七年级英语第三单元语法篇

1、unit 3 the earth（语法篇）一.可数名词和不可数名词1. 可数名词的用法（1）可数名词有单复数之分。可数名词单数形式常为名词本身，且一般要在其前加冠词或其他限定词。单数可数名词做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。eg：my name is alice.（2）名词负数形式一般是在名词词尾加-s（-es），具体变化规则如下：大多数名词变复数时均在词尾加-s。如：rulerrulers, bookbooks以s，x，ch，sh结尾的在词尾加-es。如：watchwatches以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。如：familyfamilies，strawberrystrawbe

2、rries以f，fe结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。如：knife（小刀）knives，wifewives以o结尾的，一般来说加-s。如：zoozoos，photophotos；也有单词加-es，如：tomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes，heroheroes名词变复数不规则变化：通过内部元音变化构成复数。womanwomen，manmen，footfeet，toothteeth，goosegeese有些名词的单复数形式相同。sheepsheep（绵羊），deerdeer（鹿），chinesechinese,japanesejapanese有些名词单复数形式不同。childc

3、hildren，mousemice（老鼠）2.不可数名词的用法不可数名词不能计数，一般没有复数形式，也不能用不定冠词a/an或数词one直接修饰。它包括物质名词和抽象名词。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。eg：this is glue.这是胶水。不可数名词可用some，any，much，a lot of，（a）little，a bit of来修饰，表示一定的量。eg：i dont have any milk, but i have some tea. 我没有牛奶，但我有茶。不可数名词可用表示数量的名词来表示其数量，此时的名词有复数形式。eg：three bags of milk a

4、re three yuan. 3袋牛奶3元钱。二.there be句型there be句型表示其地或某时有某物。there是引导词，本身无实际意义；be是谓语动词，be后的名词是真正的主语。其句式变化见下表：肯定式there+be+主语+地点状语/时间状语eg：there is a car in front of the house.否定式there+be+not+主语+其他.eg：there isnt any water here.一般疑问句及其答语be+there+主语+其他？yes,there+be./no,there+be+not. eg：are there any books in

5、the bag?yes, there are./no,there arent.当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，其谓语必须用单数；当主语是可数名词复数时，其谓语必须用复数。如果there be句型后的主语是几个并列名词时，则根据第一个名词地点数确定be的形式，即该名词若是单数或不可数名词，be用单数；该名词若是复数，be用复数。将来时结构there will be./there be going to be. eg：there will/is going to be a meeting tomorrow.实践才是硬道理：一. 单项选择1. are there any maps on the

6、wall? a. there are some. b. yes, there is. c. yes, there is one. d. no, there are.2. how many _ are there in the picture? a. woman b. women c. boy d. milk3. there on the wall .they are very beautiful.a. are photoes b. are photos c. is a photo d. is photos4. there are four and two in the group.a. jap

7、anese, germen b. japaneses, germen c. japanese, german d. japanese, germans5. the boys have got already. a. two bread b. two breads c. two pieces of bread d. two piece of bread6. the old man wants .a. six boxes of apples b. six boxes of apple c. six box of apples d. six boxs of apples7. there some i

8、n the river. a. is, fish b. are, fishs c. is, fishs d. are, fish8. we should clean twice a day. a .our tooth b. our tooths c. teeth d. our teeth9. the meeting room is near the reading room. a. teacher b. teachers c. teachers d. teachers10. in britain are all painted red. a. letter boxes b. letters b

9、oxes c. letter box d. letters box11. there are birds in that big tree. a. hundreds of b. five hundreds of c. five hundred of d. hundred of12. there two bowls of rice on the table. a. is b. have c. has d. are13. there not milk in the cup on the table.a. are, many b. are, much c. is, many d. is, much1

10、4. there is some on the table.a. apple b. orange c. cake d. sandwich15. there isnt _ paper in the box. will you go and get some for me? a. any b. some c. a d. an16. how many _ are there in your classroom? a. desks b. desk c. chair d. door17. there _ something wrong with our classroom. a. are b. has

11、c. is d. have18. _ any flowers on both sides of the street ? a. is there b. are there c. has d. have19. there _ a football match on tv this evening. a. will have b. is going to be c. has d. is going to have20. there _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. you can take any of them. a. are b. is c.

12、has d. have二完形填空bruce likes playing 1 a river. but there 2 a river near his new house. he is not very happy.one day, he asks 3 mother,“ 4 a river near here?”“no, there 5 ”,his mother says, “but 6 new house has a garden? ”“i dont like 7 ”says bruce.one morning, his mother says “ 8 is a beautiful park

13、 near here. bruce, and there 9 two pools in it. well go there this afternoon.” bruce is very happy.after lunch, bruce and his mother 10 the park, and he plays in one of the pools. he has a very good time.( )1.a. atb. toc. ind. from( )2.a. isntb. isc. arentd. are( )3.a. herb. hisc. ourd. their( )4.a.

14、 there isb. are therec. there ared. is there( )5.a. isntb. isc. arentd. are( )6.a. yourb. myc. ourd. us( )7.a. youb. mec. themd. it( )8.a. theyb. itc. thisd. there ( )9.a. isb. arec. isntd. arent( )10.a. go tob. comes toc. tod. come三. 阅读理解it seems to us that the earth stands quite still (静止的). but i

15、t is really moving all the time. it turns around a make-believe line through its center. we call this make-believe line the earths axis (地轴). the two ends of the earths axis are called its poles (极). the earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.we look at the sun and say it travels acros

16、s the sky, but the sun doesnt really do so. the turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky. we cant see that the earth is moving because everything else on the earth is turning with us. as the earth turns around every twenty-four hours, first one half faces the sun a

17、nd then the other half. when our half of the earth is facing the sun, we say it is day. when our half is away from the sun, we say it is night. it is the turning of the earth that tells us when to go to bed and when to get up.1.the meaning of a make-believe line is a line that _.a. is called pole b.

18、 we cant seec. anyone can see d. we can make and believe2.it takes the earth _ to turn around its axis once.a. a week b. a month c. 12 hours d. 24 hours3.usually we say, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. in fact, the sun _.a. does not move b. is moving all the timec. moves sometimes d.

19、 is too heavy to move4.we cant see the earth moving because _.a. the earth stands stillb. everything on the earth is moving with usc. the earth is smaller than the sund. the earth goes only at night5.when our part of the earth turns away from the sun we have _, and when our part faces the sun we hav

20、e _.a. day; night b. day; day c. night; day d. night; night四写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、japanese 14、radio 15、potato 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 21、sheep 五根据所给汉语完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。there a book and two

21、 pens on the desk.2. 钱包里有些钱。there some money in the picture.3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。 some cards in jims bag.4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？ anything else in it?5. 我们学校有许多班。there many _ in our school.6. 树上没有鸟。there _ _ birds in the tree.7. 树上有很多苹果。_ _ _apples _the tree.六句型转换：1.there is a woman near the house.（变复数） 2. there a

22、re some buses near the hill.（变单数） 3. there are some apples on the tree.（变一般问句） 4. there is some orange in the glass.（变否定句） 5. is there a baby in the room?（变复数） 6. there arent any pictures on the wall. (同意句转换)there _ _ pictures on the wall.7. there is no milk in the glass. (同意句转换)there milk in the gl

23、ass.8. there are four children on the playground. (就划线部分提问)_ children _ on the playground?9. there is only one cat behind the door. (就划线部分提问) _ there behind the door?10. there is some water in the bottle. (就划线部分提问)_ there in the bottle?参考答案：一15：cbbdc 610：aadca 1115：aadba 1620：acbbb二15：cabda :610：cdd

24、ba三15：1.b。根据句子的意思及地理课上学到的知识，可知地球绕其中心旋转的那条线叫做地轴。这是一条假想的、看不见的东西。故答案是b。2.d。根据the earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.这个句子可直接选出正确答案。事实上，确切地说，地球自转一周所用的时间是23时48分46秒。3.a。答案就在 but the sun doesnt really do so. the turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky.这两句话中。选项d迷惑性较大，但是这利用由地理知识来排除。4.b。这是表层理解题，很明显答案在because everything else on