(word完整版)外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)

1、 七下英语重要知识点梳理语法知识点1.词类：物主代词、情态动词 can 和方位介词短语2.时态：一般将来时态和一般过去时态词类1) 物主代词：表示所属关系的代词（属于谁的）形容词性物主代 名词性物主代 形容性物主代名词性物主代ouryourheritshersitstheirtheirs形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：形容词性物主代词：必须和名词在一起。my father, your teacher.物主代词名词性物主代词:相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词+名词。this shirt is mine. =this is my shirt.练习（1）选择题。（）1. look at）2

2、. i drive.a. him b. he c. histo the park every day. a. they b. their c. thema. we b. us c. oura. she b. her c. hersa. i b. my c. mea. they b. their c. them）3.classroom is big.）4. i love.）5. do you know?）6. i am son.）7. this is not _ desk. my desk is over there.a. ib. my c. me1 （）8. can you spell _ n

3、ame, harry? sorry. a. you b. your c. yours）9. tom and jack are brothers. this is _ room. a. they b. them c. their）10. we are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice. a. our b. my c.（ours（）11. mrs. green is my teacher. im _ student.）12. thats a cat. _ name is mimi.a. heb. hisc. him（a. itb. itsc.

4、its（2）用括号里的代词的适当形式填空1, mr yang is _(we) teacher._(him) is from beijing. _(his)teaches_(our) english.2, look,there is a cat._(they) is lilys._(it) name is mimi.3, let_(i) tell _(she) about_(he) life at school.4, this is _(they) room.where is _(our)?5, dont use the eraser._ is _(me).6, the lady under

5、the tree is _(me) aunt._(her) often sings with _(she)husband2) 情态动词 can1.含义：表达人或物的能力，能或会2.特点：情态动词 can 没有人称和数的变化，之后要加动词原形。3.否定形式：cannot(正式用法)cant(口语)4.句型结构：肯定句：主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。she / they can swim well.否定句：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。she / they can not swim well.一般疑问句： 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其

6、他 + ？can she / they swim well?yes, she / they can./no, she / they cant.特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?why can she / they swim well?who can swim well?练习：() 1) the sign on the wall means youstay away from the building.a. must(b. cantc. shouldntyou see on the desk?) 2) how many booksa. mayb. can

7、c. should2 ()3) -you see the sign over t h e r es?o r-r-y-, i cant.a. can b. cantc. should4. i can run fasti. _ _ fast(.否定句)5. he can play basketball we（ll一. 般疑问句）_ he _ basketball well?3) 介词over正上方on the left of在.左. 边on the right of在.右. 边next to/near在附近，紧挨着in the front of在里面的前面in front of在.前. 面betw

8、een .and在.两.者之间lingling sits between tony and damin玲g.玲坐在托尼和大明之间among 在三者或三者以上之间miss li is among lots of stude李nt老s.师在许多同学之间注意：介词短语常和 be 动词连用。时态1) 一般将来时时间状语：in+一段时间；tomorrow ；in the future; nex时t+间；this+时间（表示将来时间的状语） be（is,am.ar）e going to的用法。含义：计划，打算做某事将来时句型结构：3 一般将来时 be going to+动词原形肯定句结构：主语+be go

9、ing to +动词原形+其他.否定句结构：主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：be 动词提前be +主语+going to +动词原形+其他？肯定回答：yes，主语+be.否定回答：no，主语+be not.注意：表示计划到某地去，谓语动词 go 与 going 重复，一般只说 be going to +地点.come/go/arrive/leave 等表示位置转移的动词可用于现在进行表将来。eg:i am going to london next year.she is going to check her email.look! the bus is co

10、ming.由 shall 和 will 引导的一般将来时含义：将会特点：助动词 shall 和 will 没有人称和数的变化，之后要加动词原形。shall 在一般将来时中，一般用于第一人称之后。例如：i/we shall have an english lesson.我们将有一节英语课。否定形式：shall notshant将来时句型结构:will notwont肯定句：主语+shall/will+do否定句：主语+shall/will+not+do（will not 可缩写成 wont）一般疑问句：shall/will+主语+ do特殊疑问句：疑问词+ shall/will+主语+do2)

11、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2标志性时间状语：yesterday（昨天）, last week（上周）, last month（上个月）, last year（去年）, two months ago（两个月前）, the day before yesterday（前天），in 1990 (在 1990 年), in those days （在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语连用。3动词结构：v-ed4 动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-co

12、oked2结尾是 e 加 d，如：taste-tasted3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y 为 i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：5 lose(丢失) -_make(制造) -_mean(意思) -_meet(见) -_drink(喝) -_drive(驾驶) -_eat(吃) -_fall(落下) -_fly(飞) -_forget(忘) -_pay(付) -_say(说) -_sell(卖) -_give(给) -_send(送)-_s

13、it(坐) -_sleep(睡) -_smell(嗅) -_spell(拼写) -_spend(度过) -_stand(站) -_teach(教) -_tell(告诉) -_win(赢) -_think(想) -_understand(理解) -_begin(开始) -_blow(吹) -_break(打破) -_choose(选择) -_do(做) -_draw(画) -_4. 句式变化规则：go(去) -_grow(成长) -_know(知道) -_lie(躺) -_ring(按铃) -_write(写) -_ride(骑) -_see(看见)-_wake(弄醒) -_sing(唱) -_

14、speak(讲话) -_wear(穿) -_swim(泳) -_take(拿) -_throw(扔) -_become(成为) -_come(来) -_run(跑) -_be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：（1）am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。（was not=wasnt）（2）are 在一般过去时中变为 were。（were not=werent）（3）带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not，一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首。句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：did

15、nt +动词原形，如：jim went home yesterday._一般疑问句：在句首加 did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。6 如：jim went home yesterday._特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？如：jim went home yesterday._考考你的掌握度：1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。i_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.i _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。what _ _ _ _ _ next monday?i _ _ _ play basket

16、ball.what _ you do next monday? i _ play basketball.3. nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）nancy _ going to go camping.4. ill go and join them.（改否定）i _ go _ join them.5. im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?6. we will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ me

17、et at the bus stop at 10:30.用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.tom _ (visit) a farm last week.2. the twins _ (water) the flowers in the garden yesterday morning.3. i _ (watch) a film with my friend last friday.4. my father _ (be) in london last year.5. what_ (do) you do three days ago?6. _ (be) there any parks here in

18、1950?7. what_(do) you do just now? i _ (wash) my clothes.改写句子1. we are all happy.(改成一般过去时)we _ all happy.2. i visit my grandparents every week. (用 last week 代替 every week)_3 there were some zebras in the zoo last year. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)_7 四、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.today is a sunny day. we _ (have) a picnic this

19、 afternoon.2. my brother _ (go) to shanghai next week.3. tom often _(go) to school on foot. but today is rain. he _(go) to school by bike.4. what do you usually do at weekends? i usually _ (watch) tv and_(catch) insects?its friday today. what _she _ (do) this weekend?she _ (watch) tv and _ (catch) i

20、nsects.6. what _ (do) you do last sunday? i _ (pick) apples on a farm.what _ (do) next sunday? i _ (milk) cows.7. mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. david _ (give) a puppet show next monday.9. i _ (plan) for my study now.句型1) 特殊疑问句。含义：以特殊疑问词开头的疑问句。特殊疑问词总结： what 什么（职业，姓名等）what day 星期几 what d

21、ay is it today?what size 多大尺码 what size are your shoes?what time =when 什么时间what colour 什么颜色what size 多大号 when 什么时候 （就时间提问）where 什么地方（就地点提问）who 谁（问人的身份，姓名等）which 哪一个why 为什么（就原因提问，常用 because 回答）how 怎么样how many 多少（提问可数名词数量）how many books do you have ?多少（提问不可数名词数量）how much water is there in the glass?ho

22、w much多少钱（提问价格）how old 几岁（提问年龄）8 多长（提问长度）how long is this ruler?这把尺子有多长？how long多长时间（时间持续多久）how long do you go to school ?你去学校要多长时间？how often 多久（提问频率既单位时间发生多少次）how soon （还要多久时间才能开始或结束）how soon will he come back ?how far （提问距离有多远）how heavy （提问有多重）句型结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句 ？eg :why do you like watching tv ?当堂

23、检测：他多久才能回来？就划线部分提问。1he often has lunch in the factoryhe oftenlunch？2they will come back in a monthwill they come back？3he hurt his leg last sundayhe hurt his leg ？4i got up at six this morning youup this morning ？5they were drawing a horse when i came intheywhen i came in ？6i didnt go to school beca

24、use i had a bad coldyou go to school？7youd better take the no3 busbusi better take？8hes feeling wellhe feeling ？9the girl in a red coat is my sisteris your sister？10he comes to china once a yearheto china？11. he goes to see his grandma ( twice a week ). (对括号部分提问)_?12. my father goes to work by car.

25、( 改为特殊疑问句 )_?13. it take ( 15 minutes ) for a ferry to cross the river. ( 对括号部分提问 )_?14. you can dial ( 110 ) to call the police. ( 对括号部分提问 )_ _ can you dial to call the police15. ted put his bag in the desk . ( 改为特殊疑问句 )_ _ ted _ in the desk?9 16. the students ( went camping ) last week. (对括号部分提问)_?17. diogenes came from ( greece ). (对括号部分提问)_ _ diogenes _ _?18. the way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise). (对括号部分提问)_ _ the way to _ _?2) 祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语 you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1. 肯定的祈使句（