现代大学英语精读5修辞

1、1. Alliteration 头韵2. Allusion 引喻3. Anaphora 首语重复法4. antithesis对偶5. Antonomasia 换称，代称6. Chiasmus 交错法7. Hyperbole 夸张8. Metaphor 隐喻 ,暗喻9. metonymy借喻 ,转喻10. oxymoron 反意法 ,逆喻11. Repetition 重复，反复12. Paradox 隽语13. Parallelism 排比 , 平行14. Pun 双关15. Simile 明喻16. Syllepsis 一语双叙法，兼用法17. Synecdoche提喻18. transfer

2、red epithet移就19. Irony 反语Where do we go from hereAntithesisOssie Davis has suggested that maybe the English language should be reconstructed so that teachers will not be forced to teach the Negro child 60 ways to despise himself, and thereby perpetuate his false sense of inferiority, and the white c

3、hild 134 ways to adore himself, and thereby perpetuate his false sense of superiority. (para4)As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free. (para5)Psychological freedom .physical slavery (para5)And one of the great problems of history is that the concepts of love and power have usuall

4、y been contrasted as opposites - polar opposites-so that love is identified with a resignation of power, and power with a denial of love. (para7) For through violence you may murder a murderer but you cant murder.(para19) The dark yesterdays of segregated schools will be transformed into bright tomo

5、rrows of quality, integrated education. (para. 25)There will be those moments when the buoyancy of hope will be transformed into the fatigue of despair.(para26).and transform dark yesterdays into bright tomorrows. (para. 27)MetaphorTo upset this cultural homicide, the Negro must rise up with an affi

6、rmation of his own Olympian manhood.(para5)Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weaponagainst the long night of physical slavery.(para5)The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertiv

7、e manhood his own Emancipation Proclamation.(para5)Negroes who have a double disability will have a greater effect on discrimination when they have the additional weapon of cash to use in their struggle. (para13)Personal conflicts among husbands, wives and children will diminish when the unjust meas

8、urement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated .(para14)He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality. (para20)We are called upon to help the discouraged beggars in lifes market place.(para21) America will no lo

9、nger have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds. (para. 25)Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that (para. 25) shall be crushed by the battering rams of the forces of justice. (para. 25) slums are cast into the junk heaps of history. (para. 25)There will still be rocky pla

10、ces of frustration and meandering points of bewilderment.(para26)When our days become dreary with low-hovering clouds of despair, . (para.27).working to pull down the gigantic mountains of evil (para. 27)ChiasmasWhat is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and lov

11、e without power is sentimental and anemic. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.(para8)It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis

12、of our times.(para9)SimileIt is something like improving the food in the prison while the people remain securely incarcerated behind bars.(para17).justice will roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.(para. 25)Parallel strutureWithout recognizing this we will end up with solutio

13、ns that dont solve, answers that dont answer and explanations that dont explain. (para18)For through violence you may murder a murderer but you cant murder.(para19) And I have seen too much hate. Ive seen too much hate on the faces of sheriffs in the South. Ive seen hate on the faces of too many Kla

14、nsmen and too many White Citizens Councilors in the South to want to hate myself, because every time I see it, I know that it does something to their faces and their personalities and I say to myself that hate is too great a burden to bear.(para20)ParadoxWithout recognizing this we will end up with

15、solutions that dont solve, answers that dont answer and explanations that dont explain. (para18).a power that is able to make a way out of no way. (para 27)AnaphoraAnd the other thing is that I am concerned about a better world. Im concerned about justice. Im concerned about brotherhood. Im concerne

16、d about truth. And when one is concerned about these, he can never advocate violence.(para19) So, I conclude by saying again today that we have a task and let us go out with a divine dissatisfaction. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anem

17、ia of deeds. Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfort and the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by the battering rams of the forces of justice. Let us be dissatisfied until those that live on the outskirts of hope are brought i

18、nto the metropolis of daily security. Let us be dissatisfied until slums are cast into the junk heaps of history, and every family is living in a decent sanitary home. Let us be dissatisfied until the dark yesterdays of segregated schools will be transformed into bright tomorrows of quality, integra

19、ted education. Let us be dissatisfied until integration is not seen as a problem but as an opportunity to participate in the beauty of diversity. Let us be dissatisfied until men and women, however black they may be, will be judged on the basis of the content of their character and not on the basis

20、of the color of their skin.Anaphoratransferred epithetmetaphorAntithesisallusionmetonymysimileAlliterationLet us be dissatisfied. Let us be dissatisfied until every state capitol houses agovernor who will do justly, who will love mercy and who will walk humbly with his God. Let us be dissatisfied un

21、til from every city hall, justice will roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. Let us be dissatisfied until that day when the lion and the lamb shall lie down together. and every man will sit under his own vine and fig tree and none shall be afraid. Let us be dissatisfied. And

22、men will recognize that out of one blood God made all men to dwell upon the face of the earth. Let us be dissatisfied until that day when nobody will shout White Power! - when nobody will shout Black Power! - but everybody will talk about Gods power and human power.Anaphoratransferred epithetmetapho

23、rAntithesisallusionmetonymysimileAlliteration allusionWhen our days become dreary with low hovering clouds of despair, and when ournights become darker than a thousand midnights, let us remember that there is acreative force in this universe, working to pull down the gigantic mountains ofevil, a pow

24、er that is able to make a way out of no way and transform darkyesterdays into bright tomorrows.MetaphorparadoxantithesisTwo kindsSimile1.It was like a stiff embraceless dance between her and the TV set. (para 21 )2.So that the fluffy skirt of her white dress cascaded slowly to the floor like the pet

25、als of a large carnation. (para24 )3.I would play after him, the simple scale, the simple chord, and then I just played some nonsense that sounded like a cat running up and down on top of garbage cans. (para 38 )4.He marched stiffly to show me how to make each finger dance up and down, staccato like

26、 an obedient little soldier. (para 39 )5.I felt the same way, and it seemed as if everybody were now coming up, like gawkers at the scene of an accident. (para 60 )6. It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest. (para 73)7.Her face went blank, her mouth closed, her arms we

27、nt slack, and she backed out the room, stunned, as if she were blowing away like a small brown leaf, thin, brittle, lifeless. (para 76)8. as if she were blowing away like a small brown leaf, thin, brittle, lifeless. (para 76)Oxymoron1.She was proudly modest like a proper Chinese child. (para 24 )2.I

28、 heard a little boy whisper loudly to his mother. (para53)Alliteration.Chinatown s Littlest Chinese Chess Champion. (para42)Irony1.You lucky you don t have this problems, said Auntie Lindo with a sign to my mother. (para 44 )Hyperbole1.And now I realized how many people were in the audience, the who

29、le world itseemed. (para54)Metaphor1.We could have escaped during intermission. Pride and some strange sense of honor must have anchored my parents to their chairs. (para 55 ) Ridicule1.She took me to a beauty training school in the Mission district and put me in the hands of a student who could bar

30、ely hold the scissors without shaking. (para 6 ) SyllepsisThe lid of piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams. (para 81)AllusionI was like the Christ child lifted out of the straw manger. (para 9)MetaphorTelegraph, telephone, radio, and television tied together and more int

31、ricate knotsbetween (para 2) . will flatten every cultural crease. (para 4) MetaphorApparently westernization is not a straight road to hell, or to paradise either. (para 7)We borrowed an American box. (para 8)Early on I realized some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture.

32、and suggesting that Hollywood be burned. (para 5) to live in a museum while we will have shower that work. (para 6) Antonomasia at country clubs in Beverly Hills and in apartments on Manhattan s UpperWest Side. (para 14)Professions for WomenSynecdoche1.I have to admit that instead of spending that s

33、um upon bread and butter, rent,shoes, and stocking, or butcher s bills). (para 2Metonymy1.No demand was made upon the family purse. (para 1 )2. I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon bread and butter, rent, shoes,and stocking, or butcher s bills. 2)(paraMetaphor1.The image that comes

34、 to my mind when I think of this girl is the image of afisherman lying sunk in dreams on the verge of a deep lake with a rod held outover the water. (para 5 )2.You have won rooms of you own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men.(para7 )Lesson SevenInvisible ManMetaphor1.It took me and much

35、painful boomeranging of my expectations to .(p1)2. A sea of faces, some hostile, some amused, ringed around us (para 7)3. I had suddenly found myself in a dark room filled with poisonous cottonmouths. (para 11)SimileIt was as though I had rolled through a bed of hot coals. (para 44)1.About eighty-fi

36、ve years separate like the fingers of the hand.(p1)2.The young children on the wick like the old man s breathing.(p2)3.The hair was yellow like that of a circus kewpie doll.(p7)4.firm and round as the domes of East Indian temples. (para 7)5. and beads of pearly perspiration glistening like dew (para

37、 7)6. the smoke of a hundred cigar clinging to her like the thinnest of veils. (para 8) 7.In my mind as bright as flame.(para10)8.For in those days like a crisp ginger cookie.(para16)9. But the blindfold was tight as a thick skin-puckering scab. (para 17) 10.My saliva became like hot bitter glue.(p2

38、0)11.The boys groped about like blind, cautious crabs (p21)12. testing thesmoke-filled air like the knobbed feelers of hypersensitive snails. (para. 21)13. A blow to my head like a-injack-the-box (p27)14. A hot, violent force like a wet rat.(p38)15. some called like a bass-voiced parrot. (para 39)16

39、. glistening like a circus seal, (para 40)17.Suddenly I saw twitching like the flesh of a horse stung by manyflies.(p40)18.I was careful like a cloud of foul air (p42)19.Seeing their fingers as a fumbled football (p45)20.I was limp as a dish rag.(p46)21.But still asthough deaf with cotton in dirty e

40、ars.(p55)22. The laugher hung smoke like in the sudden stillness.(p70)3.Alliteration1.I want you to death and destruction (p2)2.Some of the other slipping and sliding (p9)4.Transferred epithet1.We were asmall with anticipatory sweat (p6)2.But now I of blind terror.(p10)3.He kept coming, bring the ra

41、nk sharp violence of (p25)5. Irony1.What powers of endurance ! What enthusiasm!(p55)Simile1. Grasshoppers are everywhere in the tall grass, popping up like corn to sting the flesh. (para.1 line 7)2. The land was like iron. (para.8 line 1)3. Her long, black hair, always drawn and , lay upon her shoul

42、ders and against her breast like a shawl. (para. 10 line 10)4. Houses are like sentinels in the plain, old keepers of the weather watch. (para.11 line 1)5. My line of vision was such that the creature filled the moon like a fossil. (para 14)Lesson 9 Metaphor1. Winter brings blizzards, hot tornadic winds arise in the spring, and in summerthe prairie is an anvil s edge.(para1 line4)2. The skyline i