XX年中考英语二轮专题复习材料语法专题-形容词

1、XX年中考英语二轮专题复习材料语法专题-形容词本资料为woRD文档，请点击下载地址下载全文下载地址中考专题六：形容词副词知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！I.形容词一、形容词的一般用法.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。Itsacoldandwindyday.2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。Helookshappytoday.3.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink？4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放可在名词之后作后置定语。Howlongisther

2、iver？Itsabouttwohundredmetreslong.5.多作表语的形容词：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；Themanisill.那个人生病了.Theillmanismyuncle.那个坏人是我叔叔.6.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的最适当的,最好的唯一的；wooden僵硬的，不自然的；没有精神的：木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的myelderbrotherisinBeijing.（正）Thisisawoodenbed.这是张木床。mybrotheriselder.（误）Hisperfo

3、rmanceshavebecomewoodenanddull.他的演出变得呆板乏味。7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely；friendly；lively；lovely8.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如：Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。Thewomanboughttwobeautifulchineseplates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。9.形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一

4、类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white。例如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。二、形容词常用句型.“Its+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb+be+adj+todosth注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，用来描述不定式逻辑主语的本质特征.如good，kind

5、，nice，polite，clever，foolish，lazy，careful，careless，right（正确的），wrong等。Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.（=youareverykindtohelpme.）2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=Todosthisadjforsb.注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等,用来强调对不定式逻辑主语

6、的影响。Itsnoteasyforthemtolearnaforeignlanguage.（=Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyforthem.）3.表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式作状语。Imverysadtohearthebadnews.4.表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式作宾语。LeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Heissuretogettoschoolontime.副词一

7、、副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：方式副词：fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quiteverywell地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副词：no，not，neither，nor疑问副词：where，how，why其他：also，too，only二、副词的基本用法

8、：).副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前.Heplaysthepianoverywell.2).副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后.Hegotupquickly3).enough修饰adj/adv时,放在其后.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.三、常见副词，形容词用法辨析.already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中，表示“已经”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”Hehad_leftwhenIcalled.Haveyoufoundyourruler_？2very，much和verymuch.的区别very用于修饰形容

9、词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词要用verymuch.johnis_honest.Thisgardenis_biggerthanthatone.Thankyou_.3.so与such的区别so修饰形容词或副词；such修饰名词，mybrotherrunssofastthatIcantfollowhim.Heissuchaboy.soadj/advsuchan/a+nso+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数solittle/few/much/many+nsuch+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词Heis_cleveraboy.=H

10、eis_acleverboy.Itis_coldweather.Theyare_goodstudents.名词前有many,much,few,little用so不用such.但little表示“小的”用such如：suchalittlepuppy.Thereare_littlesheeponthehill.4.also，too，aswell与either的区别also，aswell，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；aswell，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，myfatherisateacher.mymotheris_a

11、teacher.=myfatherisateacher.mymotherisateacher_.=myfatherisateacher.mymotherisateacher，_.IcantspeakFrenchjennycantspeakFrench，_.5.sometime，sometimes，sometime与sometimes的区别Sometimeadj：表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。（atanuncertaintimeinthepastorinthefuture）Sometimesadv：有时，不时的=attimes，fromtimetotime，occasionallysom

12、etime：一段时间sometimes：几次，几倍wellhaveatest_nextmonth._wearebusyandsometimeswearenot.HestayedinBeijingfor_lastyear.IhavebeentoBeijing_.6.ago与before的区别ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用。before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，可以单独使用。在现在完成时里表在此之前。Isawhimtenminutes_.Hetoldmethathehadseenthefilm_.7.now，just与just

13、now的区别now：与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”just：与现在完成时连用，表示“刚”justnow：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”wheredoeshelive_？wehave_seenthefilm.Hewashere_.8.lonely/alone的区别).alone独自一人/没有同伴,既可作adj也可作adv.2).lonely表示孤独,寂寞,也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的，常与feel连用。3).alone只作表语而lonely既可作表语,也可作定语)Helives_ona_island.Heis_,buthedoesntfeel_.9.fast/quickly

14、/soon的区别.fast表示速度之快quickly表示动作之快soon表示时间之快Imleavinghomethisafternoon.Really?whyso_?A.fastB.soonc.quicklyD.early、形容词，副词的比较级、最高级一、规则变化.一般在词尾直接加er或est，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，

15、双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，big-bigger-biggest注:大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat）5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful注:表示否定意义在其前加less/leastimportant-lessimportant-leastimportantEnglishismoreinterestingthanchinese=chineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.6

16、.由“形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/mostslowly-moreslowly-mostslowly；但earlyearlier-earliest二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold/elderold/eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarfarther/further（程度）farthest/furthest下列单、双音节词只能加more和most原级比较级最高级likemorelikemostlikerealmorerealmostrealti

17、redmoretiredmosttiredpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedoftenmoreoftenmostoften注:形容词,副词同形有:back,high,well,fast,early,late,straight，hard，easy，high，有些形容词，如dead,empty,round,sure,woolen等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。形容词，副词等级的用法一、原级的用法.修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，tooHeistootiredtowalkon.mybrotherrunssofastthatIcantfollowhim.2.原级常用的

18、句型结构（1）A=B-A+as+adj/adv的原级+as+B表示“A和B一样”Tomisasoldaskate.Tomrunsasfastasmike.（2）AB-A+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B表示“A不如B”Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.Hedoesntwalkasslowlyasyou.二、比较级的用法.可以修饰比较级的词.much，alot，far，的多alittle，abit，一点儿even甚至，still仍然many（more+可数名词复数），LessononeismucheasierthanLessonTwo.Tomlookseven

19、youngerthanbefore.2.比较级常用的句型结构“甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”Tomistallerthankate.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.三.最高级的用法).结构:the+最高级+of+人或物HeisthetallestofalltheboysHeworkshardestinhisclass.注:副词的最高级前the可省掉2).the+序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词TheyellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinchina.3).oneof+the+形容词的最高级+复数名

20、词Heisoneoftheclevereststudentsinourclass.4).“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。whichseasondoyoulike（the）best，spring，summerorautumn？四.级别的转换).原级与比较级的转换a).倍数+asas+比较级+thanThisroomisfivetimesasbigasthatone=Thisroomis_biggerthanthatone.b).notasas与比较级的转换A+notasas+BA+比较级+than+BB+比较级+than+Amaryisnotasolda

21、sTom.=maryis_Tom.=Tomis_mary.Thisbookisnotasexpensiveasthatone=Thisbookis_thanthatone=Thatbookis_thanthisone.2).比较级与最高级的转换a).the+最高级+of/inb).同一范畴比较级+than+anyother+单数名词+theother+复数名词+anyoneelse+anyoftheother+复名c）不同范畴比较级+than+any+单数名词+anyof+the复数名词+anyoned）Nobodyelse+比较级+thanTomisthetallestboyinourcla

22、ss.Tomistallerthan_boyinourclass.Tomistallerthan_inourclass._istallerthanTominourclass.五.比级别的惯用法.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。Heisgettingtallerandtaller.2.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。Themorecarefulyouare，thefewermistakesyoullmake.3.“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+”表示“甲是两者中较的”。Lookatthetwoboys.mybrotheristhetalleroft

23、hetwo.4.当adj的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the.Thisismybestbookofall.5.相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较.mypencilislongerthan_.6.比较时不能与自身相比注:当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时,为了与自身相比较,要用anyother+单数名词.若两者不属于同一范围/类别时,不必用other,直接用any+单数名词.Heistallerthan_boyinhisclass.Heistallerthan_boyinourclass.A.anyB.anyother7.有些含有比较级的句子里，常用that、those代替前面

24、提到的词，以避免重复。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan_inGuangzhouinwinter.Theboysinourclassaremorethan_inyourclass.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1.Heis_friendsthanI.A.muchmoreB.manymorec.verymoreD.toomore2.whichisthe_country,japanorAustralia?A.moredevelopedB.moredevelopingc.mostdevelopedD.mostdeveloping3.Therewere_shopsinth

25、ecityin1982thanin1990.A.littleB.fewc.fewerD.less4.Ifyouarenotfreetoday,comeanotherday_.A.tooB.soc.insteadD.yet5Hecanttellus_,Ithink.A.importantanythingB.anythingimportantc.importantsomethingD.somethingimportant.6.TheHuangRiveristhesecond_riverinourcountry.A.longB.longerc.longestD.thelongest7.Theligh

26、tintheofficewasnt_forhimtoread.A.enoughbrightB.brightenoughc.brightlyD.enoughbrightly8.Therewasanaccidentatthecorner._,thegirlwasnt_hurt.A.luckily,badlyB.luck,hardlyc.Lucky,heavilyD.Lucky,strongly9.youmustkeepyoureyes_whenyoudoeyeexercises.A.closeB.openc.closedD.,opened10.Fivedayshaspassed,butIhaven

27、tfinishedhalfofthework._,A.alreadyB.stillc.tooD.yet练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！选择最佳答案填空：I.1.Dontworry,sir.ImsureIcanrun_tocatchupwiththem.A.slowlyenoughB.enoughslowlyc.fastenoughD.enoughfast2.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare_newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittlec.fewD.little3.Itssuchan_filmthatallthestudentsare_init.A.

28、interesting;interestedB.interested;eresting;interestingD.interested;interested;interested4.mingminggotupvery_,sohecametoschoolhalfanhour_.A.late;latelyB.lately;latec.lately;latelyD.late;late5.Iam_worriedaboutyparentshealthyconditions.A.sometimesB.sometimec.sometimesD.sometimes6.wedon

29、thave_everyday.A.alotofschoolworksB.manyschoolworkc.anyschoolworksD.muchschoolwork7.Look!Howfastthetwohorsesarerunning!-oh,yes!Theyarenearly_.A.upanddownB.slowerandslowerc.moreorlessD.neckandneck8._childrenthereareinfamily,_theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterc.Fewer;richerD.more;

30、poorer9.mostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting_.A.moreandmorerichB.morerichandmorerichc.richerandricherD.richerandrichest10.whichlessonis_,thisoneorthatone?A.difficultB.muchdifficultc.moredifficultD.themostdifficult11.“A_accidenthappenedat7:30a.m.”saidthepoliceman_.A.serious,seriousB.seriously,serious

31、lyc.seriously,seriousD.serious,seriously12._isitfromourschooltoLupuBridge?A.HowlongB.Howoftenc.HowfarD.Howmuch13.Inourcity,itis_injuly,butitiseven_inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotc.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter14.Thispencilis_thatone.A.solongasB.aslongerasc.longerthanD.notaslongestas15.Thestationistwokil

32、ometers_thehospital.A.awaytoB.farawayc.farfromD.awayfrom16.Beijinghas_manybusesthatthereisoftenatrafficjaminrushhours.A.soB.veryc.tooD.much17.Thisboxis_heavy_Icantcarryit.A.too,toB.so,thatc.very,thatD.too,that18.Indiahasthesecond_populationintheworld.A.largerB.mostc.smallestD.largest19.maryreceived_

33、manypostcardsatchristmas.A.soB.suchc.tooD.even20.Thecakesmells_.Pleasethrowitaway.A.goodB.badlyc.badD.well21.-whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?-Itwasterrible.Itrainedso_thatpeoplecould_goout.A.hardlyhardB.hardlyhardlyc.hardhardlyD.hardhard22.Themeetingwillbeheldinhalfanhour,buttheyhaventgoteverythingr

34、eady_.A.everB.alreadyc.yetD.still23.-whatabouttheEnglishnovel?-Itsnotverydifficult.Thereareonly_newwordsinit.A.fewB.afewc.manyD.alittle24.Howbeautifulshesings!Iveneverheard_.A.thebettervoiceB.agoodvoicec.thebestvoiceD.abettervoice25.mrSmithalwayshas_totellus.A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodn

35、ewsc.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somepieceofgoodnew26.Imafraidtheheadmasteris_busytomeetthevisitors.A.toomuchB.muchtooc.somuchD.verymuch27.Dad,whenwillyoubefree?youagreedtogototheseasidewithmefourdaysago.-Iamsorry,jean.ButIthinkIwillhavea_holidaysoon.A.four-daysB.four-dayc.fourdaysD.fourday28.ThesceneryinS

36、anyalooks_,especiallyTianyaHaijiaois_.A,well,bestB.fine,themostfamousc.nice,betterD.beautifully,thebest29.whata_dayitis!Letsgooutforawalk.A.windyB.lovelyc.rainyD.cloudy30.ofthetwo.Australianstudents,mashais_one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A,tallestB,thetallerc.tallerD.thetallest-5ccADc6-10DDBcc1-15DcD

37、cD6-20ABDAc21-25ccADB26-30BBBBBII.形容词1.Letsgoandhaveadrink.wevegot_timebeforethetrainleaves.A.littleB.fewc.alittleD.afew2.The_youeat,thebetteryourhealthwillbe.A.littleB.fewc.lessD.fewer3.Theyhavejustcleanedthewindows,sotheroomlooks_.A.morebrighterB.morebrightc.lessbrightD.muchbrighter4.whichisthe_,t

38、hetrainstation,thebusstationortheairport?A.farB.farthestc.fatherD.morefar5.Nowtheairinourhometownis_thanitwasbefore.Somethingmustbedone.A.muchbetterB.moreworsec.morebetterD.muchworse6.Iwasfeelingtiredlastnight,soIwenttobed_thanusual.A.earlyB.earlierc.lateD.later7.Eitherofthemcantakethisjob,butwhatIm

39、interestediniswhois_.A.themostcarefulB.morecarefulc.carefulD.evencareful8.Inourcity,its_injuly,butitiseven_inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotc.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter9.Ithinkyaoming,thefamousbasketballplayer,willbe_newstarinNBA.A.hotB.hotterc.hottestD.thehottest10.ofthetwoAustralianstudents,mashais_o

40、ne.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A.tallestB.thetallerc.tallerD.thetallest11.Itsgoodforyourhealthtodo_sports.A.muchB.leastc.moreD.most12.ourholidaywas_.yes.Iveneverhad_.A.such;abetteroneB.greatly;agoodonec.sogreat;abetteroneD.verygood;thebestone13.mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?-certainly,wecanbuy_oneth

41、anthis,but_this.A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodasc.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;notasgoodas14.whydontyouaskTomtodoit?-Idontknowwhetherheis_to.Hesometimesmakesthingsworse.A.possibleB.ablec.afraidD.easy15.LotsofvisitorscometoNanjingbecausesheis_city.A.soabeautifulB.veryabeautifulc.suchbeautif

42、ulaD.quiteabeautiful16.Ifyoulikethechicken,youmayhaveas_asyoucan.A.muchB.manyc.moreD.little17.ThechangjiangRiverisoneof_riversintheworld.A.longB.longerc.longestD.thelongest18._childrenthereareinafamily,_theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterc.Fewer;richerD.more;poorer19.Theboyis_you

43、ngtocarrythebox.Letsgoandhelphim.A.tooB.soc.veryD.quite20.ThecoatIboughtlastweekistoobigforme.Idliketochangeitfora_one.A.smallB.largec.nicerD.smaller21.30,000dollarsisalargeamountofmoney,butits_thanweneed.A.farmoreB.verymuchc.farlessD.verylittle22.chinahas_populationintheworld.A.biggerB.largerc.theb

44、iggestD.thelargest23.Lucyshandwritingisgood,butRoseshandwritingismuch_.A.goodB.bestc.betterD.thebest24.Thedayisbrightand_.Letsgoforawalk.A.sunnyB.darkc.cloudyD.windy25.Asaresult,_peopleliketotravelbyairthanbefore.A.muchmoreB.manymorec.moremuchD.moremany26.whynotmakeakiteyourself?youdontneed_forit.A.

45、anythingspecialB.somethingspecialc.specialanythingD.specialsomething27.Thiscomputerisasgoodasanewonebut_expensive.A.muchlessB.morelessc.moremuchD.muchmore28.Theyoungscientistdecidedtowork_inthe_forest.A.lonely;aloneB.alone;lonelyc.alone;aloneD.lonely;lonely29._youeatbutter,creamandchocolate,_youwill

46、become.A.Themore;thethinnerB.Theless;thefatterc.more;fatterD.Themore;thefatter30.Theoldmannextdoorwasfound_inthelivingroom.maybehediedfromaheartattack.A.deadB.diec.dyingD.death31.IpaidavisittomrsSmithyesterdayevening.Shedidntlook_,butshesaidshewasgettingonallright.A.asworriedaseverB.ashappyasusualc.

47、happierthanD.ashappilyasusual32.The_boyhadbeensenttohospitalbeforehismothergotbackhome.A.illB.dangerousc.sickD.sleeping33.Sheis_shecannotreachthetopoftheblackboard.A.suchatallpersonthatB.muchshorterthanc.asshortthatD.soshortthat34.Trytomakeas_mistakesaspossible.A.lessB.littlec.fewD.afewIII.副词1.Theyyoungmanis_carrythatheavybag.A.strongenoughtoB.enoughstrongtoc.notstrongenoughD.strongenough2.yangwonthewomens500metersinthesportsmeeting.Shedid_ofall.A.bestB.betterc.wellD.good3.Itssocoldtoday.yes,its_colderthanitwasyes