大管轮面试 英语

1、大管轮面试问题及参考答案大管轮是轮机部非常重要的管理人员，因此船东对大管轮的面试和挑选非常重视。大管轮的面试一船集中在日常部门管理能力和轮机长的配合能力、服从意识，以及关于主、辅机、舵机以及甲板机械等机器设备的管理和保养等方面。同时，还要大管轮了解国际安全管理规则(ISM)的相关知识。1. What are the responsibilities of the First Engineer on board a ship?The First Engineer is under the leadership of the Chief Engineer. He is responsible fo

2、r the following.(1) Day-to-day running of the Engine room.(2) Management of the Engine department personnel.(3) Safety matters in the Engine room.(4) All maintenance and repair jobs on board ship(5) The main engine and its auxiliary equipment, steering gears, emergency equipments in engine room, etc

3、.(6) Making and implementing the PMS (Planned Maintenance System)(7) Requisition for, receipt and control of spare parts and stores(8) Supervision of the jobs of engine crew.(9) Keeping watch from 0400 to 0800 and from 1600 to 2000 except for UMS operation.2. What is your emergency position on the M

4、uster List on your last vessel?I control and operate the main engine except for the abandon-ship and fire in engine room emergency situations.3. Can you describe an emergency situation you ever encountered on board ships?No, I have never met any emergency situation before now.4. Which machineries an

5、d space parts should be under your charge?I should be responsible for the main engine, the service pumps for main engine, steering gear, accommodation air condition, provision of refrigerator and the emergency equipments. I should also prepare maintenance reports, fuel oil and lubrication oil sample

6、s analysis, inventory report of spare parts, store and spare parts requisitions, etc.5. Describe the procedure to start a fresh water generator, boiler, emergency generator?In case of fresh water generator:(1) Check the valves to make sure that they are in the normal position(2) Open the sea water v

7、alves of condenser and supply sea water to heating chamber(3) Start the sea water ejector pump to draw out the vacuum until the heating chamber vacuum reaches 93% (about 700 mmHg)(4) Open the water heating valves and keep the heating chamber temperature around 45 degrees Centigrade(5) When the conde

8、nsed water reaches a certain level, start the distilled water pump, and keep its pressure no less than 0.2MPa.(6) Start chemical liquid feed pump.In case of automatic boiler:(1) Check the water level to make sure there is normal volume of water inside(2) Open the vent valve on top of the boiler (if

9、it is first time to raise pressure from cold condition)(3) Confirm the boiler water supply pumps are in “Auto” condition(4) Switch on the power supply(5) Put the boiler control switch in “Auto” condition(6) Automatically start the boiler, close the air vent valve while the boiler steam pressure reac

10、hes 0.02 MPa.(7) Confirm the boiler can auto stop while it pressure reaches “high limit” (e.g. 0.7MPa)In case of manual boiler(1) Check the water level to make sure there is normal volume of water inside and put the feed water pump in “Auto” position(2) Open the vent valve on top of the boiler (if i

11、t is first time raise pressure from cold condition)(3) Put the draft fan in “Manual” position, and make preventive blow to avoid any possible explosion(4) Put the fuel oil pump in “Manual” position(5) Ignite fire by pressing the manual button, if the fire “On”, put valve(6) When the steam pressure r

12、eaches to 0.1MPa, close the air vent valve(7) After making sure that everything is in order, the normal burning can be done to make the steam pressure reach required levelIn case of emergency generator(1) Check the lube oil level in the crankcase and fuel oil level in the tank all in normal level(2)

13、 Check to see if there is any leakage(3) Check the air pressure if the generator is the air-started model; or check the battery voltage to see whether it is normal if the generator is of the battery start model(4) Also make sure there arent any obstacles around the machine.(5) Put the test switch in

14、 “Manual” position, and manually start it after making sure that above-mentioned items in order(6) If you use “Auto test” model, or “Black out” model to test the emergency generator, you must inform bridge duty officer and Chief Engineer. And you cannot carry it until you get the permit from both of

15、 them. Otherwise, you must wait(7) “Auto test” must be carried out once every month. “Blackout” test must be carried out once every 3 months6. When the main engine cannot started by the compressed air, what are the possible causes?There may be the following causes(1) Air pressure is too low(2) The t

16、urning gear is still engaged(3) There may be operational fault(4) Some of the high injection pumps are sticked(5) No fuel oil due to the fact that the fuel valve is not open or the fuel pump is not running(6) Relative locked due to some safety device actions(7) Air distributor timing has been wrongE

17、tc.7. When main engine stops after running a while, what are the possible causes?The following reasons may lead to the problem:(1) Some of the high injection pumps are sticked(2) There is no fuel oil because valve is not open or the fuel pump is not running(3) Lube oil pressure is too low, or contro

18、l air pressure is too low8. What is the purpose of taking lube oil samples for analysis?By analyzing the lube oil sample, we want to know whether the lube oil meets the stipulated standards in viscosity, TBN (total base number), flash point, water contents, mechanic impurities etc. If impurities (i.

19、e. metals) are found, it means something wrong with the bearing and crankshaft. If the viscosity is lower than the standard, it may mean that fuel oil may have leaked into the lube oil system. Too much fuel oil in the lube oil system can lower the flash point of the lube and also may lead to possibl

20、e explosion. The important figure is TBN. If the TBN is lower than the standard, it means the loss of the anti-acid ability and this will lead to the moving parts corrosive in the near future.9. What are the things you need to take note during the handover (before you sign off)?The outgoing First En

21、gineer shall prepare a set of handover notes for the incoming First Engineer and shall ask the incoming First Engineer be familiar with the note contents. One copy of the handover notes with their signatures shall be given to the Chief Engineer for file. In general the handover procedure shall inclu

22、de the following(1) A tour of the engine room, with view of the engines, documents and equipments(2) Discussion on current and future engine and machines operation problems, spare part requirement(3) Information on the maintenance work and program(4) Dry dock repair list, if there if any(5) Discussi

23、on on the junior engineers or crews capacity and personalities(6) Survey status and requirements(7) Store and status of the ships safety equipment and machines(8) Current status of the ships safety equipments and machines(9) Safety and environment protection procedures and any special requirement by

24、 the company and in some areas in the world(10) Disciplinary procedures and management practice in the Engine department(11) Any other matters that the outgoing First Engineer thinks necessary and importantAfter the handover, the two First Engineers should sign all the Handover Checklist as evidence

25、 and for files.大管轮也是船上特别是轮机部非常重要的职位，所以交接班非常重要。10.Before and after any hot works is carried out, what are the safety precautions you take?(1) An application of hot work permit must made before this kind of work is done. One copy shall be put on hot work spot, and another copy in ships file(2) Make su

26、re that you are suitably equipped and clothed(3) Observe carefully to see whether the weather, and the temperature are fit for firework(4) See whether the fired part and its vicinity have any potential inflammable materials or toxic gases that can arise any fire or poisoning disaster. Make sure that

27、 the hot work spot is cleaned and is free from such thins as diesel oil, kerosene, paint, cleaners or thinners.(5) And make sure that you have enough extinguisher equipment available.(6) When the hot work is done, make sure the firemen are standing by for any emergency(7) After the firework is done,

28、 check carefully whether any inflammable things are left(8) Ask one or two person to watch carefully for a period time until you are sure that there will not be any inflammation or ignition after you leave the spot.11.What kind of work belongs to hot work? When are you not allowed to do hot work?Hot

29、 work refers to all the work involving high temperature, open flames, or sparks that can cause ignition of combustible gases, vapor, or liquid in vicinity where such is done. This kind of work includes electric and gas welding and cutting or burning, grinding, metal chipping, sandblasting/grit blast

30、ing, work with sparks caused by falling or hitting, work with electric sparks, other work with high temperature etc.Under the following circumstances, hot work is forbidden:(1) Anywhere on the ship during cargo operation, when handling flammable cargoes unless the ship has got permission from the te

31、rminal and port authority(2) Anywhere and any time during the bunkering(3) In enclosed paces or where atmosphere is suspicious(4) Where painting work is underway at same time(5) Where unsafe factors are suspected12.How do you carry out gas testing and how do you test the explosion?I use the gas test

32、er to detect the gas composite content.In the vicinity of the places to be tested, the flammable gas content should not more than the limited figure, and no combustive materials are available to avoid any fire.13.Pleas explain the meaning of “SOPEP”? What contents should be included in the SOPEP?SOP

33、EP means Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan and it should contain the following:(1) Procedures to be followed by the Master or other persons in charge of the ship to report an oil pollution incident.(2) Authority or person to be contacted in the event of oil pollution.(3) Detailed description of

34、 actions to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil following incident.(4) List of oil spill response equipment and materials to be maintained on board. (Removers, sprayer, oil absorbent, saw dust, san, d, waste rags, scoop, shovels, buckets, bamboo brooms,

35、 portable pump, protective clothing, and portable containers).Simple speaking, SOPEP should such things as the emergency contacts (telephone and other means of communication, address, etc.), the equipment used in dealing with oil pollution, the muster list in the oil pollution, and the report proced

36、ure when the accident happens, ect.14.What is the ISM Code? What is the SMS? What contents are there in the ISM code?ISM means International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention. The ISM code includes 16 chapters falling into two parts: implementation of Part

37、One, and verification and certification of Part Two.The 16 chapters are: general, safety and environment protection policy, company responsibilities and authority, designated person(s), masters responsibilities and authority, resources and personnel, development of plans for shipboard operation, eme

38、rgency preparedness, reports and analysis of non-conformity, accidents and hazardous occurrences, maintenance of the ship and equipment, documentation, company verification, review and evaluation, certification and verifications and control, certification and periodical verification, verification, i

39、nterim certification, and forms of certificates. The last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM Code.SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS 74. The shipowner or manager cannot get Document of

40、 Compliance (DOC) and SMC without audited Safety Management (SMC) by Class designated by the flag registry country administration.15.What do Observation, Non-conformity and Major non-conformity in the ISM Code mean respectively?Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management au

41、dit and substantiated by objective evidence. Non-conformity means and observed situation where objective evidence indicates the nonfulfillment of a specified requirement. Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a seri

42、ous risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this Code. (摘自新ISM Code原文)以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵，但至少要知道大致的内容，尤其要知道，ISM规则是变化的、开放的国际公约，其内容经常进行修改和增加。此外，随着ISM规则的改变，各船东和管理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。16.What ranks

43、 should not be allowed shore leave at the same time?In view of the jobs on board, the following position and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the Master and the Chief Officer; the Chief Engineer and First Engineer; the Chief Engineer and Electrician; the Bosun and Pumpm

44、an (in tankers); the Chief Cook and Second Cook (or mess boy); the Chief Officer and Pumpman (in tankers).Any crew who wants shore leave must check with the department head for permission and return to the vessel on time.17.What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration (BAC) rate on board?Accordin

45、g to the STCW 95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%. Watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.18.When you are keeping the watch

46、, what should you be careful about?In order to ensure the normal operation of the engines, I should(1) Keep closed watch on the fuel oil and lube oil conditions(2) Be alert on any possible problems arising from abnormal temperature, leakage, or some other problems(3) Be careful about those abnormal

47、noises(4) Make a quick judgment if hearing abnormal noises from machines, and report them to the Chief Engineer or even the master immediately if the noises are very serious and I myself cannot deal with it(5) Obey the rules of the company and the inspections from Chief Engineer, Master and some war

48、nings from the deck department.19.What should a Muster List include? What kind of Muster Lists did you have on the last vessel?The Muster List should include the following contents(1) Details of emergency alarm signal(2) How ship-abandon will be given(3) Substitutes for the key personnel who may bec

49、ome disabled on board(4) Specify the boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed by abandon ship situation(5) The specific group to which person belongs and general duties during various emergencies(6) Any additional or specific duties(7) Specific assembly point of each groupThe Mus

50、ter List must be ready before the ships sailingWe had the following separate Muster Lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fighting, fire in the engine room, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil pollution, and so on.20.What preparations should you make before entry i

51、nto port?The preparations include the following.(1) Stand by the main engine (including test engine ahead/astern by remote control and emergency local control).(2) Start generator and check power supply and compressed air(3) Test emergency generator and emergency steering gear(4) Check all the cargo

52、 gears in accordance with the requirements from the bridge(5) Report fuel oil and fresh water quantity, drain out water from fuel oil tanks/air bottles and test alarm system and monitor system(6) Change fuel oil to diesel oil if needed, reduce the speed of main engine to harbor speed(7) Test the tel

53、egraph, correct clocks between bridge and engine room(8) Make some other preparations according to “prepare for arrival port check list”According to USCG regulations, the main engine test must be carried out within 12 hours before arrivalEmergency generator and emergency steering gear test must be c

54、arried out within 48 hours before arrival.尽管各个公司的SMS手册对此项工作有不同的规定，但可能是大同小异。21.How would you balance your engine after taking power diagram? What is the use of VIT?This is done by adjustment of the individual pump rocks (on fuel injection pump). It is usually carried out after careful analysis of the

55、 results of the power diagram (indicator cards) wherein we can decide which units need adjustment. Exhaust temperatures have to be carefully monitored since this will nearly 7 indicate the Pmax condition. Pump rack scale should be limited to within 3 mm deviation. If after adjustment and results are

56、 negative, component such as piston ring, fuel injection pump, exhaust valves, etc., have to be inspected at first opportunity.VIT or Variable Injection Timing is a device further incorporated on fuel injection pump to automatically adjust Pmax by changing the position of the pump barrel (changes th

57、e pump timing), which in turn control the amount of fuel delivered. It is usually advantageous during rough weather condition where abrupt load changes occur and so proper load distributions among cylinders are maintained.22.Are you familiar with the following engine overhauling work: main engine ov

58、erhaul, turbo charger overhaul, main bearing and crankpin bearing overhaul, and safety equipment survey? Before overhauling work is done, what preparations should you make?I am very familiar with the overhauling work of the engines mentioned above.In every machinery overhaul, preparation is extremely importan