[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟234

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟234专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟234专业八级分类模拟234LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE T

2、HAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minu

3、tes to check your work. What Is Literary Writing? . Distinguishing features of literary writing A. Primarily distinguishable 1 : creative or artistic content B. Two differences from a specialized treatises: attracting not only a specific class of readers, but all 2 3 used more profoundly than when o

4、nly to convey information . Literature is a vital record of the 4 A. 5 : used for the rhetorical effect B. Devices: tone, rhyme, rhythm, 6 , dialogue and its variations such as dialects and slang, etc. . Literary writing is, in essence, a 7 A 8 personal view trying to evoke a response in his reader

5、. Literature is a process of 9 A. Personal motivation: a(n) 10 characteristic of literary writing B. Things the artist needs to do: 11 within himself reaching toward the truth . The common nature of many different genres of the novel, like the 12 A. Books, consisting of words that have been used to

6、express something B. Subjective value judged by 13 C. Writers literature should encompass: numerous different kinds of writers whose works endure D. The aim of every artist: to 14 changing life, which makes him immortal . Conclusion Literature is 15 , a response to life. (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1.答案:fe

7、ature/characteristic听力原文 What Is Literary Writing? Good morning, welcome to our writing class. Today wed like to take a glimpse on literary writing. The term literary writing calls to mind works by writers such as Shakespeare, Milton or Wordsworth; definitive examples of all that the term implies. W

8、e instinctively associate the term with characteristics such as artistic merit, creative genius, and the expression of mankinds noblest qualities. In this lecture I will explore some of the characteristics of this kind of writing. Literary works are primarily distinguishable from other pieces of wri

9、ting by their creative or artistic content. A piece of literature differs from specialized treatises on astronomy, political economy, philosophy, or even history, in part because it appeals, not to a particular class of readers only, but to men and women; and in part because, while the object of the

10、 treatise is simply to impart knowledge, one ideal end of the piece of literature, whether it also imparts knowledge or not, is to yield aesthetic satisfaction by the manner of which it handles its theme. In fundamental terms literature is an expression of life through the medium of language, but la

11、nguage used more profoundly than when used simply to convey information. Literature is a vital record of what people have seen in life; what they have experienced of it, what they have thought and felt about those aspects of it which have the most immediate and enduring interest for all of us. So li

12、terary writing, haying creative and artistic content, is more carefully structured and uses words for the rhetorical effect of their flow, their sound, and their emotive and descriptive qualities. Literary writers can also employ lone, rhyme, rhythm, irony, dialogue and its variations such as dialec

13、ts and slang, and a host of other devices in the construction of a particular prose work, poem or play. Literary writing is, in essence, a response, a subjective personal view which the writer expresses through his themes, ideas, thoughts, reminiscences, using his collection of words to try to evoke

14、 a response in his reader. It is not only a question of the artist looking into himself but also a question of his looking into others with the experience he has of himself. He writes with sympathy because he feels that the other man is like him. Literature is a process of communication; it helps us

15、 to understand life. Perhaps we should also consider the motivation of the writer as a factor which distinguishes literary from other forms of writing. The writers motivation is the energy that pulls together the strands of his creativity in the shaping of the finished work. Personal motivation is a

16、n essential characteristic of literary writing. It is the engine behind creativity, some of the great themes not only in literary writing, but in all the arts: love, death, war, and peace, seem to provide permanent inspiration for artists. So perhaps an inventory of literary writers motives should i

17、nclude the overflowing of their passions, their desire for self-expression, an abiding fascination with humanity in all its variety, the need to come to grips with relationships as they really are in the world as it really is, the striving after an ideal world which can exist only in the imagination

18、, and, perhaps at the heart of it all, the need to form, shape things of beauty. The artist needs to resolve conflicts within himself, to reach an understanding, to search for some credible meaning of life, death, and everything. He is always reaching toward some sort of truth; an artistic creative

19、truth, a truth that resides in the individual artist and needs to be grasped, made real, made understandable. Perhaps in some cases the artists motivation could be seen as a need to create other worlds, in order that they can project real conflicts onto another plane. The many different genres of th

20、e novel constitute a particular challenge to the concept of literary writing. Detective novels, and science fiction novels, for example, are creative, imaginative, depictions of life. We might question their seriousness as literature, or whether they can achieve the high ideals of art, but then we m

21、ight equally well question the meaning of seriousness, and the high ideals of art. Popular novels may not deal with lifes great conflicts, or search for truth and beauty, and they may deal with the dark side of life, or escape into the fantastic, but can they still be considered literature? Do they

22、still make an important contribution to our understanding of the world, as real literature does? Obviously literary works take an event, an aspect of life as a nucleus and construct a world around that core. They are works about real people, engaged in the real business of living. They convey knowle

23、dge, understanding, experience and are hence considered important. Yet they have in common with the detective and science fiction novels that they are books, consisting of words that have been used to express something, words that may or may not be read, and may or may not succeed in conveying an un

24、derstanding of the world they depict. In my view it comes down to subjective value judgments. I believe literature is a broad church which ought to be able to deal with any subject, and that ultimately it is individual reader, or readers all together, who decide on the value of any particular work a

25、nd on whether or not it deserves a place in the annals of literary history. Writers aim to show us the world, but no single writer can do this, and literature should encompass numerous different kinds of writers because each is trying to show us something which cannot be shown as a whole. Each can o

26、nly give us his own small fragment of understanding. Ultimately it is those works which endure that should be considered literature, those which have succeeded in holding firm a fragment of life, to be seen, to be read, to be understood. Perhaps we should let a writer have the last word on summing u

27、p the writers art: The aim of every artist is to arrest motion, which is life, by artificial means and hold it fixed, so that a hundred years later, when a stranger looks at it, it moves again since it is life. Since man is mortal, the only immortality possible for him is to leave something behind h

28、im that is immortal since it will always move. In conclusion, literary writing does embody certain distinguishing characteristics. It is a self-conscious, imaginative mode of writing which uses words not just to convey information, but as an art form. Ultimately it is a response to life. This is the

29、 end of the lecture. Thank you very much! 考点 本题考查对信息的概括。 根据听力原文可知，文学作品区别于其他形式作品的特点主要在于它的内容富于创造性、艺术性。根据题干可知，应填名词“特征”，故答案为feature或characteristic。 2.答案:human beings考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，文学作品与那些专题论文，诸如天文学、政治经济学、哲学甚至是历史，有很大的不同，部分原因可能是文学作品吸引的不仅是某一类特定的读者，而且还吸引所有的男人与女人，即全人类，所以填human beings。 3.答案:language考点

30、本题设题点在转折处。 根据听力原文可知，从根本上讲，文学是一种以语言为媒介来表达生活的方式，而文学中的语言比仅仅传达信息时所用的语言更为深刻、广泛，故答案为language。 4.答案:authors opinion考点 本题设题点在分论点处。 根据听力原文可知，文学记录的是人们所见、所经历、所思、所感的东西，这些东西具有及时性，并且令人很感兴趣，换句话说，文学就是作者的观点，所以填authors opinion。 5.答案:Words考点 本题设题点在结果处。 根据听力原文可知，文学写作拥有创造性、艺术性的内容，以及缜密的布局结构。词汇应用也非常讲究修辞手法，故答案为Words，注意首字母大

31、写。 6.答案:irony考点 本题设题点在信息列举处。 根据听力原文可知，文学作家可以使用像音调、押韵、节奏、讽刺、对话，以及像方言、俚语这样的语言变体等语言工具来组织特定的散文、诗歌或剧本，故答案为irony。 7.答案:response考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，文学写作本质上就是对生活的反映，所以填response。 8.答案:subjective考点 本题设题点在定义概念处。 根据听力原文可知，文学写作是指作者使用其所掌握的词汇，通过主题、观点、思想、回忆来表达主观的个人观点，以引起读者的共鸣，故答案为subjective。 9.答案:communication考点

32、本题设题点在分论点处。 根据听力原文可知，文学写作是一个交流的过程，它“有助于我们了解生活”，所以填communication。 10.答案:essential考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，作者个人的写作动机是文学作品的一个本质特征，故答案为essential。 11.答案:resolving conflicts考点 本题设题点在具体措施处。 根据听力原文可知，艺术家需要在文学作品中解决自己的内心冲突，获得理解，寻求生命、死亡以及任何事情的本质意义，故答案为resolving conflicts，注意应使用-ing形式。 12.答案:detective novels/scienc

33、e fictions考点 本题设题点在分论点处。 根据听力原文可知，例如：侦探小说和科幻小说都是对生活创造性、想象性的描述，所以填detective novels/science fictions。 13.答案:readers考点 本题设题点在并列关系处。 根据听力原文可知，文学作品的价值要由每个读者来评定，决定它是否有资格在文学历史长河中占据一席之地，故答案为readers。 14.答案:arrest考点 本题设题点在目的处。 根据听力原文可知，每个艺术家的目的都是通过艺术的手法抓住不断变化的生活，使其固定下来，以便在上百年后，当陌生人来看的时候，它能够再次鲜活起来，因为这样才是生活，故答案

34、为arrest。 15.答案:an art form考点 本题设题点在结语处。 根据听力原文可知，文学作品是自我意识和富有想象力的写作模式，这些语言不仅用来传达信息，而且还是一种艺术形式，故答案为an art form。 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Bot

35、h the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1.A.How to borrow money from relativ

36、es.B.What to notice when lending money to family members.C.How to deal with family members owing your money.D.Whether to lend money to relatives.答案:B听力原文 M: What if one day, one member of your family turns to you for lending him or her some money? With the dos and donts of lending money to family, w

37、e are joined by Mility Hopson, GMA financial contributor and president of Ariel Capital Management. Welcome. W: Thank you. M: So can we narrow it down? Is there a yes-no answer to the question: should you lend family money? W: I wouldnt call it a yes-no answer; I would start with a very basic idea.

38、Before you think about this familiar obligation issue, lets start with: Can you afford it? And if you cant afford it, that answers the question right away. Also can you afford it if they dont pay you back? A bank thinks about the same thing. They assess the risk of the loan they are going to make, a

39、nd they dont make loans that are going to make them insolvent. You shouldnt either, but if you go down this path, the one thing that I suggest you that helps mute some of the resentment or problems that can occur: document it. Documentation helps a lot. M: So those are the guidelines basically. Your

40、e saying: write it down on paper, sign it, date it, and interest rates. Someone said, the interest rates are low, so this is a good deal. We do look at family as a good deal, even for paying an interest. Thats usually lower than the market rate, right? W: Well, I would start with, you want your name

41、s, the date, the amount, the purpose which you also have the right to know. A bank would ask you what the loan is for. You may not want to lend a family member money for a vacation versus a medical bill. M: And you should tell them that you dont want to pay for their trip to Disney World. W: Absolut

42、ely. The terms may or may not include interest. They may include a payment plan. And last but not least, sign it, copy it, make sure you both have a copy and when you get into issues, you pull out that piece of paper. M: And you should have the hurt, supposed to be able to say to the person: I dont

43、think I want to loan you money for this purpose. Whats the main topic of this part of the interview? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，此次采访的主题是关于借钱给家人的注意事项，并请来了Mility Hopson，故B为正确答案。A与原文意思不符，因此排除；C和D只是本次采访讨论的问题之一，并非主题，故排除。 2.A.Supportive.B.Oppositive.C.Objective.D.Subjective.答案:C听力原文 Whats Mility Hopsons attitude t

44、owards lending money to family members? 本题设题点在观点态度处。根据听力原文可知，Mility对于亲戚借钱的态度不只是支持或反对。在此段的后面，她根据具体情况给出了自己的建议，因此她对向亲戚借钱的态度是比较客观的，因此C为正确答案。 3.A.Dont lend money when you cant afford it.B.Dont lend money when you will face bankruptcy.C.Make a documentation when lending money.D.Lend money only when there

45、is profit.答案:D听力原文 Which suggestion is NOT given by Mility Hopson while asked for lending money? 本题设题点在对话问答处。听力原文提出建议一：不能负担就不借，故排除A；听力原文提出建议二：如果借了会破产也不要借，故排除B；听力原文提出建议三：如果你坚持要借出，最好写份证明，从而在法律上保护自己的权益，故排除C。由以上三条建议可知，有没有利益可图并不在借不借钱的考虑范围内，因此D为正确答案。 4.A.The date and name.B.The purpose of lending.C.The am

46、ount of money.D.The interest rate.答案:D听力原文 What information do you not have to put in your documentation while lending money? 本题设题点在对话问答处。根据听力原文可知，要在借款合约中签上你们双方的名字、借款日期、借款数额以及借款目的，故排除A、B和C；根据听力原文可知，借款合约中不一定要包括利息，因此D为正确答案。 5.A.To pay a medical bill.B.To make a trip.C.To purchase luxuries.D.To collect

47、 antiques.答案:A听力原文 For what purpose will you lend money to a family member according to the interviewee? 本题设题点在对比处。根据听力原文可知，被采访者提到，和支付医疗账单相比，你可能不会借钱给家人度假，故A为正确答案。 (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 6.A.To have an intense feeling of guilty.B.To advise them to borrow money from others.C.To get a loan for them from

48、the bank.D.To accommodate their requests.答案:B听力原文 W: Absolutely. But its worse if you feel tremendous guilt and do something that you dont want o do. You do it and it doesnt go well. Thats a really bad situation. So on the front-end, maybe you can advise them to go to someone else, maybe you can cos

49、ign for a loan for them at the bank, really to create that kind of distance that might be meeting them halfway. M: This is so loaded, because it is not just the stranger, right? This is all the family history, all the arguments, all the little things you did with your brother, sister or your parents

50、, whatever you get loaded from the back-end with emotions. W: There is no question about it, and there are certain people that think the family bank should always be open. That is not the case. There are also in most families a go-to person, who gets called again and again, because there is a sense

51、that they are good with money, they have the money and can loan it. And so those things just create tremendous stress around these issues in families. M: But it is hard to say no. You love this person, right? You want to help them out. But this maybe not be the best thing for the person. W: Well, it

52、s hard to say no, but sometimes you have to say no. M: And so that will affect your relationship, because you are going to deal with this person at holidays and family reunion. W: But you should know that its better than dealing with them when they are facing bankruptcy, because you didnt force them

53、 to look themselves in the mirror and try to take accountability for the life style that they were trying to maintain, which they quite frankly could not afford. It was just the fact. There were no two ways about it. M: Just now weve been talking about you as the bank in the family. What if you need

54、 to borrow money? How do you approach your family member? W: Well, if I need to borrow money, I will go to them in the most professional way and be the one saying this is what I need the money for. Id like to document this and write this down, and this is when you can be expected to receive the paym

55、ent. If I dont pay you back, I would be here before the money is due to renegotiate these terms, so they get a sense that I am very serious, very credible. M: Its also good for your own self-esteem. As you two get terms here, you are going to pay him back. W: There is no question about it. One interesting idea. Lets just