[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟376

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟376专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟376专业八级分类模拟376PART LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREEnglish as a Global Language . English is a global language Its widely used in economic, political, and scientific fields, and in 1 English as a global language is bad news for 2 - Writers will wri

2、te in English to reach a(n) 3 . The positive impacts of English as a global language In 4 area: a medium of communication In 5 : a language commonly used in lecture-rooms or lecture-conferences In English Language Teaching: English-speaking countries 6 from the spread of English . The negative impac

3、ts of English as a global language Inequality in language and 7 - e.g.: classroom a. Students who dont speak fluent English tend to be 8 b. Students who speak fluent English tend to 9 Social inequality - International conference: English speaking people are usually 10 Linguistic power - Native Engli

4、sh speakers will be more 11 than non-native English speakers - Native speakers have a(n) 12 Linguistic 13 - English speakers are less 14 to learn other languages and cultures Linguistic death - The existence of a global language may lead to 15 and the death of other languages (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1.

5、答案:media听力原文 English as a Global Language Good morning everyone. Today we are going to examine English as a global language. English has played the role as a global language for quite some time. Some theorists mention some characteristics of English as a global language i.e. the use of English has s

6、pread across the world and it has become the most preferable foreign language teaching. English has also been used widely in economic, political, and scientific fields as well as the main tool of communication in media such as ratio, television, newspaper, and even internet. This is not good news to

7、 all. For example, some argue that the global dominance of the English language is bad news for world literature. Why? Because if the English language dominates world publishing, very few translations will be commercially viable, except those from English to other languages. As a result, virtually o

8、nly those writing in English will have a chance of reaching a world audience and achieving classic status. The outcome is clear: just as in the sciences, those who wish to reach a world audience will write in English. World literature will be an English literature and will be the poorer for itas if

9、all music were written only for the cello. Having said that, we must understand that the spread of globalization all over the world is unstoppable nowadays. Although the definition of globalization itself really depends on what perspectives someone may look at, its impact has infiltrated in some asp

10、ects of our life. Similarly, the spread of English as a global language has been an interesting issue on whether it will bring bad or good impact to the society. Like god has created everything in this world in pairs, for instance, men and women, night and day, badness and goodness, life and death,

11、and so on. The impacts of English as a global language also come up with such nature, the positive and negative. In the next few minutes I am going to give a snapshot of both sides. First of all, the positive impacts of English as a global language. The existence of English as a global language has

12、contributed positive impacts on some areas. In trade or business area, English is a medium of communication among businessmen throughout the world. Indonesian exporters, for example, who want to export their local products to another country, must negotiate with prospective importers by using common

13、 language, in this case, English. In academic communities, the use of English in lecture-rooms or lecture-conferences has commonly happened in international leveled-universities. A lecturer in Indonesia can deliver his/her lecture to students in Thailand by using English-teleconference. It might hap

14、pen because of a global language and global technology. In addition, in English Language Teaching (ELT), as a global language, English gives great opportunities to many English-speaking countries to promote ELT all over the world. As some experts point out, the spread of English use in most parts of

15、 the world contributes more benefits for English speaking countries. British council, Indonesia Australia Language Foundation (IALF) are examples of institutions that carry out programs on English language teaching in Indonesia. These language institutions are considerably gaining profit by providin

16、g language training for Indonesians. They can make a lot of money from Language teaching materials, such as TOEFL/IELTS preparation and any other English course. Now, lets turn to the negative impacts of English as a global language. The question whether the spread of English leads globalization or

17、the globalization has led English appears to be on-going debate. Obviously, the impact of English spread is undeniable. The negative impact is particularly for those who cannot use English as the tool of their communication. It is noted that a global language can cause linguistic and communicative i

18、nequality. We can see a good example of this inequality in the classroom. When we are teaching speaking skill to our students, we often find students who cannot speak English fluently tend to be quiet when we have them in discussion or other speaking activities. On the contrary, students who can spe

19、ak English fluently tend to dominate the discussion. In a broader sense, for example, in international conference, the English speaker delegation often take advantages of being able to speak English to impose their opinion on other delegation. For some level, a crucial decision for international pur

20、pose sometimes was made based on this dominant opinion. If so, the impact of a global English is not only in linguistic and communicative inequality but also social inequality because a decision made in international conference is for the whole societys purpose in the world. But practically, it is m

21、ade by some people who own a dominant language. Furthermore, one linguistics expert notes that the impact of English as a global language encompasses linguistic power, linguistic complacency, and linguistic death. Linguistic power refers to those who have English as their first language will hold mo

22、re power than those who speak English as their second or foreign language. He further gives an example that being English native speaker is a ticket to have a good career in English language companies. Next, linguistic complacency refers to less intention of English speakers to learn another languag

23、e as well as its culture because they think that English as a global language has been spoken by all people in the world. So, there is no use to learn other languages. Finally, linguistic death refers to the existence of a global language that may lead to the death of other languages. The massive sp

24、read of English in every aspect of our life cannot be caught up by other languages such as French, Arabic, and Spanish. Experts also point out the dominance of English that causes monolingualism may ignore the use of other languages. OK. I have outlined the positive and negative impacts of English a

25、s the global language. But like it or not, English is quite dominant in the world. The best attitude towards it could be summarized in two words: necessary evil. With that, we conclude our discussion for today. 解析 录音提到，英语的使用已经遍布全世界了，它已经被广泛地使用在经济、政治、科学领域，并已成为媒体的主要交流工具。因此本题填入media。2.答案:(world)literatu

26、re解析 英语已经是全球性语言，这是不争的事实，但这对于世界文学来说是一个坏消息。听此处录音关键在于抓取重要提示词for example。3.答案:world audience解析 本题考查作家用英语写作的目的。讲座中提到，如果作家想让世界各地的读者都看到自己作品的话，就要用英语来写作。因此这里填world audience。4.答案:trade or business解析 本讲座主要阐述了英语作为全球性语言的好处与坏处，其中提到在贸易与商业领域，英语是全世界商务人士沟通的媒介。因此本题答案为trade or business。5.答案:academic communities解析 在学术界，

27、英语已经普遍地使用在有国际水准的大学的教学课堂或教学会议上。因此本题填入academic communities。6.答案:benefit解析 讲座中提到，英语的普及给讲英语的国家带来了好处。这里需要填一个动词，故将contributes more benefits改写为动词benefit。7.答案:communication解析 英语作为全球性的语言，也可能带来许多负面影响，如“语言与沟通的不平等”。这里需要填一个名词，因此要把原文的communicative转化为communication。8.答案:quiet解析 英语造成“语言与沟通的不平等”的一个佐证便是“当在课堂上教授英语口语技巧时

28、，我们会发现，在讨论或其他口语活动中，那些英语说得不流利的学生通常比较安静。”因此本题的答案为quiet。9.答案:dominate the discussion解析 录音提到，在教授英语口语技巧时，那些英语说得不流利的学生通常比较安静，相反那些英语说得流利的学生通常在讨论中占主导地位。因此本题填入dominate the discussion。10.答案:decision-makers解析 本题要求考生概括原文信息。英语作为全球性语言会引起社会不平等。国际会议中所做的决定本应基于全世界共同的目标，但会议上的决定都是由会说英语的人作出的，即“会说英语的人是决策者(decision-makers

29、)”。11.答案:powerful解析 根据讲座，语言权力是指那些以英语为母语的人比以英语为第二语言或外语的人拥有更多的权力。这里需将hold more power转为形容词形式powerful。听录音时要善于抓住关键词refers to。12.答案:good career解析 录音接着举出第二个例子，母语是英语的人更容易在说英语的公司里找到好工作。因此本题填入good career。13.答案:complacency解析 本题考查讲座第三个要点的第四个分述点，即语言上的自满。根据提纲填入complacency。14.答案:motivated解析 语言上的自满是指以英语为母语的人更不愿意去学习

30、其他语言，了解其他文化，因为他们认为英语作为全球性语言已经被全世界所通用。本题不能按原文直接填入less intention，故改写为less motivated。15.答案:monolingualism解析 语言灭亡是指全球性语言导致单语主义以及其他语言的灭亡。因此本题答案为monolingualism。SECTION B INTERVIEW (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1.A.Your temper.B.The way of communication.C.The road that you take.D.The tactics that you take.答案:C听力原文

31、M: And how do I deal with them? W: Most of the time you do have to confront the boundary-buster. But what we suggest is again to cool your system down, make sure you take the high road. Youd better say in a way that they actually say Oh, okay, I hear you, rather than yelling at him. What we tend to

32、say is You are so loud instead of saying you know what, it really bothers me, I cant concentrate when your voice goes up, so can you please calm it down? So its a way, its a communication style and we give many examples in Working With You Is Killing Me. M: Okay. And whats the worst kind of co-worke

33、r? W: Well, what we call the worst kind, what weve decided among ourselves is the wrecker and this is because this person will speak very sweetly to you, and in the meantime, stab your back, one way or another, behind you. M: Right, and what should I do about that? W: Well, you have to be your own,

34、wage your own PR campaign, that is public relation campaign. As soon as you detect that somebody is talking negatively about you, you need to just make sure that youre at every meeting and find out what the person is saying about you. And wage your own PR campaign, get people to speak better of you,

35、 and ultimately they get caught. M: Right. The key with the wrecker is you have to detect it. When does it get to the point that either you have to quit or the annoying person has to quit? W: Thats a really good question. And what we say in Working With You Is Killing Me is that, you actually have t

36、o figure out your tolerance level and you also need to determine what your fatal attractions are. For some people as I have mentioned are tolerable, if they use our technique and learn to manage up, they can deal with it; for others that are just not acceptable and the toxins from working with someo

37、ne like that literally wear away at their health. M: All right, I see. Thank you. I appreciate it. Which of the following is NOT mentioned to pay attention to in terms of dealing with boundary busters? 本题设题点在方法途径处。根据听力原文可知，针对恼人的破坏界限者，还是应该控制脾气，以确保可以采取最积极的行动，故排除A和D；根据听力原文可知，关键在于交流的方式，故排除B。因此C为正确答案。 2.

38、A.Because they nag you all the time.B.Because they play a double game with you.C.Because they hurt you emotionally.D.Because they do harm to your body.答案:B听力原文 Why is the worst kind of co-workers called the wreckers? 本题设题点在原因解释处。根据听力原文可知，最糟糕的同事被称为破坏者是因为他们当面甜言蜜语，背后暗箭伤人，因此B“口蜜腹剑”为正确答案。 3.A.Trying to f

39、ind out what they said about you.B.Treating other co-workers well.C.Giving a good impression on others.D.Catching them on the spot.答案:D听力原文 What is unnecessary for you to do when dealing with persons called wreckers? 本题设题点在方法途径处。根据听力原文可知，对付破坏者最好的方法就是亲自找出那些背后说你坏话的人，知道他们到底说了些什么，然后开展你的公关活动，给同事们留下好的印象，让

40、他们知道你是什么样的人，这样那些谎言就不攻自破了。因此D为正确答案。 4.A.To carry out your own PR campaign.B.To flatter your colleagues.C.To detect the back-stabbing.D.To be yourself.答案:C听力原文 What is the key with the wreckers? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，对付破坏者的方法是你要做自己，开展你的公关活动，但并未强调这是关键方法，故排除A和D；原文并未提及恭维同事，所以排除B。根据听力原文可知，对付破坏者的关键方法是发现他们在背后暗箭

41、伤人，因此C为正确答案。 5.A.How bad the co-workers are.B.How much you can bear annoying people.C.How many annoying workers there are.D.How much you can change yourself.答案:B听力原文 What is the key to deciding on whether you should quit or not? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，取决你去留的关键在于你的容忍度有多大，因此B为正确答案。 (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 6.A

42、.We are disorganized.B.We are forgetful.C.We have bought too many things.D.We misplace a lot of things.答案:A听力原文 M: And this morning on Todays How-To: saving time, work, family, errands, chores, but how about having some fun once in a while? Well, Good Housekeeping Magazine has some advice on how you

43、 can stop wasting time and get it all done. And here with several top tips, is Carolyn Forte. Good morning! W: Good morning, Hoda, nice to be here! M: You know, a lot of us spend time looking for things in the morning. Its the glasses; its the keys; and you never know when it comes out the next time

44、. W: Yeah, I have those similar experiences. M: What are the biggest mistakes we made when it comes to that? W: And to speak to what youre saying, I think the best way to handle it is being organized. When youre disorganized, you dont know where things are, youre searching from drawers, through clos

45、ets, trying to find the thing that didnt go back where it belongs. So if you can stay your belongings organized, you can really save some time. M: All right. Lets start saving time right this minute. OK? W: Okay. M: Your No.1 tip here is bank online. Now some people are afraid to do it, but you say,

46、 its something smart. W: Yeah, it is very safe. And we certainly recommend that you use your own banks website. So go to the bank, talk to the customer service representatives there. If you have some questions about how to do it, how safe it is, its the best way to find out how safe it is. M: And ho

47、w much time do you think you saved, Carolyn, by doing that? W: You know, if you can write in a lot of checks, if youre making transfers, checking your statements, you can save 30 minutes, even up to an hour. M: Surely its a big amount of time. Then the second tip is online grocers. Now, thats really

48、 not common for everyone, but you actually go grocery shopping online. W: Thats exactly what you should do. And of course, if you are the type of person that wants to read every label and look at every piece of fruit, its probably not suitable for you. But, you know, if you want to give up a little

49、control, you can definitely save some time. M: And whats the good strategy if you decide to shop online? What is the biggest mistake we make when we always spend time looking for things in the morning? 本题设题点在对话问答处。根据听力原文可知，当谈到我们经常在早上花时间找东西时，我们所犯的最大错误就是没有条理，因此A为正确答案。 7.A.Organizing things well.B.Deal

50、ing with money transaction on the Internet.C.Not being too choosy while going online grocery.D.Asking for others good advice.答案:D听力原文 Which suggestion is INCORRECT as to saving time? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，将物品整理好以便随时使用可以节约时间，故排除A；根据听力原文可知，通过网上银行完成各项交易可以节约时间，故排除B；根据听力原文可知，不是太挑剔的人比较适合网上购物，以节约时间，故排除C；访谈中没有涉

51、及向他人寻求良好建议，因此D为正确答案。 8.A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.答案:A听力原文 How many tips related to the Internet have been mentioned by Carolyn? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，使用网上银行和在网上进行购物这两条建议都与网络有关，因此A为正确答案。 9.A.Its very secure.B.Its better to use your own banks website.C.Consumer service representatives are the ones to co

52、nsult.D.It can not save you a big amount of time.答案:D听力原文 As to bank online, which of the following statements is INCORRECT? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，使用个人银行网页，网上银行是很安全的；同时，如果你有任何疑问，客服代表都会提供帮助，故排除A、B和C。再根据听力原文可知，当有比较多的事情需要处理时，譬如当需要填写很多的支票、转很多账、检查很多结算单的时候，网上银行可以节省不少时间，因此D为正确答案。 10.A.To open an account.B.To f

53、ill out many checks.C.To transfer money.D.To check statements.答案:A听力原文 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the function of online banking? 本题设题点在信息列举处。根据听力原文可知，如果能在网上填写很多的支票、转账和检查结账单，就能省下半个到一个小时的时间，故排除B、C和D。原文并未提及开账户，因此A为正确答案。 PART LANGUAGE USAGE For the first time in 70 years, the Food and D

54、rug Administration (FDA) released two major requirements for improving food safety. On Friday, the FDA released two draft rule proposals for food safety that will allow the FDA to shift its focus to preventing, rather than simply 1react, to food borne illnesses. Despite the delay, public health advo

55、cates 2heralded the proposals as a major step in implementing the landmark FDAFood Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) that President Obama had signed 3into law two years ago, giving the FDA one year to put the policies in the 4place. The regulations needed, as evidenced by the series of dangerous food

56、5 safety slip-ups in recent years that required recalls of spinach, cantaloupe,sprouts, turkey and ground beef with microbes, as well as the FDAs shut-in 6of the organic peanut butter plant Sunland Inc. in New Mexico, whichproduced salmonella-tainted peanut butter that sickened 42 consumersnationwide. The regulations, the first reforms in food safety in more than 70 years, are desig