percent of the robberies, 20 percent of the larcen

49、y-thefts and 14 percent of the burglaries and auto thefts. Worse, Justice Department surveys of the public have shown for years that more than half of the crimes in America are never reported to police. Only about a quarter of burglaries get reported, said professor Alfred Blumstein of Carnegie-Mell

50、on University in Pittsburgh. Even fewer larcenies-typically something snatched from a car, shoplifting or a stolen bicycle-are reported. Solution rates for these four crimes have remained virtually unchanged for 20 years. Either the police happen upon the crime or the victim knows the offender, Blum

51、stein said. Without those, chances of solving a crime are minimal. In robberies, victims see the offender, though its usually a stranger, he said. Thats why robberies are solved more often than burglaries, larcenies or auto thefts in which victim and thief rarely meet. Aggravated assaults are solved

52、 much more frequently58 percent of the time last yearbecause the victim more often knows the attacker and provides more help catching the culprit, Blumstein noted. Rapes are solved 51 percent of the time. Most burglaries are committed by a hard-core element, said St. Louis Mayor Clarence Harmon, for

53、merly his citys police chief. We may arrest and convict them for the 50th burglary theyve committed but be unable to convict them for lack of evidence for the previous 49. Thats why community policing is the best way to increase the closure rate, Harmon said. The community provides most of the infor

54、mation police use in solving crimes. Where high numbers of crimes remain unsolved, you often have a community estranged from its police department. On average, property criminals make little profit, not worth even the small chance of detection for most Americans. In 1997, the average robbery loss wa

55、s 995, ranging from a high of 4,802 in bank robberies to a low of 576 at convenience stores, the FBI said. On average, burglars made off with 1,334, larcenists stole 585 and auto thieves took cars worth 5,416. But those figures overstate the criminals gain. Those are the losses reported by the victi

56、ms, often to insurance companies. Robbers usually take cash, but the burglars gain is much less, because he takes property that has to be sold to fences at a discount, Blumstein said. And many of the auto thefts end up as joy rides. Few people with jobs turn to such crime, Blumstein said, but it can

57、 tempt unskilled people if an economic downturn puts them out of work. The most frequently solved crime is murder66 percent of the time last year. That is significantly lower than the 78 percent solved in 1975. The homicide solution rate dropped in the late 1970s and the 1980s, then plateaued in the 1990s, because the typical murder changed over the last 25 years, said James Alan Fox, dean of the college of criminal justice at Northeastern University in Boston. Adults tend to kill people they know very well, f