2021-2021北京学位英语试卷及答案

1、2021-2021北京学位英语试卷及答案2011年5月北京本科学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案北京地区本科学士学位英语统一考试2011年05月07日北京成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案 (1)真题点评 (6) Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passagesin this part. Each passage is followed bysome questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choicesmar

2、ked A, B, C and D. You should decide onthe best choice and blacken thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 。Passage 1Questions I to 5 are based on thefollowing passage:Spending 50 minutes with a cell phoneclose to your ear is enough to change braincell activity in the part of the brainclosest to

3、 the antenna (天线). But whetherthat causes any harm is not clear,scientists at the National Institute ofHealth said at a conference last month,adding that the study will not likelysettle concerns of a link between cellphones and brain cancer. “What we showedis glucose (葡萄糖) metabolism (代谢)(asign of b

4、rain activity) increases in thebrain in people who were exposed to a cellphone in the area closest to the antenna,” said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study was published in the Journal of the American MedicalAssociation. (76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagneti

5、c fields caused by wireless phone signals 。Volkow said she was surprised that the weak electromagnetic radiation (电磁辐射) from cell phones could affect brain activity, but she said the findings do not shed any lighton whether cell phones cause cancer. “This study does not in any way indicate that. Wha

6、t the study does isto show the human brain is sensitiveto electromagnetic radiation fromcell phone exposures 。” Use o f thedevices has increased dramaticallysince they were introduced in theearly 1980s, with about 5 billion cellphones now in use worldwide 。Some studies have linked cellphone exposure

7、 to an increased risk ofbrain cancers, but a large study bu theWorld Health Organization did notoffer a clear answer to this.Volkows team studied 47 people whohad their brain examined while a cellphone was turned on for 50 minutes andanother while the phone was turned off.While there was no complete

8、 change inbrain metabolism, they found a 7percent increase in brain metabolismin the region closest to the cell phoneantenna when the phone was on 。(77)Experts said the results wereinteresting, but urged that they beunderstood with great care.“ Although the bio logicalsignificance, if any, of increa

9、sedglucose metabolism from too muchcell phone exposure is unknown, the results require furtherinvestigation,” Henry Lai of theUniversity of Washington in the U.S. and Dr. Lennart Hardell ofUniversity Hospital in Sweden,wrote in an article in JAMA. “Muchhas to be done to furtherinvestigate and unders

10、tand theseeffects 。” They wrote。 1. According to the passage, which of the following isTRUE? A. Cell phone use is dangerous 。 B. Cell phone use causes cancer 。 C. The human brain is an electromagnetic field 。 D. There are about 5 billion cell phone users in the world right now 。 2. Doctor Volkow was

11、 astonished because _。 A. her research has shed light on her understanding of cell phone B. she found that cell phone exposure is harmful to humanbrain C. she found that using a cell phone for about 50 minutes could influence or change brain activity D. human brain is not responsive to electromagnet

12、ic radiation3. According to thepassage, cell phones were launched _。A. in the late1970s B. between 1980 and 1985 B. in the late 1980s D. in the early 1990s4. What does the word “that” stand for in the second paragraph?A. Brain activity 。B. Her research findings 。C. The fact that cell phone use may c

13、ause cancer 。D. Her research progress 。 5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Harmful?B. Cell Phone Radiati0n: Is It Useful?C. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Healthy?D. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Weak?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on t

14、he following passage:Human beings have always had an ability to attend to several things at once. (78) Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new: Weve been driving while listening to car radios since they became popular in the 1930s. but there is no doubt that multitasking has reached a kind of wa

15、rp speed in the era of Web-enabled computers, when it has become routine to conduct several IM(及时通讯)conversations, watch TV and use the computer all at once。But whats the impact of this media consumption? And how are these multitasking devices changing how kids learn, reason and communicate with one

16、 another ?Social scientists and educators are just beginning to deal with these questions, but the researchers already have some strong opinions。(79)Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for todays fast-paced work placed, Many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend。

17、Kids that are instant messaging while doing homework, playing games online and watching TV, arent going to do well in the long run。On the positive side, multitasking students tend to be extraordinarily good at finding and using information. And probably because modern childhood centers around visual

18、(视觉的)rather than print media, they are especially skilled atanalyzing visual data and images。Many educators and psychologistssay parents need to actively ensurethat their teenagers break free ofuncontrollable engagement withscreens and spend time in the physicalcompany of human beingsa growingchalle

19、nge not just because technologyoffers such a handy option but becauseso many teenagers and college studentssay overcommitted(任务过量的)schedules drives much of theirmultitasking。Just as important is for parentsand educator to teach kids that itsvaluable, even essential, tooccasionally slow down, unplugs

20、 andtake time to enjoy life beyond thescreen。6. What is the main idea of thispassage?A. How is multitasking define (定义)in the information age?B. How do people see newtechnology and the social change itbrings about?C. How does technology changemodern family life?D. Whats the impact ofmultitasking on

21、young people?7. The expres sion “warp speed”in the first paragraph is closest inmeaning to_。A. Low speedB. Too much time alone。C. high speedD. steady speed8. According to some teenagersand college students ,what causestheir multitasking?A. Overcommitted schedulesB. Too much time aloneC. Inability to

22、 focusD. Fear of being neglected9. According to the passage,which of the following statement isTRUE?A. Humans have begun to engagein the multitasking behaviors sincethe information age。B. Multitasking is a criticalskill that students are required tolearn at school。C. Only parents can help theirkids

23、to get rid of the multitaskinghabits。D. multitasking may preparestudents for the reality oftodays fast-paces workenvironment。10. What do educators andpsychologist advise parents to dotheir multitasking kids?A. To cut off home internetconnection。B. To seek medical treatment。C. To encourage their kids

24、 tohave some social life。D. to help their kids to setpersonal goalsPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based onthe following passage:The nuclear power emergency at aJapanese atomic power plant lastMarch could lead to a majorre-examination in Europeancountries that are already buildingsuch plants or are

25、considering ashift from fossil(化石) fuels tonuclear energy to fight climatechange. With the terrible accident25 years ago in Chernobyl(切尔诺贝利) beginning to fade in EuropeanMemories, governments across Europehave grown more open to using morenuclear power. Enthusiasm fornuclear power is particularly st

26、rongin Eastern Europe, which wants tomove away from dependence on Russianoil and natural gas, and on heavilypolluting coal-fired power plants.Eastern governments have begunimproving existing nuclear plants orare building or planning new ones.But as Japan struggled to deal withher nuclear crises, dis

27、cussion about the good and the bad of nuclear power became heated。(80)In Germany, nuclear power has beena repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for decades。 Up to 70 percent of Germans oppose nuclear power. Recently about 40,000 people turned out to form a human chain near a nuclear plant to prote

28、st government policies on nuclear power. “The accident in Japan could lead to a major rethink in Europe,” said Hen rik Paulitz of the International Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War. “Governments have not been quite open about the safety levels of the nuclear power plants。”Chancellor(总理) Ang

29、ela Merkel heads a center-right unity government that supports the use of nuclear power. Her government recently made a disputed decision to extend the life of the countrys 17 nuclear power plants by an average of 12 years. She will now face more pressure the change that policy. She called an emerge

30、ncy meeting with her senior ministers. “We know how safe our plants are and that we do not face a threat from such a serious earthquake or violent tidal wave,” Mrs. Merkel said after the meeting. “We will learn what we can from the events in Japan。”11. According to the passage, which of the followin

31、g about Europe is TRUE?A. It is dependent on Russia for gas and oil。B. It has put an end to fossil fuels。C. It had a major nuclear accidentthis year。D. It is likely that they wouldrethink their nuclear power policies。12. According to the passage,all the following statements aboutEastern Europe are t

32、rue EXCEPT_ 。A. they are eager to build newnuclear power plantsB. they have totally forgotten theChernobyl accident 25 years agoC. they have improved theirnuclear power plantsD. they want energy independence13. In the second paragraph, theauthor mainly discusses_。A. the nuclear accidents in Japanlas

33、t MarchB. nuclear power policies inGermanyC. German attitude towardsnuclear powerD. the safety levels of nuclearpower plants in Germany14. The word “heads” in thethird paragraph can be best replacedby _ 。A. leadsB. topsC.minds D. arms15. Which of the following is anappropriate title for this passage

34、?A. Japans Nuclear CrisisCauses Fear in Europe。B. The Chernobyl Disaster HelpsEurope Better Understand NuclearPower Energy。C. German Governments SupportsNuclear Power Energy。D. Germany Has Learnt a LessonFrom Japan。Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based onthe following passage:The nuclear power emerg

35、ency ata Japanese atomic power plant lastMarch could lead to a majorre-examination in Europeancountries that are already buildingsuch plants or are considering ashift from fossil(化石) fuels tonuclear energy to fight climatechange. With the terrible accident25 years ago in Chernobyl(切尔诺贝利) beginning t

36、o fade in EuropeanMemories, governments acrossEurope have grown more open to usingmore nuclear power. Enthusiasm fornuclear power is particularlystrong in Eastern Europe, whichwants to move away from dependenceon Russian oil and natural gas, andon heavily polluting coal-firedpower plants. Eastern go

37、vernmentshave begun improving existingnuclear plants or are building orplanning new ones. But as Japanstruggled to deal with her nuclearcrises, discussion about the goodand the bad of nuclear power becameheated。(80)In Germany, nuclear powerhas been a repeatedly argued andwidely felt issue for decade

38、s。 Up to70 percent of Germans oppose nuclearpower. Recently about 40,000 peopleturned out to form a human chain neara nuclear plant to protestgovernment policies on nuclear power.“The accident in Japan could lead toa major rethink in Europe,” saidHenrik Paulitz of the InternationalDoctors for the Pr

39、evention ofNuclear War. “Governments have notbeen quite open about the safetylevels of the nuclear powerplants。”Chancellor(总理) Angela Merkelheads a center-right unitygovernment that supports the use ofnuclear power. Her governmentrecently made a disputed decision toextend the life of the countrys 17

40、nuclear power plants by an average of12 years. She will now face morepressure the change that policy. Shecalled an emergency meeting with hersenior ministers. “We know how safeour plants are and that we do not facea threat from such a seriousearthquake or violent tidal wave,”Mrs. Merkel said after t

41、he meeting.“We will learn what we can from theevents in Japan。”11. According to the passage, which of the following about Europe is TRUE?A. It is dependent on Russia for gas and oil。B. It has put an end to fossil fuels。C. It had a major nuclear accident this year。D. It is likely that they would reth

42、ink their nuclear power policies。12. According to the passage, all the following statements about Eastern Europe are true EXCEPT _ 。A. they are eager to build new nuclear power plantsB. they have totally forgotten the Chernobyl accident 25 years agoC. they have improved their nuclear power plantsD.

43、they want energy independence13. In the second paragraph, the author mainly discusses_。A. the nuclear accidents in Japan last MarchB. nuclear power policies in GermanyC. German attitude towards nuclear powerD. the safety levels of nuclear power plants in Germany14. The word “heads” in thethird parag

44、raph can be best replacedby _ 。A. leadsB. topsC.minds D. arms15. Which of the following is anappropriate title for this passage?A. Japans Nuclear Crisis CausesFear in Europe。B. The Chernobyl Disaster HelpsEurope Better Understand NuclearPower Energy。C. German Governments SupportsNuclear Power Energy

45、。D. Germany Has Learnt a LessonFrom Japan。39. Stephen Bullon is the only manin the village today that hassurvived the war。A. liveB.lived C. alive D.active40. As she entered the room shecould see big bright lights hung fromthe 。A. roofB.top C. ceiling D.height41. Those experiments have laid asolid fo

46、undation for his researchin material science。A. farB.deep C. farther D.further42. The weather forecast saysit is going to clear soon。A. upB.out C. over D.about43. He will come to call on youthe moment he his work。A. will finishB.finishes C.finished D. to finish44. such a good chance,how could she le

47、t it slip away?A. Having givenB.Giving C. Having beengiven D. Give45.Previous hisdeparture, he addressed a letter tohis。A. toB.of C.in D. fromPart Identification (10%)Directions:Each of thefollowing sentences has fourunderlined parts marked A, B, C andD。 Identify the one that is notcorrect. Then bla

48、cken thecorresponding letter on the AnswerSheet。46. I like this house with abeautiful garden in front, but Idont have enough money to buy that。A B CD47. I Invited Joe and Linda aswell as Tom to dinner, but neither ofthem came。A B CD48. You can arrive in Beijingearlier for the meeting though youdont

49、mind taking the night train。A BC D49. Why not stay at home sincethat the road is so slippery afterthe heavy snow?A B CD50. Look out! Dont get tooclose to the house that roof is underrepair。A B CD51. Some children want tochallenge themselves by learning alanguage different from which their parents sp

50、eak at home。A B CD52. But for the help of my English teacher, I would not win the first prize in the English Writing Competition。A B C D53. Those brave army soldiers would rather die with their heads high than lived with their knees bent。A B CD54. No sooner had Professor Smith begun to speak when so

51、me noise arose from the audience。A B C D55. It is no good try to remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learned。A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the pa

52、ssage. You should chooseONE answer that best fits into thepassage. Then blacken thecorresponding letter on the AnswerSheet。The mysterious tiger has been asymbol of power and strength forcenturies. Its power is a 56 tohunters, 57 have tried to kill itto prove their own skill and 58 .InIndia 59 the ni

53、neteenth and earlytwentieth centuries, large partiesof 60 from around theworld 61 go out on huge tiger hunts.Hundreds of tigers could be killed ina few weeks. As a 62 of thisover-hunting, 63 with loss ofhabitat(栖息地)，the population oftigers in India dropped from about40,000 64 the turn of the twentie

54、thcentury to about 2,000 by 1972.With the help of India and otherconcerned countries, the WorldWildlife Fund 65 Operation Tiger in1972 to save the tiger 66 dying out.Since then, seventeen tigerpreserves(保护区)have been 67 ,andthe tiger population in India hasrisen to 68 4,000 and 5,000.But when people

55、 live onthe 69 of the tiger preserves,tigers sometimes kill their farmanimals and attack people about 600people in India have been killed bytigers in the last dozen years.70 tigers do not eat humans. But“old,wounded and homeless”tigers canbecome habitual(习惯的) man-eaters.In one area in India, village

56、rshave 71 a clever solution. Theywire lifelike human dummies(假人)to electricity 72 the tigers geta(n) 73 shock when they attack. Itis hoped that in this way tigerswill learn to 74 people. But theconflict between human andtiger 75 .Only if people haveenough food, shelter and fuel willthe tiger survive in the long run.And only if the tiger and its forestsurvive will people have a naturalworld they can return to 。56. A. succession B.challenge C