三大从句讲解(实用课件)

1、三大从句讲解(实用课件) 2 名词性从句（名词性从句（substantive clauses):substantive clauses):主语从句主语从句subject clausesubject clause、宾语、宾语 从句从句object clauseobject clause、表语从句、表语从句predicative clausepredicative clause、同位语从句、同位语从句 appositive clause.appositive clause. 定语从句（定语从句（attributive clause):attributive clause):形容词性从句形容词性从句

2、 状语从句（状语从句（adverbial clause):adverbial clause):副词性从句（时间、地点、条件、结果、副词性从句（时间、地点、条件、结果、 目的、原因、让步，方式等等）目的、原因、让步，方式等等） 3 For example: For example: I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decision of my own.decision of my o

3、wn. I found the wallet where you left it.I found the wallet where you left it. She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang as she walked home all the way. Many people , as you know, are learing foreign languages.Many people , as you know, are learing foreign languages. Her house, which was buil

4、t a hundred years ago, stood still in Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.the earthquake. The news that our team has won the games was true.The news that our team has won the games was true. It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.It was obvious that yo

5、uve made a big mistake. He will talk to us about what he saw in the school.He will talk to us about what he saw in the school. 1.1.He looks as if he was going to cry.He looks as if he was going to cry. 4 1.1.引导引导名词性从句名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：连接词：that, whether, if (that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分）

6、不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：连接副词：when, where, how, why when, where, how, why 5 2.2.引导引导定语从句定语从句的连接词的连接词 关系代词：关系代词：that, which,who, whom,whose, asthat, which,who, whom,whose, as等等 关系副词：关系副词：where, when, w

7、hy where, when, why 等等 3.3.引导引导状语从句状语从句的连接词：的连接词： ) )时间状语从句：时间状语从句：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since.since. ) )地点状语从句常用引导词：地点状语从句常用引导词：where, whereverwhere, wherever 6 ) )原因状语从句：原因状语从句：because= in that , as because= in that , as ) )目的状语从句：目

8、的状语从句：so that, in order thatso that, in order that ) )结果状语从句：结果状语从句：so.that, such.thatso.that, such.that ) )条件状语从句：条件状语从句：ifif，unlessunless ）让步状语从句：）让步状语从句：though, although, even if, even though though, although, even if, even though 7 8 引导定语从句的关系副词引导定语从句的关系副词 关系副词关系副词 When=on(in,during)which where=

9、on(in,in front of)which Why=for which 9 如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词 1.1.首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句 2.2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词 3.3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语， 宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语） 4.4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语主语、宾语或定语则选择则选择关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状状 语语，则选择，则选择关系副词关系副词。 10 1

10、. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别用法区别. who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语（可省略）宾语（可省略）. The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The woman (

11、whom / that) they wanted to visit is a teacher. 11 whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. 2. which, that 的用法的用法 which 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语（可省略）主语或宾语（可省略） This is a truck which / that is made in China. I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday. 12 3. 只能用只能用that的情况的情

12、况 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 Ive read all the books that you lend me. 先行词被先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。等修饰时。 13 Everything that we saw in this film was true. everythin

13、g, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等不定代词作先行词时等不定代词作先行词时 This is the very book that belongs to him. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。 Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. who is the worker that took some ph

14、otos of the factory.主句已有主句已有 who和和which时只能用时只能用that 14 主句已有主句已有who或或which时时 Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. 当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时 4.关系代词前有介词时关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前介词提前) .指人只用指人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用which This is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she

15、spent 1000 dollars. 15 以以whenwhen作为例子作为例子 1.1.名词性从句名词性从句 It remains unknown when they are going to get married.It remains unknown when they are going to get married. ( (主语从句常用主语从句常用itit做形式主语，而将主语从句置于句末）做形式主语，而将主语从句置于句末） The problem is when we will start.The problem is when we will start. Its up to y

16、ou decide when we will start.Its up to you decide when we will start. I have no idea when he will back.I have no idea when he will back. 16 2.2.状语从句状语从句 James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him.James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him. I was about to leave my office when the telephone ra

17、ng.I was about to leave my office when the telephone rang. When the wind blows, all the doors rattle.When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. Come when you are ready.Come when you are ready. She stopped trying, when she might succeed next time.She stopped trying, when she might succeed next time.

18、17 3.3.定语从句定语从句 whenwhen引导定语从句表示时间，在定语从句中做状语，它的先行词是表示时间引导定语从句表示时间，在定语从句中做状语，它的先行词是表示时间 的名词如的名词如the day, the days,the time, the yearthe day, the days,the time, the year等等 1980 was the year when he was born.1980 was the year when he was born. Ill never forget the days when I worked with you.Ill never

19、forget the days when I worked with you. 18 练习：练习： 1. The English play _ my students acted at the New Year1. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years s party was a great success.party was a great success. A. for whichA. for whichB. at whichB. at whichC. in whichC. in whichD. on whichD. o

20、n which 2. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.2. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. A. becauseA. because B. so that B. so thatC. even ifC. even ifD. asD. as 3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year3.The factory produces half a million p

21、airs of shoes every year， 80% _are sold abroad.80% _are sold abroad. A. of whichA. of which B. which of B. which ofC. of themC. of them D. of that D. of that 19 4. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.4. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. howA. how B. after B.

22、 after C. what C. what D. whe D. when n 5._this company has done seems to be in agreement with what 5._this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the government has called for.the government has called for. A. ThatA. ThatB. HowB. How C. Whether C. WhetherD. WhatD. What 20 6.Fortunately we had a map6.Fortunately we had a map， without _we would have got lost. without _we would have got lost. A. whichA. which B. it B. itC. that