山西省吕梁市2018_2019学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含解析

1、山西省吕梁市2018-2019学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第卷（选择题，满分100分）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATop 4 Most Comfortable & Luxurious A

2、irports In the World1. Singapore Changi Airport (SIN)This airport has won the title of the worlds best airport for the 6th year in a row!The airport is world-famous for their beautiful architecture, indoor waterfalls, and butterfly gardenFree 24-hour movie theatre and a swimming pool are some of wha

3、t makes Changi Airport the bestLuxurious spa, open air restaurants and free tours around the airport to make your layover fun2. Seoul Incheon International Airport (ICN)Seouls Incheon is always sparkling and is one of the busiest airports in the worldLocated on an island in South Korea, Incheon Airp

4、ort has a Korean culture museum and features cultural performances throughout the daySpacious VIP lounges, indoor skating rink, and beautiful spasAuthentic(真正的), local dish options3. Tokyo Haneda International Airport (HND)One of the two major airports of Tokyo, Japan, Haneda is only a few miles fro

5、m Japans capitalWhile being one of the most busiest airports in the world, Haneda is of the cleanest and most efficientCross the Haneda Bridge to feel like youre in EdoVisit the Aviation Shrine for spiritual healing and praying if you have time!4. Hong Kong International Airport (HKG)Home to Cathay

6、Pacific Airlines a top-rated airlineFast connections from the city via Airport Express that takes you to the airport in just 24 minutes!Premium class lounges, nap rooms, and an IMAX theatreHKG even has their own top-rated luxury hotel called the Regal Airport Hotel.1. What cant be found at SIN?A. A

7、24-hour theaterB. Swimming poolC. Open air restaurantsD. Indoor skating rink2. Where can the passengers experience the local culture?A. SINB. ICNC. HNDD. HKG3. What is unique to HKG?A. Passengers can watch movies there.B. It provides local special food.C. It has its own hotel.D. It is the busiest ai

8、rport.4. In which part of a newspaper can you find the passage?A. BusinessB. TravelC. CultureD. Society【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B【解析】【分析】文章是应用文。文章描述了世界上最舒适，并且最奢华的四个机场。【1题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一部分Free 24-hour movie theatre and a swimming pool are some of what makes Changi Airport the bestLuxurious spa, open air

9、restaurants and free tours around the airport to make your layover fun（24小时免费电影院和游泳池是SIN机场最好的地方之一，豪华的水疗中心，露天餐厅和免费参观机场，使您的中途停留充满乐趣）由此可知，24小时免费影院、游泳池和露天餐厅，新加坡樟宜机场都有。D选项“Indoor skating rink（室内溜冰场）”文章中没有提到，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二部分“Authentic(真正的), local dish options”真正的当地菜，所以在ICN可以体验当地文化。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。由

10、文章第四部分“HKG even has their own top-rated luxury hotel called the Regal Airport Hotel.” 香港国际机场甚至有他们顶尖的奢侈酒店，叫作富豪机场酒店。这里只有HKG提到了酒店，其他都没有提到，所以HKG的特别之处是有自己的酒店。故选C项。【4题详解】推理判断题。通过文章内容和标题，可以看出整篇文章都是对于四个机场的描述，和旅行有关系。所以你能在报纸的“旅游”部分找到这篇文章。故选B。【点睛】本篇文章比较简单，考查细节理解题和推理判断题，每道题都可以从对应的段落中找出答案。最后一题判断文章来源需要注意文章的内容是是关于

11、机场的，涉及到交通，和旅行有关。BI found my email address was sold online, so now instead of just getting letters from the few charities(慈善机构) I can afford to support, I am also getting letters from a dozen other charities asking for my help. One of my more cynical(愤世嫉俗的) friends talked a lot about the old saying,

12、“No good deed ever goes unpunished.” I just smiled and didnt argue knowing it wouldnt change his mind. My own mind, however, was remembering another moment from many years ago.It was a windy, snowy day in December. I was a young dad who had saved just enough cash to buy my children a few presents fo

13、r Christmas. As I walked to the store I saw the Salvation Army kettle with a man ringing a bell standing beside it. Next to him was his daughter, a little girl no more than three feet tall, got together against the biting cold. I took a one -dollar bill out of my wallet and dropped it into the kettl

14、e. As the man was thanking me, though, I felt pressure on my legs. I looked down and saw that the little girl was giving me her own thank you hug. I smiled down at her, bent down and hugged her back. Then I went inside feeling the warmth that no winter wind could ever take away.Thinking back to that

15、 moment in time reminded me that no good deed ever goes unrewarded(无回报的). We may not always get a heartfelt hug but in time every act of giving, every act of kindness, and every act of love that we make flows from heart to heart and soul to soul, around the world and back to us again.No good deed is

16、 ever wasted. Dont let this sometimes cynical world get you down then. Share your love today! Give from your heart. Fill your life with acts of kindness.5. Why did the author receive a lot of letters?A. His mailbox was made public.B. He had a good many friends.C. Many charities had his mailing addre

17、ss.D. He let out his personal information.6. For what purpose did the author go out on a windy, snowy day?A. To buy presents.B. To ask for help.C. To raise money for the poor.D. To give the passers-by warmth.7. What does the author really want to say in Paragraph 3?A. A good deed is never lost.B. A

18、little help is worth a deal of pity.C. No good deed ever goes unpunished.D. Treat others as you want to be treated.8. Which of the following can best describe the author?A. Considerate.B. Brave.C. Helpful.D. Thankful.【答案】5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要记叙了作者在一个下雪天帮助了一对贫困父女的故事，告诉人们做好事会有好报。建议人们发自内心

19、的付出，让自己的生活充满善意。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中I found my email address was sold online, so now instead of just getting letters from the few charities(慈善机构) I can afford to support, I am also getting letters from a dozen other charities asking for my help.可知我发现我的邮箱地址在网上被卖掉了，所以现在我收到的不仅仅是我能负担得起的几个慈善机构的来信，我还收到了十几个其他

20、慈善机构的来信，请求我的帮助。由此可推知，作者会收到很多来信是因为许多慈善机构都有他的通讯地址。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中It was a windy, snowy day in December. I was a young dad who had saved just enough cash to buy my children a few presents for Christmas.可知那是十二月里一个多风的下雪天。我是一位年轻的父亲，攒下的钱刚好够给我的孩子们买几件圣诞礼物。由此可知，作者在刮风下雪天出门是为了去买礼物。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中T

21、hinking back to that moment in time reminded me that no good deed ever goes unrewarded(无回报的).可知回想起那一刻，我意识到任何善行都会有回报。由此可推知，在第三段中，作者真正想说的是“善有善报”。故选A。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中We may not always get a heartfelt hug but in time every act of giving, every act of kindness, and every act of love that we make flows

22、from heart to heart and soul to soul, around the world and back to us again.可知我们可能不会总是得到一个发自内心的拥抱，但我们所做的每一个给予、每一个善意、每一个爱的举动，都会从心到心，从灵魂到灵魂，流遍全世界，然后再回到我们自己身上。结合文章主要记叙了作者在一个下雪天帮助了一对贫困父女的故事，告诉人们做好事会有好报。建议人们发自内心的付出，让自己的生活充满善意。由此可推知，作者是个乐于助人的人。故选C。CThe future of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, which wi

23、ll open on Tuesday, has been doubted by some experts due to their low expectations as to its logistic(后勤的) functions. But instead, the bridge will play an important role in promoting the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.According to research made by the One Country Two Systems Research Ins

24、titute, the grand bridge connecting Hong Kong, Macao and Zhuhai will have limited effects on freightage(货运) but it will have a meaningful influence on passenger traffic.Under the economic environment of the Bay Area, particularly the western part, the bridges transport function will focus on passeng

25、er traffic.The bridge will give a big improvement to cross-boundary passenger traffic as using it will not only be less time-consuming than the currently used circuitous(迂回的) land routes, it will also be more economical than travel by sea. Demand for cross-boundary passenger transport is expected to

26、 increase greatly.And prospects(前景) for the bridges traffic volumes have received a improvement from two policies. The first is that the bridge charge for vehicles will be driver-friendly between 60 yuan ($8.66) and 300 yuan per trip.The second policy is connected with private car drivers. Hong Kong

27、 drivers without a mainland license can apply for a permit online and drive around Guangdong for a short period after entering the province through designated(指定的) ports.Along with other favorable policies, which have already been carried out, the operation of the bridge is likely to strength region

28、al unity.Greater cooperation between Hong Kong and the western Pearl River Delta is a major value of the bridge.9. According to the passage, we know that .A. Some experts once thought poorly of the future of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao BridgeB. The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is only used for passe

29、nger trafficC. Travel by sea will be replacedD. Charge for vehicles will be high10. The influence of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge includes .A. Make the transportation easier in this areaB. Improve tourismC. Promote cooperation among Hong Kong, Zhuhai and MacaoD. All of the above11. A Hong Kong

30、driver without a mainland license can .A. enter the mainland through any portB. stay in Guangdong for a short periodC. live in Guangdong as a citizenD. drive around the mainland for a short period【答案】9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】文章是说明文，主要介绍了港珠澳大桥一开始不被专家看好，到后面开通后有很多优势，得到认可。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“The future of the

31、 Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, which will open on Tuesday, has been doubted by some experts due to their low expectations as to its logistic(后勤的) functions.”将要在周二开通的港珠澳大桥的未来发展被很多专家怀疑，原因是由于这些专家们对于港珠澳大桥的后勤功能期望很低。所以这里是专家们不看好港珠澳大桥，与A项同义。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“The bridge will give a big improvement to

32、 cross-boundary passenger traffic”大桥会大大提高跨境乘客交通。港珠澳大桥使得交通更便捷，文章第五段“Hong Kong drivers without a mainland license can apply for a permit online and drive around Guangdong for a short period after entering the province through designated(指定的) ports.”香港司机没有大陆驾照能够网上申请驾照，并且短时间内在广东行驶也被允许，只要进入指定的停车点。所以这里促进了

33、旅游。文章最后一段“Greater cooperation between Hong Kong and the western Pearl River Delta is a major value of the bridge.”促进香港和珠三角之间的合作是这座桥的主要价值。所以以上3点都包含了，故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。文章第五段“Hong Kong drivers without a mainland license can apply for a permit online and drive around Guangdong for a short period after e

34、ntering the province through designated(指定的) ports.”香港司机没有大陆驾照能够网上申请驾照，并且短时间内在广东行驶也被允许，只要进入指定的停车点，所以这里没有大陆驾照的香港司机可以在广州待一小段时间。故选B项。DScientific research gives new explanations to a very old relationship.Dog Sense: How the New Science of Dog Behaviour Can Make You a Better Friend to Your Pet. By John B

35、radshaw. Basic Books; 324 pages; $25.99. Buy from A, Amazon.co.ukDogs seem to have been our beloved companions since there was written history. It is hard to be precise(精确地) about when the friendship began, but a reasonable guess is that it has been going strong for more than 20,000 years.

36、For John Bradshaw, a biologist who founded the anthrozoology department(the place known as human-non-human-animal studies) at the University of Bristol, having some idea about how dogs got to be dogs is the first step towards gaining a better understanding of human-dog relationship. It is generally

37、accepted that dogs were raised by human beings from wolves. However, Bradshaws research refuted the wrong ideas about the close relationship of dogs to wolves and the mistakes that this has led to, especially in the training of dogs over the past century or so.Dogs are not like nicely brought-up wol

38、ves, says the author, nor are they much like people despite their excellent ability to enter our lives and our hearts. However, dogs have a distinguish talent: they experience and react to the world through their extraordinary sense of smell: their sensitivity to smells is between 10,000 and 100,000

39、 times greater than ours. And their trainability allow dogs to perform almost unimaginable tasks, such as smelling the early stages of a cancer long before a normal medical diagnosis(诊断) would discover it.The latest scientific research can help dogs and their owners have happier, healthier relations

40、hips by encouraging people to understand dogs better. But Mr. Bradshaw is also fearful. In particular, he fears the incestuous（近亲繁殖）narrowing of the gene pool that modern breeders have brought about. He also worries that the increasing urbanization of society and the pressures on couples to work lon

41、g hours are putting dogs under huge stress.“Dog Sense” is neither a report nor a description of the joys of dog-ownership. At times its use of research data can be slightly difficult to understand. But this is a wonderfully informative, instructive book that will do good to every dog whose owner rea

42、ds it.12. Whats the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?A. ProvedB. DisagreedC. DescribedD. Explained13. Which of the following statements about dogs is not true according to the passage?A. Dogs and wolves are close relatives.B. Some dogs can smell early stage cancers.C. The relationship b

43、etween dogs and humans has a long history.D. Dog may suffer from depression.14. The purpose of the passage may be .A. to introduce something about dogsB. to present the result of a bookC. to change peoples attitude towards dogsD to advertise a book about dogs15. How does the author find Dog Sense?A.

44、 BoringB. InterestingC. UsefulD. Hard【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了Dog Sense 这本书，带领人们更多地去了解狗。【12题详解】词义猜测题。由第三段“It is generally accepted that dogs were raised by human beings from wolves. However, Bradshaws research refuted the wrong ideas about the close relationship of dogs to wolv

45、es and the mistakes that this has led to, especially in the training of dogs over the past century or so.”可知，人们普遍认为狗是由狼养出来的。然而，布拉德肖的研究 refuted了狗和狼关系密切的错误观点，以及由此导致的错误，特别是在过去一个世纪左右的狗的训练中。根据上下文的语境可知，布拉德肖的研究 驳斥了狗和狼关系密切的错误观点，以及由此导致的错误，特别是在过去一个世纪左右的狗的训练中。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“不赞同”。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Dogs seem

46、 to have been our beloved companions since there was written history. It is hard to be precise(精确地) about when the friendship began, but a reasonable guess is that it has been going strong for more than 20,000 years.”可知，从人类开始有记载历史起，大概是2万年前开始，狗狗便成为人类最友好的伙伴。C项是说狗狗与人类的友谊有很长的历史，所以C项正确。由第四段“And their tra

47、inability allow dogs to perform almost unimaginable tasks, such as smelling the early stages of a cancer long before a normal medical diagnosis(诊断) would discover it.”可知，狗狗可以嗅出癌症早期。所以B 项正确。由第五段“He also worries that the increasing urbanization of society and the pressures on couples to work long hour

48、s are putting dogs under huge stress.”可知，社会的逐步城市化以及夫妻长期加班的压力可能会使狗狗也处于高压之下。所以D项正确。由第三段“However, Bradshaws research refuted the wrong ideas about the close relationship of dogs to wolves and the mistakes that this has led to”可知，Bradshaw 的研究否认了狗狗和狼的近亲关系。所以A项错误。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。文章第二段“Dog Sense: How the

49、 New Science of Dog Behaviour Can Make You a Better Friend to Your Pet. By John Bradshaw. Basic Books; 324 pages; $25.99. Buy from A, Amazon.co.uk”介绍了书名、作者、书的页数、价格以及购买网址等相关信息。第三、四、五段提到了John Bradshaw 对人狗关系的一些新观点。最后一段点题，提到了本文作者对这本书的评价。由上可以推断，文章旨在向人们介绍这本有关狗狗的书 。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一句话“But t

50、his is a wonderfully informative, instructive book that will do good to every dog whose owner reads it.”可知，文章作者认为 Dog Sense 这本书信息量很大，有指导意义。狗的主人阅读了这本书，会对他们的狗狗大有裨益。由“wonderfully，do good to，informative，instructive”这样一些字眼可判断出，作者认为 Dog Sense 这本书是大有裨益的。故选C项。【点睛】根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论

51、，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。由文章最后一句话“But this is a wonderfully informative, instructive book that will do good to every dog whose owner reads it.”可知，文章作者认为 Dog Sense 这本书信息量

52、很大，有指导意义。狗的主人阅读了这本书，会对他们的狗狗大有裨益。由“wonderfully，do good to，informative ，instructive”这样一些字眼可判断出，作者认为 Dog Sense 这本书是大有裨益的。故小题4选C项。第二节 （共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Be a Good Listener to Your FamilyCommunication is important for strong family relationships. However, if

53、 you dont truly listen to others, it can be difficult to communicate. Working on your listening skills can help you communicate better and form stronger bonds._16_Stay in the present.When listening to a family member, do not let your mind wander to other things. Its important to strive to stay in th

54、e present to make your family member feel heard and valued._17_Instead, focus only on whats being said. If you feel your mind wandering, return your thoughts to the speakers words._18_When talking to someone, you often are focusing on what youre going to say next. This tendency can get more intense

55、when talking to a family member. If youre, say, discussing a family problem or disagreement, you may be eager to share your thoughts. However, do not think about how you feel or wish to respond. Focus only on the speaker and their thoughts and opinions on the matter.Show youre listening using non-ve

56、rbal cuesYou want the speaker to feel valued. Make sure to show youre listening. You can convey youre paying attention via non-verbal cues. _19_ Smiles and laugh when necessary, and keep eye contact.Make sure the speaker has finished talking before you talk.Its okay to accept a pause. A couple of se

57、conds of silence in a conversation is not a bad thing, and allows the speaker a chance to fully express themselves. Instead of immediately launching into your response, pause for a moment after the speaker finishes talking._20_People have a natural tendency to pause when they speak. If you notice th

58、e speaker has paused, do not assume theyve done talking. Give them a few seconds before you respond.A. Focus on the speakers words and not what youll say next.B. Never think about other things when someone is talking.C. You can think of how you will respond later.D. Thus, it is necessary to make sure to listen actively and here are