[语言类考试复习资料大全]专升本英语分类模拟126

1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全专升本英语分类模拟126专升本英语分类模拟126Reading Comprehension If half of the water were to be drained from the Pacific Ocean, a curious kind of submarine mountain called a guyot would be exposed. Guyots are strange formations that resemble mushroom stalks with flat tops

2、. More than six hundred and fifty of these volcanic stalks have been discovered in the Pacific Ocean, and a few others have been discovered in the Atlantic sea plains. It is easy to suppose that the guyots were formed by underwater lava spouts that piled up volcanic debris over the years, but just h

3、ow they acquired their curiously flat tops remains a mystery. Shallow-water fossils found embedded (植入) in the tops of some guyots suggest that at one time the flat tops were much nearer the oceans surface, but beyond this there is little that scientists can say. One attempt to account for the flat

4、tops suggests that the ocean levels were once much lower than they are today; thus wave action might have smoothed away the original peaks. Another theory holds that the guyots have probably always flat tops and that their weight has pushed them slightly toward the ocean floor, causing them to slowl

5、y submerge. But these are only theoriesthe guyots are still a geophysical puzzle. 1. The strange formations called guyots are actually _.A.underwater volcanoesB.volcanic debrisC.mushroom stalks with flat topsD.submerged sea plains答案:B解析 文章第二段It is easy to suppose that the guyots were formed by under

6、water lava spouts that piled up volcanic debris (残骸) over the years. 可知B正确。2. Scientist are puzzled by the guyots _.A.mushroom like appearanceB.submarine locationC.curiously flat topsD.origin答案:C解析 文章第二段but just how they acquired their curiously flat tops remains a mystery. 文中的mystery即题目中的puzzle。3.

7、The discovery of shallow-water fossils indicates that the guyots were _.A.submerged by their own weightB.flattened by the action of wavesC.not so deep in the oceanD.formed by underwater lava spouts答案:C解析 文章第二段Shallow-water fossils found embedded (植入) in the tops of some guyots suggest that at one ti

8、me the flat tops were much nearer the oceans surface. 即选C。4. The guyots are still a geophysical puzzle nowadays because _.A.no explanation of their origin has yet been offeredB.scientists have not yet offered any explanation of their shapesC.theories relating to their origins and shapes have never b

9、een provedD.scientists are not sure the ocean levels have changed答案:C解析 文章第三段But these are only theoriesthe guyots are still a geophysical puzzle. 可知两个假设只是理论没有被证实。5. We can conclude from this passage that _.A.there are guyots in every ocean of the worldB.guyots are produced by violent volcanic actio

10、nC.the mystery of the guyots will soon be solvedD.the guyots flat tops will remain a mystery for some time答案:D解析 文章中反复出现but just how they acquired their curiously fiat tops remains a mystery, but beyond this there is little that scientists can say. But these are only theoriesthe guyots are still a g

11、eophysical puzzle. 故选D。 Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything which goes into the dumps (垃圾堆) would be made into something useful. Even the

12、 most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else. The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plan

13、t for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well. Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the r

14、ubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids, after that grounders and rollers will break up

15、everything that can be broken. Finally, the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage. The first full-scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of

16、 transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long. 6. From the first paragraph, we can see _.A.there will be no waste in the worldB.the waste cannot be reusedC.the waste can be reusedD.there will be a lot of useless waste in t

17、he world答案:C解析 文章第一段The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything which goes into the dumps (垃圾堆) would be made into something useful可知选C。7. What is NOT mentioned as a part of the recycling process described in Para. 3?A.Sharpening metal bars.B.Breaking up whatever is breakable.C.Separa

18、ting light elements from the heavy ones.D.Sorting out small pieces of metal.答案:A解析 由文章第三段first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed可知pass through sharp metal bars与sharpening metal bars不是一回事。8. Whats the main reason for big ci

19、ties to build their own recycling plants?A.To get big profits from those plants.B.To protect the environment from pollution.C.To get raw materials locally.D.To deal with wastes in a better way.答案:C解析 文章第四段Indeed, with the growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities wi

20、ll be forced to build their own recycling plants before long. 可知运送垃圾成本过高是一些大城市在周边建造垃圾回收站的原因，也即建了垃圾回收站就可以就近运送垃圾，降低成本。故C正确。9. The first full-scale huge recycling plants _.A.will probably be in operation in fifteen yearsB.will probably take less than fifteen years to buildC.will be built fifteen years

21、laterD.began to operate fifteen years ago答案:C解析 文章第四段中The first full-scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. 在这里away和选项中的later是同义替换。10. The passage is mainly about _.A.a cheap way to get energyB.new ways of recycling wastesC.the location of recycling plantsD.the protection of

22、city environment答案:B解析 文章开头即是中心。 Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts further questions, and so on. For most of the time this conversation goes on below the

23、level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level. Differen

24、t people converse with text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents higher levels of

25、 comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers. There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a process conversation as opposed to a content conve

26、rsation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies (策略) we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a process conversation. It is precisely this kind of conversat

27、ion that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level. 11. Reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text becomes conscious only when _.A.the reader; s expectations agree with what is said in

28、 the textB.the reader has trouble understanding what the author saysC.the reader asks questions and gets answersD.the reader understands a text very well答案:B解析 文章第二段For most of the time this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usua

29、lly when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. 此题的关键是读出at times相当于题目中的when。12. At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to _.A.read a text slowlyB.read without thinking hardC.interpret a text in their own wayD.concentrate on the meaning

30、 of words only答案:D解析 文章第三段Some stay very close to the words on the page. 故选D。13. A process conversation has to do with _.A.the application of reading strategiesB.matching our expectations with the meaning of a textC.the development of our ability to check the detailsD.determining the main idea of a

31、text答案:A解析 文中第四段We call this a process conversation as opposed to a content conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies (策略) we employ in reading. 这里的关键是读出it指代的是process。14. According to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a bala

32、nce between _.A.conscious and unconscious levels of comprehensionB.the readers expectations and the meaning of a textC.lower and higher levels of comprehensionD.interpreting and criticizing a text答案:C解析 文章第三段The latter represents higher levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important

33、, especially for advanced readers. 这里的advanced reader即是题目中的readers at a higher level。15. If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should _.A.learn to use different approaches in reading different textsB.make our reading process more consciousC.pay more attention to the cont

34、ent of a textD.take a critical attitude towards the authors ideas答案:A解析 文章最后一段最后一句It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level. 故A对。 Psychology and sociology are b

35、oth categorized as social sciences, and both study human behavior. However, psychology is the study of individual behavior, whereas sociology is the study of group behavior. Psychology deals with the possible problems an individual might have in social interaction with other individuals, but the mai

36、n concern of sociology is the ways that different societies with different cultures deal with each other. Sociology asks and tries to answer questions like these: why does one society progress rapidly and another one remain primitive for centuries? What is the main reason for revolution in a society

37、? What is the role of religion or art in a society? Psychology asks and tries to answer questions like these: why does an individual adapt easily to a changing environment and another individual become mentally disturbed? What are the causes of antisocial behavior? What role does religion or art pla

38、y in an individuals mental and emotional life? Psychology and sociology often work together in their study of human behavior. It is assumed that by better understanding individual motivation and behavior, more will be learned about group motivation and behavior. The reverse is also assumed: if scien

39、tists can learn more about social groups, they will learn more about individuals. 16. What would be an appropriate title for this passage?A.Psychology and SociologyB.Individual and GroupC.Human Behavior StudyD.Main Concerns of Social Sciences答案:A解析 文章第一段讲了心理学和社会学的定义及区别，第二段重点讲社会学，第三段重点讲心理学，最后一段讲两者之间的

40、合作互利。故A对。17. Which of the following questions is the concern of psychology?A.What is the role of religion or art in a society?B.What is the main reason for revolution in a society?C.What are the causes of antisocial behavior?D.Why does one society progress more rapidly than another?答案:C解析 文章第三段Psychology asks and tries to answer questions like these: .What are the causes of antisocial behavior?讲的都是心理学所涉猎的内容，所以选C。A、B、D项所述都是社会学研究的内容。18. According to the author, _.A.psychology