[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟406

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟406专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟406专业八级分类模拟406WRITING问题:1. 题目要求：The phrase everybodys doing it is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence exerted on an individual in order to get that person to act or believe in a similar way as a larger group. Most p

2、eople experience it in some way during their lives. The following excerpt is about peer pressure and alcohol. The author presents his opinion on peer pressure. Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the authors opinion; 2. giv

3、e your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Peer Pressure In the United States, over 80% of college students have at least one alcoholic drink over a two-w

4、eek time period. Of these college students, 40% are binge drinking (i.e., having four or more drinks) on occasion, which greatly surpasses the rate of their non-college peers. Research suggests that this discrepancy between college students and their non-college peers is largely due to the college e

5、nvironment. More specifically, college students must experience a transitional period from depending on their parents at home to depending on their peers on campus. Peer interactions may be essential for college students in that peers provide the guidance and support needed to circumvent this transi

6、tional period. In addition, the freshman population is particularly reliant on peer groups because they are new to the college environment and are attempting to adapt to the college lifestyle. Although peers may be an essential coping mechanism during this transitional period, the increase of peer i

7、nvolvement in a students everyday life may influence the increase of peer pressure as well. Peer pressure, or the direct or indirect encouragement from ones own age group to engage in activities that they may or may not want to engage in, is a major factor in the development of students risk-taking

8、behavior (e.g., alcohol use, drug use, and tobacco use). Peers act as an influential model by introducing, providing, or pressuring risky activities (i. e., alcohol use) to other peers. By modeling the behavior of their peers, college students are viewing alcohol use as a positive and socially accep

9、table experience. However, what college students fail to take into consideration are the negative consequences that are related to alcohol use, especially within a peer group context. For example, the leading cause of death for adolescents 17 to 20 years old is alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes

10、(US Department of Health and Human Services, 2011). In addition, about 400,000 college students between the ages of 18 and 24 have unprotected sex due to drinking. More than one fourth of those students report being too intoxicated to know if they even consented to have sex (US Department of Health

11、and Human Services, 2011). Therefore, it is imperative to understand peer pressure, as well as which groups of college students are more susceptible to it, in order to decrease these negative consequences from occurring. The social identity theory may help to explain why college students are influen

12、ced by peer pressure. The social identity theory suggests that a significant portion of an individuals self-concept is formed through their peer groups, with the in-groups being viewed more positively than the out-groups. In a college environment, it is essential for students to be associated with t

13、he in-groups in order to be socially accepted. Out-groups, such as freshmen college students and non-drinkers, may lack the social support needed during this transitional period because they are not fitting in with the majority of their peers. More specifically, non-drinkers would be considered an o

14、ut-group because they are not participating in the normative behavior of alcohol use. Subsequently, students who enter college determined to remain non-drinkers often give in to peer pressure in order to become a part of the in-group. This experience of feeling like an out-group is prevalent in fres

15、hmen college students as well. Freshmen are highly at risk for alcohol consumption because they are adapting to the college lifestyle and attempting to develop new friendship. Furthermore, vulnerable college groups (e.g., freshmen and non-drinkers) will give in to peer pressure in hopes to be social

16、ly accepted and have a successful transition to college. 答案:高分范文 My Views on Peer Pressure Frequently seen in college, peer pressure affects college students in various ways, alcohol consumption is just one of them. It is sometimes followed by motor vehicle crashes or unprotected sex. The social ide

17、ntity theory explains that, a large portion of individuals life-concepts are dependent on their peer groups, so they are eager to quickly get involved in the group and become one member. Unfortunately, freshers and vulnerable college groups are more easily to be influenced. Human beings are social a

18、nimals and therefore, they, especially the teens or the young will succumb to peer pressure, whether its positive or negative. It is very easy to get caught up in the moment when ugly and unexpected situations turn up and peer pressure kicks into high gear. What we need to be aware of is that its na

19、tural for one to be influenced by peers. In most cases, its due to the age and shouldnt be classified as good or bad. The first thing one needs to know to avoid negative peer pressure is to learn to tell right from wrong. Choosing friends by making smart choices is the key to greeting the positive e

20、ffects of peer pressure and keeping the negative ones at bay. One will probably forget that he has to live with the choices made inside a group. However, if it is contrary to ones character or core value concept it will result in distress later and he will feel regret or even guilty. Besides, a stro

21、ng support from family members or teachers is likely to help the young stay away from falling prey to negative peer pressure. Learning to shield from negative peer pressure needs to be taught. The common but inadequate solution is to isolate the young from peers, but the ideal solution is to teach t

22、hem to make good choices in life. 问题:2. In July 2016, a game app called Pokmon Go was released jointly by Nintendo and the Pokmon Company. Since its release, the world has gone crazy about this game. From the following two excerpts, you can see peoples enthusiasm about it and some of its pros and co

23、ns. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the main points of the pros and cons of Pokmon Go, and then 2. express your opinion towards this virtual reality game, especially how to eliminate the risks entailed in it and make it safer to enjoy. Marks will be awar

24、ded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 答案:范文1 Pokmon Goers Go Crazy Since it was released, people across ages, genders and races have become crazy about Pokmon Go. The most important

25、reason for its huge success is that for the first time in the history of smartphone games, the digital world is perfectly integrated with the real world. Instead of just sitting at home and facing their smartphones lonely, otakus and couch potatoes have begun to come out of the virtual world to seek

26、 adventures in the real world. Because of this game, people have become more willing to exercise outdoors. News about Pokmon Goers travelling miles through mountains and seas comes out every day. When trying to find out the hidden Pokmons, people begin to notice things they ignore before, like some

27、fascinating corners of their own gardens and some exotic animals in the forests. Pokmon Go blends exercise, enjoyment and discovery into one activity. Along the way to catch Pokmons, people begin to talk with strangers who instantly feel friendlier and closer to each other because they share the sam

28、e interest. Neighbors who seem too busy to talk with each other in daily life start to chat about their work and family after battling for some Pokmons. It is so much fun and helps people socialize at greater ease. Moreover, in this modern world where people are frightened by reports of terrorism an

29、d then get paranoid, Pokmon Go is the silver lining along the cloud. It lifts up peoples spirit, lightens peoples hope and thus eases social anxiety. 范文2 Pokmon Go Goes Risky While people are charmed by this newly released game, some people express their concern about the game players safety. Pokmon

30、 Go is highly praised for providing an excellent opportunity for people to come outdoors to exercise and socialize. However, the real world is not as safe and simple as the digital world. Along with the good news comes the bad news about people killed in accidents when seeking Pokmons. They pay so m

31、uch attention to their smartphones that they become totally unaware of the surroundings in the real world. They may fall off the cliffs and fall into waters and get drowned. They may be hit by vehicles and killed due to deadly injuries. Except for these unintentionally invited accidents, people may

32、get harmed by evil people who take advantage of the players innocence and simplicity. They dont share the same interest in the game, but they can still use the app to set up lures to attract players. After the players are guided to some secluded places, they may be robbed, kidnapped or even murdered

33、. Whats more, although the game is said to be able to help people relax and heal peoples depression, one phycologist cautions that it may actually put people into a more intense state. When catching Pokmons, people feel to be assigned a mission which they have to devote all their energy to fulfillin

34、g. If this state goes on for a long time, people will be exhausted, hence greater pressure. 问题:3. 题目要求：Celebrities are some of the worlds most influential trend setters in the world of fashion, style, movies, television, food, diets, and everything else in between. The question of whether celebritie

35、s should have the right to privacy remains controversial. The following are opinions on this issue. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content releva

36、nce, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Vincent (China) Everyone has the right to privacy and the paparazzi should not be allowed to interfere in their life. They should be arrested and fined for invading th

37、e privacy of others and the magazines who buy the pictures should be sued as well. Why should actors be treated like this? Just because they earn more money or because of what? I think it is unfair because the paparazzi are killing the actors and pushing them too far. Vicki (the UK) Celebrities know

38、 perfectly well that when they are famous, the press is going to try and dig out all the secrets from their private life, but I do think that some things should be private because we are all human! Hannah (the US) I think that it seems a bit unfair that the press is too hard on the celebrities. Some

39、 celebrities just want to be a singer, or an actor, rather than a red-carpet walking person. Theyre just doing something that they really love and are so good at that they are famous for it. Linda (the UK) Even though they should have the right to their privacy, the reality is that once you put your

40、self in the spotlight, you must expect a certain amount of attention in your personal life. Its the price you pay for having such a high profile occupation or lifestyle. Oshuy (France) French law states that taking a picture of you while you are in your house or car or anywhere private without your

41、consent is forbidden, but allows any shot taken in a public area (with restrictions concerning publication). If the shot is taken at home, paparazzi may be fined. If the shot is taken inside and published, the publisher may be sued for reparations. Mark Borkowski (Russia) If you want privacy, you ca

42、n obtain it by keeping a delicate balance between the needs of promoting what you have to professionally and how you conduct your life. You need to have a long-term commitment to the amount of fame you have generated. You cant switch it on and off, so you have to have a strategy of dealing with it.

43、Christy (the US) I think that like everyone, they have the right to privacy in their houses, of their medical records, etc., just like you and me, but when they go out in public, they are fair game for the paparazzi. Its public knowledge that a job in the entertainment industry makes you a target fo

44、r this kind of thing. There are some entertainers who do a good job at remaining private, and I dont think thats entirely by chance. They arent necessarily hanging out at the hollywood hotspots or getting into mischief that draws attention, and therefore arent as easy to follow. I think that they ar

45、e well compensated in the size of their paychecks. Its one of those things where you have to take the good with the bad. 答案:高分范文 Celebrities also Need Privacy The issue of whether celebrities should have privacy is delicate. Most people agree that they deserve privacy because they are also humans. H

46、owever, as the public figures, they have to compromise part of their privacy because they have to pay the price for being famous. Whats more, privacy can be obtained by celebrities if they are willing to and the law protects their rights as well. Human beings are guaranteed constitutionally protecte

47、d rights to safety, privacy and freedom of expression. Celebrities without doubt belong to this category as well. The mass medias digging out the celebrities privacy actually is for the sake of their own benefits by accommodating the public interest and sacrificing the celebrities basic rights. Alth

48、ough celebrities image depends much on the public media, their life deserves respect. Otherwise, they will be prone to excessive pressures and some tragedies like Princess Diana may arise. Sometimes, fans also put their idols in danger for the excessive exposure. On the other hand, celebrities shoul

49、d recognize that to a certain extent they are public property, which means that they need both fans and the mass media to earn a decent life, which they should be fully aware of. In spite of that, it can still be possible for them to have a private life. Firstly, they need tactics and wisdom to hand

50、le their relationships with the media and their fans. Secondly and more importantly, celebrities should take care of themselves by acting and behaving well not only in their work but also in their daily life. This is not just because they have prominent profiles and are mostly model-makers, but also

51、 because they will definitely fall victim to paparazzi for their gossip affairs. Moreover, a good team, which both handles crises and offers appropriate consultation for celebrities, is a must. 问题:4. With the fast development of financial market in China, campus consumption has drawn the attention o

52、f many investors. They have begun to lend money to students, especially university students, to gain high profits. From the excerpts, you can see that there are still many problems when students try to borrow money through online platforms. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you sh

53、ould: 1. summarize the main points of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion about online loaning and suggest what measures can be taken to prevent potential risks. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality. Failure to follow the

54、 above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 答案:范文1 Why Go Online to Borrow? In 2009, China Banking Regulatory Commission enacted regulations that required banks to gradually stop issuing credit cards to university students according to their age. Because of this, it has become more and more d

55、ifficult for university students to apply for credit cards from banks. Thereafter, traditional credit cards are unable to enter the financial loaning market in universities. Students have to find other outlets for their great need of money. As a response to this great disparity between students dire

56、 need of money and the difficulty of obtaining credit cards, online loaning has gained much popularity and momentum in recent years. Online loaning companies use various ways to advertise their online loaning products. They hire people to disperse pamphlets on the street or utilize the influence of

57、online social networking that young people like to visit, like Wechat and Qzone. In order to attract university students, these companies make an effort to advertise the advantages of online loaning, such as no requirement of guarantors or guaranty; money lent the very day. Also, they prey on young

58、peoples vanity of financial independence by propagandizing that you no longer need to ask for money from your parents or borrow money from your friends; you can spend money as you like and save your face at the same time. 范文2 Vicious Cycle after Borrowing Online According to a survey, over 67% of university students approve of installment consumption. While 33% of them disapprove of this kind of consumption, 78% of these studen