经济学原理试题

1、1、The primary focus of economics is on: (A)A、The related problems of scarcity and choiceB、How to make money on the stock marketC、Why there are no choices to be madeD、Mathematical estimation of theoretical models2、When there are insufficient resources to satisfy all individual wants;(D)A Government h

2、as to decide which wants go unsatisfiedB、A market system must be implementedC Choices must be made.D、Prices must rise3、The primary implication of scarcity is that; (C)A、One should never wait until tomorrow to buy something that is available today.B、Government planning is required to determine how re

3、sources are to be usedC、Choice must be madeD The standard of living will decline over time.4、Time: (D)A、is not a scarce resource because theres always tomonowB、Is a scarce resource for producers, but not for consumersC、Is a scarce resource for consumers but not for producersD、is a scarce resource fo

4、r everyone5、Economics is about how individuals and countries; (A)A、Satisfy unlimited wants with limited resources;B、Satisfy limited wants with unlimited resourcesC、Satisfy unlimited wants with unlimited resources.D、Satisfy limited wants with limited resources6 Scarcity; (D)A、Reflects greedB、indicate

5、s the need for a control planning authorityC Indicates the need for free marketsD、Requires making choices among alternatives.7、When resources are limited but wants are unlimited individuals must; (A)A、Make choices among available automotives.B、Put the public incrust before self-interestC、Become less

6、 greedyD、Reduce their expectations8、In the United States, the question of which goods are produced, and in what Quantities, are primarily answered by: (D)A、The governmentB、ProducersC、Consumers and the governmentD Consumers and producers;9、The numbers of automobiles, televisions, and pizzas that are

7、produced at any point in time represent and answer to the basic economic question of ; (B)A How items are producedB、Which goods are produced, and in what quantities.C、For whom these items are producedD、Who makes economic decisions10、In the United States, goods are primarily produced for; (C)A、Those

8、who want there but cannot afford themB、Those who can afford them but do not want them;C、Those who want them and can afford them;D Those who need them but cannot afford them;11、Under a system of central planning;(D)A、The government is involved only in the basic economic question of which goods are pr

9、oduced;BThe government is involved only in the basic economic questions of how goods are producedC、The market system is left to function in less complex markets;D、The government answers the threes basic economic questions;12、When economists talk about a mixed economy they referring to the; (B)A、Inte

10、rlaken between the product and labor markets;B、Observation that both government and individuals make decisions;C、Interaction between consumers and products;D Relationship between microeconomics and macroeconomics;13、The United States is an example of a economy, in which markets censuretheof the econ

11、omy and the government addresses concerns of (B)A、Centrally planned ; efficiency; equity;B、Mixed; efficiency; equity;C、Market: equity; efficiency;D、Mixed: equity; efficiency;14、Markets: (D)A、Allow buyers and sellers to communicate their desire to make exchangesB、Will not resolve the question of how

12、much of each good is producedC、Will not resolve the economic question of for whom goods are produced:D、Eliminate scarcity and the problems associated with limited resources.(肖U减)15 in a market economy; the questions of which goods are produced, and in what quantities, are answered by; (D)A、the gover

13、nment;B、producersC、consumers and government;D、consumers and producers;16、The market system will not; (A)A、Provide individuals with all they want;B、Determine how goods are produced;C、Determine which goods are produced;D、Determine for who goods are produced17 、 All of the following, except one are acc

14、urate descriptions of the U.S. go-enunenfs role. Which is not true? (B)A、It sets the legal structure under which firms and individuals operateB、It answers the basic economic question of which goods are produced and in what quantities.C、It supplies goods and services not provided by the market;D、It a

15、ids many of those citizens who are disadvantaged18、In the product market; households; (B)A、are sellers of goods;B、are buyers of goods;C、determine how goods are produced;D、are sometimes buyers; sometimes sellers, of goods19、Microeconomics is that branch of economics that focuses primarily on: (D)A、in

16、flation and unemployment;B、Behavior in highly aggregated markets;C、Economic growth in less developed countries;D、The behavior of firms, households, and individuals20、All of the following except one ,would an appropriate focus of study for microeconomics Which is not? (B)A、The determination of prices

17、 in the computer industry;B、The determination of the rate of inflation;C、The level of production by a firm in the compact disc industryD、The interaction of supply and demand in the corn market21、Macroeconomics is that branch of economics that focuses primarily on: (C)A、Market economies;B、The behavio

18、r of individual units;C、Economic aggregates such as unemployment and inflation;D、Centrally planned economies;22 Positive economics; (D)A、Is of no help in making judgments;B、Concerns what should be;C Is a subset of normative economics;D、Predicts 什w consequences of actions;23 Which of the following is

19、 a positive economic statement? (C)A、Unemployment insurance is too low;B、Lowering unemployment is more important than curbing inflationC、The typical doctor earns more than the typical blue-collar worker;D、Unemployment insurance is too high24、Normative economics; (C)A、Describes how the economy operat

20、es;B、Focuses on what is ;C、Concerns what should be;D、Predicts the consequences of actions;25representsA、macroeconomic analysis;B、a shot in the dark;C、microeconomic analysis.D、positive economic analysis.26、The belief that individuals weigh the costs and benefits of each possibility open to them is re

21、ferred to as the assumption of; (A)A、opportunity cost;B、scarcity;C、production possibilities;D、rational choice;27、Tlie economises assumption of rational choice is based on the expectation that individuals: (B)A、Use economic models to make choicesB、Make choices and decisions in pursuit of self-interes

22、t;C、Collect all possible information prior to making a choiceD、All have the same preferences;28、In their study of rational consumers, economists focus on; (C)A、What determines the goals and desires of consumers;B、Why different consumers have different preferences;C、How consumerspreferences affect th

23、e choices consumers make;D、Wliy consumersprefeiences change over time;29、Rationality in the case of fins is taken to man that they strive to : (A)A、Maximize profits;B、Charge the highest possible price;C、Maximize revenues;D、Sell the highest quantity prosodic;30、Competitive markets are efficient This

24、means that; (D)A、Scarcity is eliminated;B、it is possible to produce more of all goods with existing resources;C、The only way to produce more is to put currently idle resources to work;D、it is not possible to produce more on one good without producing less of some other good31、Which of the following

25、is the most eccentrically efficient method of allocating resources? (B)A、LotteriesB、pricesC、RationingD、first-come, first served32、Assume that pizza and Coke are the only two goods available to Ian. The price of Coke is S2 per pitcher and Pizza is $1 per slice If lane has $20 to spend, which graphin

26、Figure represents lan s budget constraint?A、Graph aB、Graph b(D)Pizza33、Anthony spends all his income on loaves of brand and fish Bread costs S2 per loaf and fish are SS Anthonyincome is S20 Wliicli of the following combinations of loaves and fish lies on Anthony budget constraint? (B)A、4 loaves and

27、3 fishB、5 loaves and 2 fishC、6 loaves and 2 fishD、7 loaves and 2 fish34、Figure 2 shows Clmstopheis budget constraint What is the price of attending a movi亡 if Clmstophers income is $ 30?(A)A、$ 1.5concertsD、S1535、Karen sleeps eight hours a night, and works eight hours a day She spends the remaining e

28、ight hours swimming and watching TV. If the were to ignore the time she spends working and sleeping her time constraint would indicate; (A)A、The various combinations of hours she can devote to swimming and watching TV.B、Which TV shows she watches;C、How many TV shows she could watch if she did not go

29、 swimming;D、Which TV shows she could watch and how many lengths of the pools she could swim;36、A production possibilities curve defined over guns and butter shows;(B)A、How much land the country needs to produce guns and butter;B、The maximum amount of guns that can be produced for each amount of butt

30、er producedCx The minimum amount of guns and butter required by the country given its population;D、The minimum amount of guns that can be produced for each remount of butter produced;37、A countrys production possibilities curve is downward-sloping because;(D)A、Resources are equally well equipped for

31、 the production of any good:B、The more a countrys inhabitants have of anything the lower is the value the paler on having more of it C、Some resources are better equipped for the production of one good than another;D、If we want to produce more of one good We must sacrifice some production of the othe

32、r good;38、If a countrys production possibilities curve bows outward ,this indicates that;(D)A、to produces more of one good the country must sacrifice intrudingly large amounts of the other good;B、Scarcity is less of a problem the more of the country produces;C、The country faces fixed trade-offs;D、Th

33、e country can produce more of all goods simultaneously;39、Figure 3 hows a countryproduction possibilities curve defined over hamburgersand machines. At which insufficient!y?(D)A、Point Apoint can theB、Point EHamburgerscountry be said to be producingC、Point CD、Point D40、Figure 3 shows a countrys produ

34、ction possibility curve defined over hamburgers and machines. Which of the following statement about point C is correct? (C)A、It represents a combination of hamburgers and machines production that is less desirable than point EB、It reflects inefficient productionC、It reflects an unattainable combina

35、tion of hamburgers and machines;D、It reflects idle resources;41、The opportunity cost of an activity is: (B)A、The amount of money spent on the activity;B、The ncx卜he use of the resources devoted to the activity;C Any cost that cannot be recovered;D、The value of the time spent on that activity.42、Tlw s

36、aying there no such thing as a free lunch is based on the premise that: (C)A、Foot banks do not exist.B、Food banks should not exist;C、Everything has and opportunity cost;D、Governments always subsidize food production;43、Jean has just begun attending college. Which of the following should not beinclud

37、ed in the opportunity cost of this activity ?(B)A、tuition feesB、the value of the meals she consumesC、the value of books she purchases for courses;D the wages she could have earned and she not gone to college44、The slope of a vertical line is (D)A、zeroB、PositiveC、negativeD、Infinite45、Choices of indiv

38、iduals and films are limited by: (D)A time constraintsB、production possibilitiesC budget constraintsD、all of the above;46、Individuals or countries trade with each other because they (C)A、are concerned with increasing societys welfare;B、Cannot consume all they produce;C、Expect to gain as result of th

39、e trade;D、Have to dispose of excess resources;47 One of the principal advantages of trade is that allows countries to;(A)A、specialize according to comparative advantageB、Dispose of excess supplies of goods that they do not want;C、Share equally in the potential gains from trade;D、Leave the exchange f

40、eeling that they have been treated fairly.48、When the forces of supply and demand operate freely, the effects of a drought on the corn harvest will be indicated in the market by (B)A、government-imposed limits on individuals9 purchases of coni;B、An increase in the price of cornC、Advertisements in the

41、 newspapers advising people to reduce consumption;D A reduction in the price of corn49 The concept of demand refers to the quantity of a good that buyers ( B)A、would like to buy at a given price;B、Need to maximize satisfaction.C、Are able to purchase in the marketplaceD、Would purchase if they had unl

42、imited income.50、The curve that describes the quantities of a product that a buyer would like to purchase at different prices is called the:A、demand curveB、supply curveC、production possibilities curveD、budget constraint51、The demand curve is downward sloping which means that the quantity demanded fo

43、r a good when its price(D)An rises; risesB、falls; fallsC、is unchanged; fallsD、rises; falls 52、An individual is typically willing to purchase more of a good at low prices than at high prices, which implies that the individual demand curve will be;(C)A、horizontalB、verticalC、downward slopingD、of indete

44、rminate shape53、The market demand curve is (B)A、derived by vertically summing the individual demand curves at each quantity;B、derived by horizontally summing the individual demand curves at each price;C、derived by vertically summing the individual demand curves at each price;D、Independent of the ind

45、ividual demand curves;54、Figure 4 shows two individualsdemand ounces for the same product. If these are the only two individuals in the economy market demand at a price of S4 will be: (D)A、10 unitsB、15 unitsC、20 units D、25 units55、A decline in consumers income will nomially cause; (A)A、the demand cu

46、rve to shift to the left;B、A movement along the demand curve such that quantity demanded declines;C、An individual to increase consumption of any goods she purchases;D、A movement along the demand curve such that quantity demanded increases;56、If and increase in the price of good A leads to a rightwar

47、d shift in the demand for good B. we would conclude that A and B: (A)A、are substitutes;B、could be either substitutes or complementsC、are unrelated;D、are neither substitutes nor complements;57 Which of the following factors is most likely to lead to a shift in the demand curve for movie tickets? (C)A

48、、A change in the price of attending a movie;B、A change in the size of movie theatersC、A change in the price of video rentals;D、Would buy at a given price;58、The concept of supply refers to the quantity of a good that firms: (C)A Need to sell if they are to make positive profits;B、Are able to sell in

49、 the marketplaceC、Would like to sell at a given priceD、Would buy at a given price59、By the tenn “supply curve； economists mean the cure describing the relationship between price and the quantity supplied This focus on price means (D)A、economists believe price is the only factor that influences quant

50、ity suppliedB、Prices is the only factor that influences quantity supplied;C、economists are inappropriately overlooking other influences on quantity supplied;D、economists are assuming that other influences quantity supplied are constant so that the effect of price can be isolated,60、The supply curve

51、is upward sloping which means that the quantity supplied of agood when its price(A)A、rises; risesB、falls; fallsC、is unchanged; fallsD、rises; falls61、firm is typically willing to offer more of a good for sale at high prices than at low pries which implies that the films supply curve will be;(C)A、hori

52、zontalB、verticalC upward slopingD、downward sloping62、An increase in the price of an input will normally cause; (D)A a movement along the supply curve such that quantity supplied decanis;B、The supply curve to shift to the rightC、A firm to increase the amount it offers for saleD、The supply curve to sh

53、ift to the left;63、A technological improvement will normally cause; (A)A、the supply curve to shift the rightB、A movement along the supply curve such that quantity supplied declines;C、The supply curve to shift to left;D、An individualist to inverse consumption of any goods she purchases64、The quantity

54、 supplied is influenced by both changes in price and changes in variables other than price Changes in result in the supply curve(B)A、variables other than price; movements alongB、variables other than price; shifts ofC price; shifts ofD、input prices; movements along65 At the equilibrium price; (D)A、th

55、e quantity demanded exceeds the quantity suppliedB、Both consumers and films think the price is fair.C、the quantity supplied encodes the quantity demandedD、the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied66、Excess demand will exist whenever;(A)A、the actual price is below the equilibrium price;B、The

56、 price is such that the quantity demanded equals the quantity suppliedC、Scarcity has been eliminatedD、The actual price is above the equilibrium price.67、If the market price for a good is such that consumer wish to buy more of the goodthan films are offering for sale. The excesswill tend to cause to (A)A、demand; fallB、supply; riseC、price; fallD、demand; rise68、If the price of a substitute for candy bars were to rise, the demand curve for candybars would shift to th