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1、英语初中英语定语从句练习题一、定语从句1lily doesn t know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _parents have left their hometown for making money.a that; whoseb how; whoc what; who【答案】 dd what; whose【解析】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语; what 引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父
2、母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句, what ,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little宾语boy 和 parents考点:英语从句是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选d。2what kind of movies do you prefer?i prefer the movies _me something to think about.a which giveb that givesc which gives【答案】 ad who gives【解析】句意: 你喜欢什么类型的电影?我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies
3、,引导定语从句的关联词用that或 which ,排除c,d;定语从句的主语that或which指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为a。3success will belong to thosenever say“ impossible”.a whomb whatc whod which【答案】c【解析】试题分析:句意:成功属于那些永远不说不可能的人。此处考的是定语从句,先行词是those那些人,而且关系代词在句中做主语,所以用who,选c; whom可指代人,但做宾语; which只能指物,故选c。考点:考查定语从句。4ant forest is a popular mobile
4、app_ allows people to plant real trees in the desert bycollectinga what“ green energy points b who.c whomd which【答案】d【解析】【详解】蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。考查定语从句。本句为定语从句,先行词是a popular mobile app指物,关系词用which ,故选 d。5this is the most beautiful picture _ i have ever seen.a thatb whichc whatd w
5、ho【答案】a【解析】句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that 。结合句意和语境可知选a。点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况:当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing ( something 除外) , all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等词修饰时。如:have you set down everything that mr li said? there se
6、ems to be nothing that is impossible tohim in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who 。如: any man that /who has a sense of duty won t do such任a何thing有责.任感的人都不会做这样的事。all theguests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:the first american movie th
7、at iwatched was the titanic. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:this is the best museumthat i have visited all my life. 4.当先行词被 the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如:she is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:wang hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5.
8、当先行词前面有 who,which 等疑问代词时。如:who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁? which is the room that mr wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间?当先行词人与物时。如: look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.当先行词是 reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that 代替 in which, for which, why,也常可省略。如:she a
9、dmired the way ( that ) they solved the questions.6i will never forget the fire _ happened in shanghai last year.a whenbwherec whatd which【答案】【解析】【分析】d考点:考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析:句意:我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词从句要用 which 引导。 what 不引导定语从句;when 先行词是时间;点;根据题意,故选d。the fire where是物,故其定语先行词是地7being blind is something _ m
10、ost people cana whob whatc that【答案】 c t imagine.d whom【解析】先行词是something ,关系代词用that 。【考点】定语从句引导词。8-have you got ready for the soccer game ?-yes, ive done everything _ i can to win the game.a whob thatc which【答案】b【解析】【详解】句意: 你准备好参加足球比赛了吗? 是的,我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词, who 的先行词是人, that 的先行词是人或物, which
11、的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时,只能用that ,不能用which ,故答案为b。【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有:可用 that 或 who ,指物时可用that (指人或物),which (指物), who (指人)。指人时that 或 which ,但有时只能用that 不能用 which 。常见的情况有下列五种:当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:is there anything that i can do for you?有什么可以为你做的吗?all that can be done must be don
12、e. 凡是能做的都必须做。当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:that is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop. 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。the first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时。例如:my necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链
13、不仅是丢掉的东西。当王句以复。例如:who 或 which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用 which或who 。以避免重who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that 不用 which 。例如:the writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。9wang yangming is a great educationalistde
14、veloped most of his thoughts in xiuwen.a whichb whatc who【答案】 c【解析】【详解】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。a. which 关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;b. what 不能引导定语从句;c. who词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,根据educationalis 指人,所以用who ,故选 c。关系10 du fuguo is a herois known to millions of chinese people.a whob whichc what【答案】a【解析】【详解】句
15、意 “杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从句。a.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;b.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;c.定语从句中关系词没有what 。先行词为a hero,指人,在从句中作主语,故选【点睛】a。做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。11 my mother doesnt like stories _have sad endings.a thatb whoc whered those【答案】a【解析】【详解】句意:我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。根据句子结构可知这里考查
16、定语从句的引导词,先排除d;先行词是stories,指物,排除b;且定语从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词,排除c,故选:a。12 tom, where do you work?i work in a shop _ sells different kinds of vegetables.a whichb whoc whered what【答案】 a【解析】【详解】句意: tom,你在哪里工作。我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知,横线处及后面是定语从句,首先排除d 选项,what 不能作关系词;空格处缺少主语,副词不能作主语,所以排除从句中,关系代词取决于前面的先行词,先
17、行词是人,关系代词用c 选项who 或where ;在定语 that ;先行词如果是物,关系代词应用which或that ;本句中根据先行词a shop 是物,所以关系词用which ,排除 b 选项;故答案选a。13 most students like the teachersunderstand them well.a whichb whoc whered when【答案】【解析】b试题分析:句意:绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析:考查定语从句的用法,先行词是 the teacher, 先行词在从句中作主语,因此引导词用 who.故选 b 考点:考查定语从句的用法。14-
18、who is the man _ was talking to our english teacher?-oh! it s mr baker, our maths teacher.a hebthatc whomd which【答案】 b【解析】试题分析:句意:-和我们的英语老师说话的那个人是谁?-哦,是 baker 先生,我们的数学老师。根据句意可知,这里考查的是定语从句。he 只是一个代词,不能引导从句;which引导定语从句时,先行词应是物,但是这里的先行词是the man ,指的是人;whom 引导定语从句时,先行词是人,在定语从句中做宾语,但是现在从句中缺少主语,因此whom 也不行。
19、故选 that , that 引导定语从句时,先行词可以是人也可以是物,在从句中可以做主语和宾语。考点:考查关系代词。15 the movie _ we saw last night was fantastic.a thatb whatc whose【答案】 a【解析】【详解】句意:我们昨晚看的那场电影好极了。考查定语从句引导词。本句定句从句的先行词the movie中作宾语,可知使用关系代词that 或 which ;故选 a。d who是物,并且关系代词在定语从句16 the photos successfully show the rich culture _makes shiyan s
20、o famous.a whatb whichc whod why【答案】 b【解析】【详解】句意:这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。a. what 不能作为定语从句的连接词; b. which 先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;c. who 先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;d. why 引导定语从句时,在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture ,指物,引导定语从句的关联词只能用which ,故答案为b。【点睛】在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一
21、致。1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗 ?( who/that 在从句中作主语)he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。( whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同 of which 互换),例如:they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down
22、. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于 介词 + which 结构,因此常常和 介词 + which 结构交替使用,例如:beijing is the place where ( in which ) i was born. 北京是我的出生地。17the english-chinese dictionarymy father bought for me many years ago is
23、 still of greathelp.awhosebthatcwhodwhen【答案】 b【解析】试题分析:句意:多年前我爸爸为我买的英汉词典仍然有很大的帮助。先行词在定语从句中作宾语,可以用关系代词that 代替,所以选b。考点:考查关系代词。dictionary18 why dont you like fishing?fishing is a hobby_needs much patience,but im not patient at all.a thatb whoc whom【答案】 ad where【解析】试题分析:句意:你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好,但是我一点
24、耐心都没有。本题考查定语从句。先行词hobby (爱好)指事物,关系代词应用that或 which. 故选 a 项。考点:考查定语从句的用法19 most grandmas prefer the song little apple that they can dance their square dances to .a that b whose c where d how 【答案】 a【解析】试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌,她们能跟着跳广场舞。a. that那个; b.whose关系词谁的; c. where 在哪;that 。根据题意。故选d. how a。怎样;这里是tha
25、t引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用考点:考查定语从句20 the first thing _ i have to do now is to keep healthy.a whichb thatc whod whom【答案】b【解析】试题分析:句意:我现在不得不做的第一件事是保持健康。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1 关系代词:who ,whom , whose , which , that 。 2 关系副词: where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which用来指代物的先行词,that既可指人又可指物。关系代词
26、在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which:先行词本身是all , everything ,something , nothing , anything等不定代词时,先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或thelast, the only等作定语时,先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词有序数词修饰,故选b。考点:考查定语从句的用法。21 what do you think of the book a haw tree written by a woman writer?it reminds me of the days _ i spent in the countryside
27、.a whenb thatc who【答案】 bd where【解析】此题考查定语从句的引导词,先行词是the days,从句中i spent 后缺少宾语,故用关系代词,所以选b。22 i d like to tell you about the table manners _ you should know when you visit korea.a whichbwhoc whatd how【答案】a【解析】试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问朝鲜时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。which哪一个;who谁; what什么;how怎么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作表语,可用关系代词w
28、hich代替。所以选a。考点:考查定语从句。23 tommy couldnt stop thinking about the boy _ made him a fool in front of the wholeclass.a whomb whichc who【答案】 c【解析】句意: tommy 不禁想起了那个使他在全班面前出丑的那个男孩。此处的定语从句,修饰先行词 the boy ,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故用who ,故选 c。24 fewer and fewer people spend time reading. there were only 49% of adults in
29、the us_ visited a public library last year.a whob wherec whend which【答案】a【解析】句意:越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修饰名词 adults ,作定语从句的主语,故用关系代词who,故选 a。25 i ll never forget the important people in my life _ helped and supported me.a whob whatc whichd whose【答案】 a【解析】句意:我将用不忘记那些在我的生活中帮助我和支持我的重要的人。修饰先
30、行词定语从句,缺少主语,故用代词who 。故选 a。people的26 -what do you think of the sun island? is it worth visiting?-of course. it s one of the best placesi have ever been to.a whichb thatc who【答案】b【解析】句意:你认为考察定语从句sun island 怎样?它值得参观吗?当然,它是我去过的最好的地方之一。that 的用法。当先行词前边有最高级时,关系词用that 。故选 b27 the first thing_ i did on mother s day was fasttomakeforhebreak.a whob wherec whosed that【答案】 d【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是the firstthing ,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her 是表语。前面的 the first thing, 定语从句中
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