状语从句(完整归纳),推荐文档

1、1状语从句状语从句一分类：种类连接词注意区别：when/whenever/while/as/before/after/instantly/until/till/by the time/as soon as/hardlywhen/directly/no soonerthan/the moment/the minute/immediately有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句： the minute, the moment, every time, the first time时间例： The moment he reached the country, he started his

2、状语search. 他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句：directly例： Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet.校长一进来，大家就安静下来地点状语where/whereveras 和 when、while ：as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。 当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前， 只能用 when 引导这个从句， 不可用 as 或 while 。从句表示 随时间推移 连词能用 as，不用when 或 while 。till/until和 nottill/until：Until 可用于

3、句首，而till 通常不用于句首。where ，表示某一个；wherever ，表示任何一个。原因状语Because/as/since/now that/forbecause 和 since、for 、as、now that ：because 语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因， 回答 why 提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用 as 或 since。由 because 引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用 for 来代替。 但如果不是说明直接原因， 而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for 。now条件状语目的状语结果状语比较状语方式状语让步状语that都表示“既然”n

4、ow that 一定要是现在发生的， since可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。if/unless/once/in case/as long as/on condition that多用一般时态，如果表示一般将来的情况，就用一般现在时，如果表示过去将来的情况，就用一般过去时。(so) that,/in order that/for fear that/in case/lestso that 和 in order that后常接 may, should, could, would等情态动词其规律由 so 与 such 的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，so that, suchthat修饰名词

5、或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much,little连用，形成固定搭配。Than/a s as， not so/asas/the morethe moreas if, as though, as, (just)as-so，as if和 as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。Though/although/evenif/eventhough/as， nomatterwhat/who/which/how/when ， whatever/whoeveras 在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式； although 和 though

6、/whichever/however/whenever， whether-or-（不管 用正常语序，可和 yet 连用，但不可和but 连用- 都）时间 状语从句：when ()while ()as (, )before ()since ()till/until ()hardlywhen ()as soon as ( ) after ()not till/untilno soonerthan ( )地点 状语从句：原因 状语从句：目的 状语从句：结果 状语从句：2状语从句where ()wherever()because ()since ()as ()for ()now thatsothat=

7、in order thatso asnottoin caselestso+adj./adv.+thatso thatsuch+n.+thatthat让步 状语从句： though/althoughbutthough/althoughhowevereven thougheven ifno matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever（不论什么 /哪一个 /哪里 /谁 /何时）比较 状语从句： asasasnot as/soasthanthe+the+条件 状语从句： ifunlesss

8、o long ason condition that方式 状语从句： asjust asas ifas though二各种状语从句的简化方法：状由 when/while/as/once/whenever引导的时间状语从句语由 if/unless 引导的条件状语从句从由 though/although/even though/even if引导的让步状语从句句由 because 引导的原因状语从句由 wherever 引导的地点状语从句1 以 after 和 before 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于当主句的主语和祥 解 请从句的主语一致看状语时，且谓语动词为从句be，常省略

9、从句的主语和谓语be.after/before+doing sth.作状语。例：，she left the rich mans house= After singing，she left the rich mans houseAfter she sang2 以 as soon as 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth., 作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village= Mary began to oper

10、ate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village3 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。She stopped when she saw her husband= She stopped to see her husbandIf you want to understand the farmersyou must go to the countryside= To understand the farmersyou must go to the countryside4 结果状语从句和目的状语从

11、句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。He was so tied that he couldnt go any further= He was too tied to go any furtherI came here so that I could ask some questions= I came here(in order) to ask some questions5 以 when ， while 引导的时间状语从句和以 if 引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于 when/while/if +doi

12、ng sth. 作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。When he turned on the radiohe found it broken= When turning on the radiohe found it brokenWhile she was walking along the street she was hit by a car = While walking along the street she was hit by a car 6 原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。Since l didnt know ChineseI tr

13、ied to speak to her in English= Not knowing ChineseI tried to speak to her in English注意： 形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。As he was thirsty and eager to get a little resthe went into the tea-house= Thirsty and eager to get a little resthe went into the tea-house7 在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不

14、一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为 “with/without 名词或代词十分词 (短语 ) ”形式作状语。When the film start appeared, the children got exited= The film start appearingthe children got exited3If all the work is done, you can have a rest = With all the work doneNothing can live if there is no air = Nothing can live without air

15、 ， you can have a rest状语从句8 让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时， 常简化为with或in spite of介词短语作状语。例： Although he faced his death， he didnt say anything before the enemy= Facing the death，he didnt say anything before the enemy.Although there was danger ，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety= In spite of

16、 danger ， he rushed out to carry the boy to safety三表示 一 就 的结构hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan和as soon as都可以表示 一 就 的意思，例： Ihad hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.As soon as I got home, it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely或 no soo

17、ner 置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.四 As 引导的让步状语从句的倒装：1形容词 +as+主语 +系动词：例： Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。2过去分词 +as+主语 +系动词：例： Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it. 尽管这本书写得很好,作者还是不满意并打算修改它。3名词