中考英语连词讲义+习题

1、精品文档语法专项六一连词一、连词的定义：连词是连接字、短语、从句与句子的词，是虚词，因此它不能独立担任句子成分。二、连词的分类：连词主要分为两大类一一并列连词和从属连词。三、并列连词：并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、词组或分句。它包括： and, or, but, so, for , both and, either or, neither nor, not only but also , as well as.(1)表并歹u关系的 and, both and, not only but also, neither - nor, as well as(2)表选择关系的 or, either or

2、(3)表转折关系的but(4)表因果关系的for, so1、and :和，并且(1)表示和“、而且”的意思，用来连接对等关系的字和字，短语与短语，句子与句子。eg: he got up and put on his hat. eg: i went to the summer palace and he went to bei hai park.(2)单词或词组如果是三个以上连接，一般在最后的单词或词组前加and。另外and”在译成中文时不一定要翻译出和eg: mary visited beijing , shanghai and hong kong.(3) and用于祈使句中，句型：祈使句，a

3、nd=if you，youll eg: use your head , and youll find a way.=if you use your head, youll find a way.eg: hurry up , and youll catch the bus.=if you hurry up, youll catch the bus.2、or ：或，或者，否则(1) or表示 或”的意思，用于两者之中选择一个。eg: would you like coffee or tea?(2)注意a or b ”作主语时，谓语动词随or后面的词(b)而定。eg: tom or i am rig

4、ht. eg: li ming or his classmates are cleaning the room.(3)用于祈使句中，句型：祈使句，or=if you dont ，youll译成 请，否则”，有转折的意思。eg: hurry up , or youll miss the bus.=if you dont hurry up, youll miss the bus.eg: study hard , or youll fail in the exam.=if you dont study hard, youll fail in the exam.3、but :但是，可是，而(1)但是，

5、而，可是。表示转折关系。eg: he is old , but he looks very young.(but后面省略了主语 li li ,因为与前面的主语成分相同)eg: mary likes violin , but tom doesnt. (doesnt 后面省略了 like violin ,因为与前面的成分相同)(2)在英文中，but和although不能在一起使用。eg: although it was raining hard , but they went on working.(错)eg: it was raining hard ,but they went on worki

6、ng.() eg: although it was raining hard, they went on working.() 4、 so , for(1) so：所以，因此，于是. 。1欢迎下载精品文档eg: my teacher asked me to goso i went.（2） so除了作连词外，也可以作副词。eg: i hope you can pass the exam. i hope so. eg: dont walk so fast.(3) for :因为eg: i soon went to sleep,for i was tired. egthe sun has risen

7、 , for the birds are singing.5、both - and:和，既也（两者都）（1） bothand构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词用复数。eg: both li ming and li li are good students.(2) both and的否定句表示部分否定。eg:he cant play both the violin and the piano.eg: both li ming and li li are not good students.（不全会）（其中一个是好学生）6、 either or 和 neither nor(1) either or ：

8、 或或； 不是 就是1) eitheror构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词随其邻近的词，即 or后面的词而定。(就近原则)eg: either you or he is right. eg: either my sister or my mother comes.2) either - or的否定句是全否定。eg: either you or he isnt right.你和他都不对eg: i dont want to visit either tianjing or shanghai.天津和上海我都不想参观。（2） neither nor ：既不也不1）构成的词组做主语时，谓语动词的用法和ei

9、theror的用法一样，由nor后面的词而定。（就近原则）eg: neither you nor i am right. eg: neither you nor he was selected for the job.2） neither nor是全否定，因此不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。eg: （ 乂） neither you nor i am not right.7、not only but also : 不但而且not only - but also 构成的词组担任主语时，谓语动词随but also后面的部分而定。(就近原则)eg: not only you but also you

10、r father is coming.eg: not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.8、as well as :又、不但一 而且（1） as well as构成的词组担任主语时，谓语动词随前面的词而定。（就远原则）eg: jim as well as his parents joins in the party.(2)该句型可以和 not only - but also ”互换，not only a - but also b = b as well as a ,前者强调的是 b,在 not only 之

11、后，后者强调的也是 b,在as well as 之前。翻译时，要先翻译 as well as 后面的词。eg: the child is not only healthy but also lively = the child is lively as well as healthy.|这孩子既健康又活泼。四、从属连词：从属连词用来引导从句，它包括： that , when , while , as, till , until , after , before ,since , because, if , though , although , so- that , as soon as o

12、2欢迎下载精品文档常见的从属连词有:1、that :(1) that引导名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)和定语从句, eg: i think (that ) he likes football.(2)如果主句的动词是think , believe；如果主句的主语是第一人称，变为否定句时，要否定主句，译成中文时,则否定从句。(否定前移)eg: i believe you will leave here. egi dont believe you will leave here.2、 when , while , before, after , as soon as, til

13、l, until , sincewhen, while , till , until , since , after , before , as soon as等是连接时间状语从句的连词。当主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时。:(1)注意while所引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的，不能用点动词。 (如begin , stop)eg: while i read, she sang. eg: i entered the room while(when) li ming was talking with her.(2) since引导的是一个过去时的句子，说明自当时以来到现在(自从两年前以来)，主

14、句一般要用现在完成时。eg: i have learned more than two thousand english words since i began learning english two years ago.(3) till 和until若主句的动词是终止性动词，则要用否定式。eg: i didnt go to sleep until(till ) i finished my homework.eg: we wont work until (till ) our teacher teaches us how to do it.eg: he stayed there till /

15、 until his mother came back.(4) eg: when he arrives there, he will call you.eg: he came to china after the war was over.= the war was over before he came to china.eg: as soon as i get the present, ill tell you.3、because ：因为，连接原因状语从句(1)回答 why问句时，只能用 because,不能用for或as.eg: why are you late ? because i

16、met a traffic accident on my way here.(2)汉语中，我们经常说因为所以，但在英文中有了because ,就不能再用so。eg: (x) because he was tired , so he couldnt walk there.4、if , though (although )(1) if ：如果(引导条件从句)eg: you can pass the exam if you study hard.(2) though , although :虽然(引导让步状语从句)和原因状语从句一样，如果用了though , although (虽然)就不能再用bu

17、t (但是)。eg: although (though) i live near the sea , im not a good swimmer.=i live near the sea , but im not a good swimmer.5、so - that :太以致若that后跟的从句是否定从句，可以与 too - to互换。eg: he is so old that he cant work. = he is too old to work.eg: the box is so heavy that i cant lift it.=the box is too heavy for m

18、e to lift.eg: the girl is so beautiful that everybody likes her.4欢痈下载精品文档注意注意此句型与tooto的互换。sothat在肯定句中不能转换成too to 。代词专项习题1. going to the movies is good, i really only like listening to music.a. and b. but c. so d. or2. the tomato is in fact a fruit , it is eaten as a vegetable.a. because b.if c.whend

19、. although3. get up early , you ll be late for school.a.so b.and c.ord.but4. mycousin is very young, she can help with the housework.a. once;不填 b.though ; but c. although ;不填5. i will be very happy you cometo myparty.a. if b. though c. or6. hehad a bad cold , he kept on working as usual .a. so b. bu

20、t c though7. what happened just now? a carhitanold lady at thecrossing.she was hurt,nota.and b. or c. only d.but8. i live in a safe community, istill feel a littleworriedwhen i go outatnight.a. although b. since c. until9. be quiet , mykids , you will have to stay outside , because this is a library

21、.a. and b. because c. or d. but10. be careful , you ilmake fewer mistakes in the exam.a. or b. but c. and11. rose, you are so thin. you should eat more, youll make yourself ill.a. or b. if c. and d. but12. you won t pass the exam you dont work hard. ok ill do mybest.badly.a. and b. but c. if d. so13

22、. a: do you like popular songs ? b: yes, i do.a. but b. so c. andi mtoo busy to enjoy them.14. work harder , you will not keep with others.a. and b. or c. so15. the winter in harbin is rather coldthe city is stillattractiveto the visitorsthroughout the worlda. although b.but c.so16. bequick , _a. an

23、d b. butwe llc. or d.be late for school.so17. youd bettera. so b. buttake care , _c. or dyou willandhurt your eyes. 。6欢迎下载精品文档18. i hear tomis leaving. why？a. and b. but c. or d. so19. hurry up ， tom， we ll be late for the film dearest.a. or b. but c. and d. so20. leave the reference books behind ，

24、you won t be able to think independently.a. or b. and c. so d. but21. can help us travel around more easily. more and more people like using them a. or b. so c.and d. but22. it is raining hard ， the farmers are still working in the field. so they are.a. and b. but c. so23. write downthe telephone nu

25、mber， you ll forget it.a. or b. and c. so24. you d better wake up tomat 6:30 ， he will be late for the match.a. if b. or c. and d. but25. hello ， joyce ， you are busy. can i give you a hand ？ thanks very much， i can manage.a. and b. or c. so d. but26. mike did something wrong, the headmaster is talk

26、ing with him.a. so b. but c. and d. or27. -excuse me. do you have a table for two?-im sorry, there arent any seats now. would you mind waiting for a while?a. but b. and c. or d. so28. stop cutting trees, the earth will become worse and worse.a. andb. butc. ord. then29. do you want to stay at home go

27、 shopping with us?a. andb. butc. ord. so30. the song was old few young people could sing.a. enough; to b. so; that c. as; as d. too; to31. mr. brown knows little japanese, he can t understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.a. sob. orc. but d. for32. the soldiers the captain have been to

28、 greece before.a. both andb. not only but alsoc. neither nor d./ .as well as33. my mother my sister watches football games these days.a. either; norb. both; andc. neither; nor d. neither; or34. mr. smith is an english teacher will teach us english next term.a. or b. andc. butd. so35. i may live in a

29、 hotel in a friends house.a. both; and b. either; orc. neither; nor d. between; and36. i m sorry, i cant help you with your homework. you d better do it yourself.a. and b. but c. or d. then37. i think we should get this liquid crystal computer, it wont take up more space.a. but b. althoughc. because d. so38. stop smoking, you will get better soon.a. and b. orc. thatd. after39. we bought mary a pair of sunglasses as her birthday present, she didnt like it.a. and b. but c. or d. so40. it was very late, the students still went on repairing their d