[语言类考试复习资料大全]公共英语五级分类模拟题21

1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全公共英语五级分类模拟题21公共英语五级分类模拟题21Section Use of English Recent surveys show that Japanese youth have become a Me Generation that rejects traditional values. Around 1980 many Japanese, 1 young people abandoned the values of economic success and began 2 for new s

2、ets of values to 3 them happiness, writes sociologist Yasuhiro in Comparative Civilizations Review. Japanese youth are placing more importance on the individuals pursuit of 4 and less on the values of work, family, and society. Japanese students seem to be losing patience with work, 5 their counterp

3、arts in the United States and Korea. In a 1993 6 of college students in the three countries, only 10% of the Japanese regarded 7 as a primary value compared with 47% of Korean students and 27% of American students. A greater 8 of Japanese aged 1824 also preferred easy jobs 9 heavy responsibility. Th

4、e younger Japanese are showing less concern for family values as they pursue an inner world of private satisfaction. Data collected 10 the Japanese government in 1993 shows that only 23% of Japanese youth are thinking about supporting their aged parents, in contrast 11 63% of young Americans. It app

5、ears that many younger-generation Japanese are 12 both respect for their parents 13 a sense of responsibility to the family. Author Yoshizaki attributes the change 14 Japanese parents ! over-indulgence of their children, material affluence, and growing 15 for private matters. The shift 16 individual

6、ism among Japanese is most pronounced among 17 very young.According to 1991 data 18 the Bunka Center of Japan, 50% of Japanese youth aged 1619 can be labeled self-centered compared with 33% among 19 aged 25-29. To earn the self-centered label, the young people responded positively to 20 ideas as I w

7、ould like to make decisions without considering traditional values and I dont want to do anything I cant enjoy doing. 1.答案:especially解析 “Around 1980 manyJapanese，_young people”，“1980年左右许多日本人，尤其是年轻人”，所以此处应填“especially”。2.答案:looking解析 与介词for的固定搭配，意为“寻求”，这里指的是寻求新的价值观。所以此处应填“looking”。3.答案:bring解析 根据上下文，

8、此处意思为给他们带来快乐。带来用动词“bring”。所以此处应填“bring”。4.答案:happiness解析 根据上下文，日本年轻人更看重追求个人的幸福。所以此处应填“happiness”。5.答案:unlike解析 根据下文，以日本学生与美国和韩国的作对比，日本的学生不像韩国和美国的学生一样。所以此处应填“unlike”。6.答案:survey解析 根据后面的数据，空缺处指的是1993年的一项调查问卷，所以此处应填“survey”。7.答案:work解析 根据上文，对比的是对工作的态度，所以此处应填“work”。8.答案:proportion解析 此处意为很大比例的学生仍然喜欢简单的工作

9、，所以此处应填“proportion”。9.答案:without解析 此处意为年轻人更喜欢没有重大责任的简单工作。所以此处应填“without”。10.答案:by解析 由日本政府收集的数据。考查被动语态的用法，“由”用介词“by”。所以此处应填“by”。11.答案:to解析 “in contrast to”为固定搭配，意为“与相对比”。所以此处应填“to”。12.答案:losing解析 根据上下文的意思，很多年轻一代的日本人已经不再尊重父母，不再对家庭有责任感，所以这里用。losing表示“渐渐失去了”。所以此处应填“losing”。13.答案:and解析 “bothand”为固定搭配，“两者

10、都”。所以此处应填“and”。14.答案:to解析 “attribute to”意为“把某事归因于”，为固定搭配，所以此处应填“to”。15.答案:concern解析 “concern for”表示“对关心”。所以此处应填“concern”。16.答案:to解析 “shift”意为“转变”，“从到的转变”应该用介词“to”。所以此处应填“to”。17.答案:the解析 此处缺冠词，在年轻人之间，用the表示特指。所以此处应填“the”。18.答案:from解析 “来自的数据”，要用介词“from”。所以此处应填“from”。19.答案:those解析 文章中提到“16-19岁之间的日本青年跟2

11、5-29岁之间的青年对比”，这里缺少代词，替代“Japaneseyouth”。所以此处应填“those”20.答案:such解析 “suchas”用来举例子。所以此处应填“such”。Section Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1 In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each

12、 one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of trash talk. The topics on his show are as shocking

13、 as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the eye, common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of societys moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intri

14、guing predicaments of other peoples lives. Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individuals quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, manag

15、ing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors. Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a final word. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most peo

16、ple will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The shows main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with lifes tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an assoc

17、iation with the young adults of society. These are 18-to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the shows exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day,

18、 both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world. 1. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer an

19、d the Oprah Winfrey are_ .A.more family-orientedB.unusually popularC.more profoundD.relatively formal答案:B2. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience_ .A.remain fascinated by themB.are ready to face up to themC.remain indifferent to themD.are willing to g

20、et involved in them答案:A3. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A.A new type of robot.B.Racist hatred.C.Family budget planning.D.Street violence.答案:C4. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both_ .A.ironicalB.sensitiveC.instructiveD.cynical答案:C

21、5. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows_ .A.have monopolized the talk show circuitB.exploit the weaknesses in human natureC.appear at different times of the dayD.are targeted at different audiences答案:DText 2 Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American

22、city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life, By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pu

23、lled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the end of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford i

24、t could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and

25、 1920, for example, some 250, 000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the City limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of c

26、ommuting, real estate developers added 800, 000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty yearslots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never occupied: there was always a huge surplus of subdivided but vacant land around Chicago and other citie

27、s. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carded out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepar

28、ed land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster tha

29、n population growth. 1. With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?A.Types of mass transportation.B.Instability of urban life.C.How supply and demand determine land use.D.The effects of mass transportation on urban expansion.答案:D2. The author mentions all of the following a

30、s effects of mass transportation on cities EXCEPT_.A.growth in city areaB.separation of commercial and residential districtsC.changes in life in the inner cityD.increasing standards of living答案:D3. Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago?A.To demonstrate positive and negative effects of

31、growth.B.To show that mass transit changed many cities.C.To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation.D.To contrast their rates of growth.答案:B4. According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion?A.it was expensive.B.It happened too slowly.C.It was unplanned.D.I

32、t created a demand for public transportation.答案:C5. The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city_.A.that is largeB.that is used as a model for land developmentC.where land development exceeded population growthD.with an excellent mass transportation system答案:CText 3 Un

33、til men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea were almost unknown. The main problem, of course, lies in air. How could air be provided to swimmers below the surface of the sea? Pictures made about 2,900 years ago in Asi

34、a show men swimming under the surface with air bags tied to their bodies. A pipe from the bag carried air into the swimmers mouth. But little progress was achieved in the invention of diving devices until about 1490, when the famous Italian painter, Leonardo da Vinci, designed a complete diving suit

35、. In 1680, an Italian professor invented a large air bag with a glass window to be worn over the divers head. To clean the air a breathing pipe went from the air bag, through another bag to remove moisture, and then again to the large air bag. The plan did not work, but it gave later inventors the i

36、dea of moving air around in diving devices. In 1819, a German, Augustus Siebe, developed a way of forcing air into the head-covering by a machine operated above the water. At last in 1837, he invented the hard-hat suit which was to be used for nearly a century. It had a metal covering for the head a

37、nd an air pipe attached to a machine above the water. It also had small openings to remove unwanted air. But there were two dangers to the diver inside the hard-hat suit. One was the sudden rise to the surface, caused by a too great supply of air. The other was the crushing of the body, caused by a

38、sudden diving into deep water. The sudden rise to the surface could kill the diver; a sudden dive could force his body up into the helmet, which could also result in death. Gradually the hard-hat suit was improved so that the diver could be given a constant supply of air. The diver could then move a

39、round under the ocean without worrying about the air supply. During the 1940s diving underwater without a special suit became popular. Instead, divers used a breathing device and a small covering made of rubber and glass over parts of the face. To improve the swimmers speed another new invention was

40、 used: a piece of rubber shaped like a giant foot, which was attached to each of the divers own feet. The manufacture of rubber breathing pipes made it possible for divers to float on the surface of the water, observing the marine life underneath them. A special rubber suit enabled them to be in col

41、d water for long periods, collecting specimens of animal and vegetable life that had never been obtained in the past. The most important advance, however, was the invention of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, which is called a scuba. Invented by two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Em

42、ile Gagnan, the scuba consists of a mouthpiece joined to one or two tanks of compressed air which are attached to the divers back. The scuba makes it possible for a diver-scientist to work 200 feet underwater or even deeper for several hours. As a result, scientists can now move around freely at gre

43、at depths, learning about the wonders of the sea. 1. In 1490 or so, the main progress mentioned in this passage wasA.an Italian professor invented a large air bag.B.men invented the best diving devices.C.an Italian painter designed a complete diving suit.D.an air bag.答案:C2. An invention of an Italia

44、n professorA.gave later inventors the idea of moving air around in diving devices.B.can clean the air.C.was used to remove moisture.D.was nothing but a plan.答案:D3. The German, Augustus Siebe, invented the hard-hat suit which was usedA.for nearly a hundred years.B.for almost a thousand years.C.for ov

45、er a century.D.for a century.答案:A4. Siebes invention was not a perfect one, becauseA.too great a supply of air could result in a sudden rise to the surface.B.a sudden dive into deep water could cause the crushing of the body.C.the air pipe attached to a machine could be above the surface.D.both A an

46、d B.答案:D5. The word scuba isA.a certain divers name.B.an original English word.C.named by the inventor.D.the first letters of five English words.答案:DPart B The year 1972 was marked by publication of a controversial book, The Limits to Growth. This study of the worlds future, done by a team of MIT sc

47、ientists with the aid of computer modes of the future of our society, forecast a planet-wide disaster unless humankind sharply limits its population growth and consumption of natural resources. 1 Many refused to believe that disaster is possible, probable, inevitableif we dont change our mode of run

48、ning Spaceship Earth. But for science fiction people were neither surprised nor outraged. The study was really old news to them. Theyd been making their own models of tomorrow and testing them all their lives. For what the scientists attempted with their computer model is very much like the thing th

49、at science fiction writers and readers have been doing for decades. Instead of using a computer to model a future world society, science fiction writers have used their human imaginations; This gives the writers some enormous advantages. 2 Science fiction writers are not in the business of predictin

50、g the future. They do something much more important. They try to show the many possible futures that lie open to us. For there is not simply a future, a time to come thats inevitable. Our future is built, hit by bit, minute by minute, by the actions of human beings. One vital role of science fiction

51、 is to show what kinds of future might result from certain kinds of human actions. 3 For while a scientists job has largely ended when hes reduced his data to tabular or graph form, the work of a science fiction writer is just beginning. His task is to convey the human story: the scientific basis fo

52、r the possible future of his story is merely the background. Perhaps merely is too limiting a word. Much of science fiction consists of precious little except the background, the basic idea, the gimmick. But the best of science fiction, the stories that make a lasting impact on generations of reader

53、s, are stories about people. The people may be non-human. They may be robots or other types of machines. But they will be people, in the sense that human readers can feel for them, share their joys and sorrows, their dangers and their ultimate successes. 4 The formula for telling a powerful story ha

54、s remained the same: create a strong character, a person of great strengths, capable of deep emotions and decisive action. Give him a weakness. Set him in conflict with another powerful characteror perhaps with nature. Let his exterior conflict be the mirror of the protagonists own interior conflict

55、, the clash of his desires, his own strength against his own weakness. And there you have a story. Whether its Abraham offering his only son to God, or Paris bringing ruin to Troy over a woman, or Hamlet and Claudius playing their deadly game, Faust seeking the worlds knowledge and powerthe stories

56、that stand out in the minds of the readers are those whose characters are unforgettable. 5 The writer of science fiction must show how these worlds and these futures affect human beings. And something much more important, he must show how human beings can and do literally create these future worlds. For our future is largely in our own hands. It doesnt come blindly rolling out of the heavens; it is the joint product of the actions of billions of human beings. This is a point thats easily forgotten in the rush of headlines and the hectic badgering o