JamesJoyce生平及其作品

1、 James Joyce: Biography Irish novelist and poet born in 1882 in Dublin, the son of a poverty- stricken civil servant. In 1898, studied in Dublins University College and graduated in 1902 Raised in the Roman Catholic faith, he broke with the church while he was in college H e a v y d r i n ke r / num

2、erous patrons / eye problem anti-Philistine 3 great influences on Joyces writing: music (popular lyrics of Ireland) + Roman Catholicism + p o l i t i c a l a n d literary exile In 1904 he left Dublin with Nora Barnacle, a chambermaid whom he eventually married. They and their two children lived in T

3、rieste, Italy, in Paris, and in Zrich, Switzerland, meagerly supported by Joyces jobs as a language instructor and by gifts from patrons. After 20 years in Paris, early in World War II, when the Germans invaded France, Joyce moved to Zrich, where he died on January 13, 1941 James Joyces work-Dubline

4、rs J a m e s J o y c e s f i r s t m a j o r w o r k w a s D u b l i n e r s, a collection of fif teen shor t stories dealing successively w i t h e v e n t s of c h i l d h o o d , youth and adulthood. As the title indicated, Joyce made I r e l a n d t h e f o c u s o f h i s stories. Joyce on Dubl

5、iners Dubliners: “a book about human fate as well as a series of sketches of Dublin” “My intention was to write a chapter of the moral history of my country and I chose Dublin for the scene because that city seemed to me the center of paralysis.” “he had to come directly to terms with the life he ha

6、s rejected, to see it for what it was and for what it meant” “I always write about Dublin, because if I can get to the heart of Dublin, I can get to the heart of all the cities of the world. In the particular is contained the universal.” “I have tried to present it to the indifferent public under fo

7、ur of its aspects: childhood, adolescence, maturity and public life. The stories are arranged in this order.” “Whats the matter with you is that youre afraid to live. You and people like you. This city is suffering from hemiplegia paralysis of the will.” Dubliners is about peoples spiritual growth.

8、All the characters in the stories struggle, in one way or another with oppressive morality, personal frustrations, or restless desires. They are ordinary people involved in various minor yet meaningful events in everyday life. Often, these characters are on the brink of discovering something, such a

9、s loss, shame, failure, or death . wIn Dubliners, James Joyce made use of epiphany to show the complex emotion. At the end of the stories, the heroes suddenly understood their predicament, and then realized the essence of life. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) Highly autobiographical s

10、econd phrase“to come to terms with the meaning of his own development as a man dedicated to writing” first draft Stephen Hero (1944)almost burned it 1911 presenting the relation between the artist and society in the modern world Highly modernist: stream-of-consciousness, confluence of naturalism and

11、 symbolism “It is a portrait, one of many that could have been painted: the novel focuses upon the growth of the protagonists mind, pursuing in a labyrinthine but progressive manner his quest for the liberated condition of the incipient artist. Also, since Stephen is to become an artist it is mandat

12、ory that his tale be told pictorially, that the reader perceive the wholeness of Joyces vision.” Importance of A Portrait The Modernist bildungsroman (novel of education) and kunstlerroman (novel of the making of an artist) Liberating style and themes The anguish and exhilaration of gaining power ov

13、er language Develops through style as much as through plot Ulysses (1922) The great modernist epic Mythic method: the past and the present Extends Joyces experiments with style to the extreme: style becomes the plot “With me, the thought is always simple” “I have discovered that I can do anything wi

14、th language I want” It takes place in a single day, 16 June 1904 (Bloomsday). Joyce first thought of the idea in 1906 as a story for Dubliners.became the sequel to Stephen Hero Joyce included hundreds of puzzles that can only be understood by very careful reconstruction of exactly what each characte

15、r is thinking and doing. Banned after its publication-1933/12/6 Judge Woolsey lifted the ban in the US Main characters: Leopold and Molly Bloom, and Stephen Dedalus- correspond to Homers Odysseus (aka Ulysses), Penelope, and Telemachus Each of the 18 chapters corresponds to one of Odysseuss (or Tele

16、machuss) adventures. Each chapter is written in a different style, with symbolism appropriate to the corresponding adventure. 1.Leopold Bloom (modern Ulysses), middle-aged Irish Jew, a businessman, he is an “Everyman”, symbolic of universal human experience. 2.Molly Bloom, Leopolds unfaithful wife,

17、represents the earthy forces of life and reproduction. 3. Stephen Dedalus, a dedicated writer like Joyce. Finnegans Wake (1939) Composed from 1922 to 1939 “Work in Progress” (only Nora knew the title) An unclassifiable work: Dream? Scripture? Joke? Philosophy of language? Myth? The Dream of Everyman

18、 and Everywoman, in Every language Composed from 1922 to 1939 “Work in Progress” (only Nora knew the title) An unclassifiable work: Dream? Scripture? Joke? Philosophy of language? Myth? The Dream of Everyman and Everywoman, in Every language Joyce and the Creation ArabyAraby old. Araby is a story ab

19、out a boy who wants to buy something for the angel in his heart . He looks forward to the coming of the bazaar.Unfortunately he misses the time for lack of money.He stands in the hall facing the brilliantly-light when he suddenly realizes he himself is only a pitiful creature. An uninhabited house o

20、f two stories stood at the blind end ,detached from its neighbors in a square ground The other houses of the street, conscious of decent lives within them ,gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces. The former tenant of our house, a priest , had died in the back drawing-room. Among these I

21、 found a few paper-covered books :The Abbot ,by Walter Scott,The Devout Communicant and The Memoirs of Vidocq. I like the last best because its leaves were yellow. The wild garden behind the house contained a central appletree and a few straggling bushes . He had been a very charitable priest; in hi

22、s will he had left all his money to institutions and the furniture of his house to his sister. When the short days of winter came dusk fell before we had well eaten our dinner.When we met in the street the houses had grown sombre. The space of sky above us was the color of everchanging violet . The

23、cold air stung us and we played till our bodies glowed. Our shouts echoed in the silent street. The career of our play brought us through the dark muddy lanes behind the houses where we ran the gantlet of the rough tribes from the cottages. Or if Mangans sister came out on the doorstep to call her b

24、rother in to his tea we watch her from our shadow peer up and down the street. She was waiting for us, her figure defined by the light from the half- opened door.I stood by the railings looking at her. Her dress swung as she moved her body and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side Quest

25、ion: What kind of environment the boy is in? 2. The characters even more, it is a portrait of a world that defies the ideal and the dream. Thus setting in this story becomes the true subject, embodying an atmosphere of spiritual paralysis against which a young boys idealistic dreams are no match. He discovered the discrepancy between the real and the ideal in life. Realizing this, the boy takes his first step into adulthood . wIn Dubliners, James Joyce made use of epiphany to show the complex emotion. At the end of the stories, the heroes