定语从句状语从句的翻译

1、?定语从句的翻译 ?状语从句的翻译状语从句的翻译 ?名词性从句的翻译 ?长句的翻译 常见句型的翻译常见句型的翻译: 第六章：常见句型的翻译 Attributive clauses are widely used in English. In many cases, sentences are made very long because of attributive clauses. Hence it is important to have a correct comprehensionand an accurate translation of attribute clauses. Dif

2、ferent attributive clauses may express different meaning such as purpose, concession, result and so on. An attributive clause usually follows the word it modifies. This is differentfrom Chinese.In Chinesethere is no post-position attributive and there can t be too many modifiers preceding the modifi

3、ed word. All this causes changes in translating some sentences which contain attributive clauses. 定语从句的译法定语从句的译法 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 I、译成前置定语 一般说来，限制性的定语从句可提前译成定语。还 有一些定语从句，虽然并不明显地带有限制性质，但本 身较短，和被修饰语的关系紧密，也可译成前置定语。 1. To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who

4、need them. 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为许多 需要工作的需要工作的人 提供就业机会。 2. This is the solider who just returned from the front. 这是刚从前线回来的战士。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 3. 成都 一个你来了就不想离开的城市。 ChengduA city you will never want to say goodbye after arrival. 4. In recent years, however, people have begun to become aware that cities a

5、re also areas where there is a concentration of problems. 可是，近几年来人们开始意识到城市也是 问题成堆的 地方。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 当然，有些起附加说明作用的非限制性定语从句， 对先行词也有不同程度的修饰限制作用，有时也可以 译为前置定语。 5. The sun, whichhadhidden allday , now came out in all its splendor. 那个整天躲在云层里的那个整天躲在云层里的 太阳,现在又光芒四射地露面了。 6. He liked his sister, whowaswa

6、rm andpleasant, but he did not like his brother, whowasaloofandarrogant. 他喜欢热情愉快的热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的冷漠高傲的哥哥。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 II . 译成后置定语 译成后置定语 A、一些结构比较复杂，或者意思上有较强的独立性 的限制性定语从句，通常可译为后置的并列句。采取 这种译法往往要重复关系代词所代替的词，比如：有 时可在此词之前加指示词“这”、“这些”或人称代 词“他”、“他们”等等，来使译文明确。 7. This volumeis preparedas examplesfor

7、 writing compositions which,as it were,has been takenas a difficult task. 本书旨在为写作提供范例， 可以说写作是一个难题。可以说写作是一个难题。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 8. Matter is composed of molecules that are composed of atoms. 物质是由分子组成的， 而分子又是由原子组成的。 9. But listen, I met a man, who said you could solve this problem. 听着， 我遇见一个人，这这个人说你

8、是有权解决这个问 题的。 10. Day light comes from the sun, which is a mass of hot, glowing gas. 日光来自太阳，太阳是一团炽热、发光的气体 。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 B、 非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不十分密切，只 是对先行词加以说明，描述或解释，或对整个句子所陈 述的事实或现象加以总结、补充说明，其前都有逗号分 开。在汉译时一般译为后置并列分句。如： 11.He blamed me for everything, which I thought very unfair. 他把一切错误都归罪于我， 我认为这

9、很不公平。 12. These books, which are only a small part of my collection, I picked up in American. 这些书是我在美国买,它们在我的藏书中只占一小部分 。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 13. She was very patient towards the children, whichher husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，而 她丈夫却很少这样 。 14. They seem to enjoy those rewards which they had purchased

10、by a course of unmerited fatigue, and by victories which almost exceeded belief. 他们对那些酬劳看来是很得意的， 那些酬劳是他们历经 千辛万苦，通过取得令人难以置信的胜利得来的 。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 15. I told the story to John, who (=and he) told it to his brother. 我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。 这种采取后置的办法来处理非限制性定语从句，一般 也使用指示代词来重复英语关系代词所代表的含义。 第六章：常见句型的翻译

11、定语从句的翻译 16. There are many people who want to select this major. 许多人要选这个专业 。 17. There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。 III 、溶合译法 溶合法就是把原句子中的主语和定语从句溶合在一起 译成一个独立句子的翻译方法。另外，由于限制性定 语从句与主句的关系密切，所以，限制性定语从句似 乎更适合采用溶合法。英语中突出的 “there be” 句型 就是这样处理的。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 18.You are the only p

12、erson who could do it. 只有你才能做这件事。 19. He has a son of twenty who is now at the college. 他有个二十岁的儿子现在正上大学 。 20. This was the first time I had serious trouble with my leader. 这是我第一次和领导发生严重纠葛。和领导发生严重纠葛。 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 IV. 译成状语 译成状语 有些定语从句从形式上看是定语，但在意义上与主 句有逻辑状语关系，对主句其原因、结果、目的、条件、 让步等状语作用，翻译时应尽可能按照其语

13、法功能，译 成与汉语相对应的复句。 21. The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain. 由于计算机起着类似人脑的作用，所以常常被称作电脑。 （译成原因状从） 22. She insisted on buying another pair of roller skates, which she had no use of. 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 23. Rose took Chinesemedicinewhich relieved

14、her symptoms. 罗斯服了中药，结果缓解了症状。（译成结果状从） 24. There is no bad habit that may not be cured by a strong willpower. 只要有坚强的意志，就没有什么坏习惯改不掉。（译成条件状从） 25. The newswoman wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to shipwreck. 这位女记者想写篇文章， 以便能够引起公众对那起沉船事件的 注意。（译成目的状语从句） 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 1. A

15、rocket engine can work in space where there is no air. 2. She has invited me to visit her family, which is very kind of her . 3. Hewould be a short-sighted man who did not look beyond. 4. There is something original, independentand heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 5. Here is the man w

16、hom you have been looking for. 6. Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 第六章：常见句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 练习 1.火箭发动机能在没有空气的没有空气的太空中工作。 2.她邀请我访问她的家， 这使我感激不已这使我感激不已。 3.人若是不开阔眼界，就会变得鼠目寸光。 （译成条件状从） 4.这个方案富有创造性，别出心裁，又有魄 力，因此（使）他们都很高兴。（译成结 果状从） 5.这就是你一直在找的你一直在找的人。 6.我们两国是有着悠久友谊的邻邦。 第六章：常见

17、句型的翻译定语从句的翻译 练习答案 ?I. 按照原文顺序译出状语从句 1. If you do not mind, I will turn off the heating. 如果你不介意，我就把暖气关上了。 2. As far as I know, there isn t such a word in English. 据我所知， 英语里并没有这个单词。 状语从句的翻译 第六章：常见句型的翻译状语从句的翻译 3. Where water resources are plentiful, hydroelectric power stations are being built in large

18、numbers. 哪里有充足的水源，哪里就在兴建大批的水电站。 4. Wherever you work, you must always serve the people whole-heartedly. 不论你在哪里工作，你一直都要全心全意地为人民服 务。 第六章：常见句型的翻译状语从句的翻译 5. Though he was defeated in the election, he became famous for his fiery speeches against slavery. 虽然他竞选失败了，却以其反对蓄奴制度的激烈演说 而出了名。 ?II. 状语从句译在主句之前 6. S

19、he is sure to come unless she has some urgent business. 除非她有急事，她一定回来的。 第六章：常见句型的翻译状语从句的翻译 7. Please turn off the light when you leave the dormitory. 离开宿舍，请关上电灯。 8. I will never give in, no matter what happens. 不管怎么样，我永远也不会屈服。 9. You should not get off until the bus stops. 车未停稳之前，你不要下车。 10. It was be

20、tter in case they were captured. 第六章：常见句型的翻译状语从句的翻译 ?III. 状语从句转译成其他类型的状语从句 11. Skill and patience will succeed where force fails. 在体力做不到的时候，技巧和耐心会帮助人成功。（地点 状从译为时间状从） 12. Though not in substance,yet in form, economic reforms are at first a nation-wide revolution. 如果不就内容而就形式而言，经济改革首先就是一场 全国性的革命。（让步状从译

21、为条件状从） 13. Why did you give up when you could make it? 既然你能成功，干嘛要放弃呢？（时间状从译为让步状从） 第六章：常见句型的翻译状语从句的翻译 14. She sang resonantly, if slightly nasally. 她唱歌声音洪亮，尽管鼻音略显重了些。（条件状从译为让步状从） ?IV. 状语从句译成非状语从句 15. The boy shouted as he ran. 那个男孩一边跑，一边喊。（译成并列句） 第六章：常见句型的翻译状语从句的翻译 16. If you melt two or more metals together, you can get a new metal. 将两种以上的金属熔化在一起，就可以产生一种新金属。 （译成复合句的主语） 17. The monkey was feeling a bit scared when suddenly the crocodile dived under the water. 猴子正感到有点儿害怕，鳄鱼突然向水下潜去。 18. As he had lots of time, he decided to go to the embankment first. 时间还早，他决定先到河岸大道去一下。（内含因果关系的并列