定语从句归纳及专项练习题

1、精品文档定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一） 定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose,另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行

2、词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系 代词who人主语，宾语do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which 和that在从句中做兵 语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后 面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用 thatwhom人宾语mr. smith is the person with whom i am workingthe boy （whom） she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语i like those books who

3、se topics are about history.the boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.that人，物主语，宾语a plane is a machine that can fly.she is the pop star （that） i want to see very much.which物主语，宾语the book （which） i gave you was worth $10. the picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主语，宾语heis su

4、ch a person as is respected by all of us.this is the same pen as i lost yesterday.as做宾语一般不省略例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分） do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week ?（作主语） i read a report about his new novelthat/ which will soon be published.（作主语） the plan that/which they argued ab

5、out was settled at last.（作宾语） this is the new secretary （who/whom/that） i would like to introduce to you.（作宾语） the soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay.（作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略,充当主语时则不能。（见上例）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用that 。先行词是最高级形容词或

6、它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如： this is the best that has been used against pollution . english is the most difficult subjectthat you will learn during these years.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如： this is the last place （that） i want to visit . it is the first american movie of this kindthat i ve ever seen . 先行词是 all, mu

7、ch, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。例如： you should hand in all that you have . we havent got much that we can offer you . 先行词前面有 the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。例如： the only thing that we can do is to give you some money. the little money （ t

8、hat） he had was stolen.（三）宜用who,而不用that的一些情况 先行t是 one, ones, anyone 时。例如： one who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. dont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it .先行词是those时。例如：. 。1欢迎下载精品文档 those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made

9、 of the magic cloth.(四)其它情况 先行词既有人又有物时。例如： do you know the things and persons that they are talking about ? the bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station. 主句已有疑问词 who或which日寸。例如： which is the bike that you lost ? who is the woman thafwas praised at the meeting

10、?(五)与whose有关的问题whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： i saw a woman whose bag was stolen . please show me the book whose cover is red .当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时,亦可用 of which的形式。例如： the building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant. the building, the roof of which you can see from here,is a new restau

11、rant. 或the building, of which the roof you can see from hereis a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前o 例如：(which) i wrote the note with just nowwith which i wrote the note just now（which作介词 with的宾语）have you seen the pen .have you seen the pen 但是，要注意的是： 介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用 介词前提后

12、，关系代词不再能省略。 有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：whom#口 which ,而不再用 that 或 who.look for, look after, take care of等。例如 错误 正确 错误 正确who is the old man who is the old man these are the sheep these are the sheepto that you were talking to to whom you were talkingof which the boy took care?或 who is the old man (that/ wh

13、om) you were talking to(which/that) the boy took care of5 欢迎下载 。四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如：is expected to be over 25,000.who is the guy that is reading over there?the number of people that are going to the exhibitionall that needs to be donehas been done.he is one

14、of the studentswho use computer a lot for study定语从句专项练习(1)i.the place interested me most was the childrenspalace.a. which b. where c. what d. in which2 .do you know the man?a. whom i spoke b. to who spoke c. i spoke to d. thati spoke3 .this is the hotel last month.a. which they stayedb. at that they

15、 stayedc. where they stayed atd. where they stayed4 .do you know the year the chinese communist party was founded?a. which b. that c. when d. on which5 .that is the day ill never forget.a. which b. on which c. in which d. when6 .the factory well visit next week is not far fromhere.a. where b. to whi

16、ch c. which d. in which7 .great changes have taken place in the factory we are working since then.timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam .例中的all一意为“一切” ,，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。that 与 which, who, whom 的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用that的情况先行i为 all, everything, anything, nothing, lit

17、tle, much,等不定代词时。先行 i被 all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时先行词既指人又指物时先行i被the only, the very修饰时句中已经有 who或which时，为了避免重复时1. he told me everything that he knows.2. all the books that you offered have been given out.3. this is the best film that i have ever read.4. we t

18、alked about the persons and things that we remembered.5. he is the only man that i want to see.6. who is the man that is making a speech?只用 which, who, whom勺情况在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whomt人在由“介词铁系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom 指人。先行词本身是that时，关系词用 which,先行t为those, one, he 时多用who。1. hehas a son, whoh

19、as gone abroad for further study.2. i like the person to whom the teacher is talking.3. those who respect others are usually respected by others._o2欢迎下载a. where b. that c. which d. thereperfectly.8.this is one of the best films .a.after which i have looked b. which i have lookedaftera. that have bee

20、n shown this year b. that have shownc. that has been shown this year d. that you talkedc. that i have looked after d. i have looked after31.the reason he didnt come was he was ill.9 .can you lend me the book the other day?a. about which you talked b. which you talkedc. about that you talkedd. that y

21、ou talked10 .the pen he is writing is mine.a.with which b.in which c.on which d.by which 11.they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat asmall boy.a. whom b. who c. which d. that12 .the engineer my father works is about 50 yearsold.a.to whom b.on whom c.with which d. with whoma. why; that b. that;

22、why c. for that; hat d. for which; what32 .he is working hard, will make him pass the finalexam.a.that b.which c.for which d.who33 .that is not the way i do it.a./ b.which c.for which d.with which34.i have two grammars, are of great use.a. all of which b. either of which c. both of that d. both of w

23、hich35.i want to use the same tools used in your factory13.is there anyone in your class family is in thecountry?a. who b. whos c. which d. whose14.im interested in you have said.a. all that b.all what c. that d. which15.i want to use the same dictionary was useda few days ago.a.as was b. which was

24、c.as were d. which36 .my neigh bours used to give mea hand in time of was very kind of them.a. who b. which c. that d. it37 .this is the magazine i copied the paragraph.trouble,yesterday.a. which b. who c. what d. asa. that b. which c. from that d. from which38.he is not such a man would leave his w

25、ork half16.he isnt such a man he used to be.done.a. who b. whom c. that d. as17 .he is good at english, we all know.a. that b. as c. whom d. what18 .li ming, to the concert enjoyed it very much.a. i went with b. with whom i wentc. with who i went d.i went with him19.i dont like as you read.a. that b

26、. which c. who d. as39. you can depend on whatever promise he makes.a. / b. why c. when d. whose40. smoking, is a bad habit, is, however, popular.a. that b. which c. it d. though41. - did you ask the guard happened?- yes, he told me all he knew.a. the novels b. thesuch novels c. such novels d. samen

27、ovels20 .he talked a lot about things and persons theyremembered in the school.a. which b. that c. whom d. what21 .the letter is from my sister, is working ina.what; that b. what; what c. which; which d. that; that42. i shall never forget those years i lived onthe farm with the farmers, has a great

28、effect onmy life.a.when; who b.that; which c. which; thatd.when;beijing.a. which b. that c. whom d. whowhich43. the number of the people who cars22.in our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of are women.a. themb. which c. whomd. who23.youre the only person ive ever met couldincreasing.a.own

29、s; are b. owns; is c. own; is d. own; are44. during the days , he worked as a servant at thebrowns.do it.a. who;/ b./; whom c. whom;/ d./; who24.i lost a book, i cant remember now.a. whose title b. its title c. thetitle of it d. thetitle of thata.followed b.following c.to follow d.that followed45. i

30、s oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?a. that b. / c. which d. it46. the clever boy madea hole in the wall, see was going on inside house._ he could25.last summer we visited the west lake, hangzhouis famous in the world.a.for which b.for that c.in which d whata. which; whatb. through which; whatc.th

31、rough that; what d. what; that47. is some german friends visited last week?26.i have bought such a watch was advertised ontv.a. that b. which c. as d. it1.1 i can never forget the day we worked togetherand the day we spent together.a.when; which b.which; when c.what; that d.on which;when28 .the way

32、he looks at problems is wrong.a. which b. whose c. what d./29 .this is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.a this school b.this the school c.this school oned.this school where48. john got beaten in the game, had beena. as b. that c. what d. who49. i have bought two ballpens, writes well.a. none

33、of themb. neither of themc. neither of whichd. none of which50. all that can be eaten eaten up.a. are being b. has been c. had been d. have been定语从句专项练习（2）expected.a. in which b. with which c. that d. for which 30.this machine, for many years, is still working1. nearly all the streets are in straigh

34、t lines, from east to west. those run from northtosouthare called avenues.a. that b. as c. which d. anda. running; that b. run; who c. running; who d. run; that2. this is the casehes had all his moneystolen.20. he stayed there for quite a long time, during time he learned much spoken english.a. that

35、 b. this c. which d. samea. when b. wherec. that d. on which3. mr. smith will pay a visit to beijing this autumn, we will enjoy the olympic games in 2008.定语从句专项练习（3）1. who is the womanis sweeping the floor overa. where b. when c. which d. how4. the artist will not paint people or animals but paint a

36、nything.a. that the little girl asks him b. the little girl asks him toc. for the little girl to ask him d. what the little girl asks him5. how did you get in touch with the travel agent,he willrobin?there?a. who b. /c. that d. when2. the doctoris leaving for africa next month.a. the nurse is talkin

37、g to him b. whom the nurse is talkingc. the nurse is talking to d. who the nurse is talking3. he talked about a herono one had ever heard.一oh, that s easy. i surfed the internet and then called onethe telephone number is provided.a. which b. in which c. of which d. whose6. october 15 th is my birthd

38、ay,i will neverforget.a. when b. that c. what d. which7. the treatment will continue until the patient reachesa. of whomb. from whom c. about that d. who4. have you read the book i lent to you?a. that b. whom c. whend. whose5. american women usually identify their best friend as someonethey can talk

39、 frequently.a. who b. as c. about which d. with whom6. recently i bought a second-hand carwas verythe pointhe can walk correctly and safely.a. when b. where c. which d. whose8. there are several research centers in chinalow.a. which price b. the price of whosec. its priced. whose pricea certain dise

40、ase called bird flu is being studied.a. which b. where c. when d. what9. i hope that the littlei have been able to dodoes good to them all.a. which b. what c. that d. when10. the time is not far awaymodern communicationswill become widespread in chinas vast countryside.a. as b. when c. until d. befo

41、re11. is known to everybody, taiwan is a part ofchina. we must unify it.7. lily, is helenyou want to introduce me to?a. that b. who c. whom d. the girl8. the professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers they had seen.a. that b. whoc. which d. what9. this is the

42、only busgoes to the village school.a. / b. thatc. where d. it10. is there a shop aroundsellschina daily ?a. who b. wherec. in whichd. which11. she was the only one of the girlsin our classa. it b. as c. which d. what12. i shall never forget the dayshen zhou v waslaunched,has a great effect on my lif

43、e.a. when, which b. that, which c. which, that d. that13. the bread my wife makes is much better thanyou can buy at a store.a. that whichb. one thatc. that of which d. this of which14. there is no such placeyou dream of in all thisworld.a. that b. what c. which d. as15. the people,had been damaged b

44、y the flood,were given help by the red cross.a. all whose homesb. all of whose homesc. all their homesd. all of their homes16. the humans are destroying nature day by day, _ course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.when, of_accepted as candidate for the president of our students

45、union.a. who was b. who were c. who has been d. who have 12. she is no longer the sweet little girl sheto be.a. what b. who c. when d. that13. is this singersongs you like best?a. whos b. whose c. which d the one whose14. he got angry withwas against his opinion.a. who b. whomever c. whoever d. no m

46、atter who15. anyonewith what i said may raise your hand.a. which agreesb. who agreec. who agreeswhich agree 16. that s the dog.a.weve been looking after b. after which wevelookingc. what weve been looking after d.weve been takingfor17. this is the last timeill give you a lesson.been usedd.beencarea.

47、 who b. when c. on which d. which17. is this research center you visited theequipment last year?a. where b. that c. the one that d. the one where18. some pictures of the river brought the days back to the oldthey swam in it.a. when b. that c. who d. where19. the man showed us so heavy a stonenomoder

48、n mancana. when b. that c. what d. as18. the familyi stayed with in paris are coming tolondon.a. whose b. which c. what d. whom19. this is the very knifei used to cut applesyesterday.a. that b. by which c. which d. with which20. china has many rivers,the yangtze river is thelift.longest._ 。4欢迎下载a. w

49、hich b. in which c. among which d. one of whichcame from livepool.（2006）21. the use they are the waste helps to save a lotof money.a. made of b. made from c. making up of making of22. that tree, the branches are almost bare, is avery old one.a. whose b. in which c. of which d. of itd.a. what b. that

50、c. howd. as8. in an hour, we can travel to places would havetaken our ancestors days to reach. （2006上海 ）a. where b. when c. which d. what9. i saw a woman running toward me in the dark. before i could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction she had come.（ 2006 重庆卷）23. in the dark str

51、eet, there wasn t a single person she could turn for help.a. that b. who c. from whom d. to whoma. of which b. by whichc. in which d.which10. look out! don t get too close to the house fromroof24. what is the way smith thought of enough moneyto buy the new house?a. getting b. having got c. being got

52、 d. to get25. jack spent as much time as he could over hislessons.a. going b. went c. go d. to go26. the freezing point is the temperature _water changes into ice.a. at whichb. on that c. when d. ofwhich27. i am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute he can spare.a. that b. in

53、which c. in thatd.when28. this is the last time i will write to you.a. when b. thatc. what d. as29. i don t like the way he spoke to me.a. what b. by which c. by that d. /30. the train_ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.a. by which b. on which c. for which d. on that（ 4）真题回顾1. wewen

54、t through a period communications were verydifficult in rural areas. （2008上海 ）a. whichb. whosec. in whichd. withwhich2. human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree they can be controlled on purpose.（2007 重庆 ）a. with which b. to which c. of whichd. forwhich3. animals suffered at the hands of man they weredestro