河北省石家庄市第三十一中学高中英语 B7U4 Sharing学案 新人教版选修71

1、河北省石家庄市第三十一中学高中英语 B7U4 Sharing学案 新人教版选修7 I.经典句子背诵 1. What if he didnt want to see her? 2. I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the place I talk about. 3. To be honest, I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives a

2、t all. 4. When hot, he placed them in an empty oil drum 5. I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I couldnt participate in the conversation. II. Words 1.relevant adj 有关的；切题的 1）Sometimes I wonder _ _ _ _ _ these students. (课文原句)有时我真想知 道化学课对这些孩子有多大关

3、系。 2）The professor sometimes makes remarks that are not_ to the topic. A. associate B. relevant C. dependent D. connect 3) Color and sex are hardly relevant _ whether somebody is suitable for a job. A. on B. for C. to D. with 归纳： relevance n 贴切；中肯 relevantly 有关地；切题地 be relevant to .=be concerned wit

4、h 与相关 irrelevant remarks 不相关的言论 2.adjust 1）He _(适应)quickly to the heat of India. 2) He _(调整)his tie before entering the hall. 3) It may now be time to_(做一些调整) to the system. 4) You cant see through a telescope unless it is correctly_ to your sight. A. adapted B. adjoined C. adjusted D. adjudged 归纳：

5、adjust the clock 调表 adjust to doing sth/sth 适应做某事 adjust oneself to doing sth=adapt oneself to doing sth 使某人适应 make adjustments 作出调整 【辨析】：adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match 都含“适合”、“适应”的意思。 adapt 指“修改或改变以适应新环境或条件”。 adjust 指“调整”、“调节”使之适合。 fit 多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”。 suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、情况；适宜于；中.意”。 match 指“大小、色调、形

6、状、性质等相配或相称”。 3. privilege 1）_ _ _ _ _to have spent a day with Tombes family.(课文原句)跟汤贝一家渡过一天，真是一种殊荣。 2) I had the privilege of meeting the queen. (英译汉) _ 3) She had led a life of luxury and privilege. (英译汉) _ 4) One of the obstacles to social harmony is privilege. ( 英译汉) _ 5) Big business enjoy certa

7、in _ that smaller ones do not have. A. regulations B. privileges C. fragments D. sequences 归纳： privilege n 特权，特别恩典，基本人权 v. 给与.特权，特别优待 privileged adj 有特权的，特别优待的 1 enjoy privilege 享受特权 have the privilege of sth/ to do sth 有.的特权 as a special privilege 作为特别许可 4. participate 1) When did you _ in the tenn

8、is club? 2) A peace demonstration was held in Rome on Sunday with tens of thousands of people from all over Italy_. 3) A back injury prevented him from_ any sports for a while. 4) No professional may _ in the amateur tennis tournament. A. participate B. undertake C. predict D. withdraw 归纳： participa

9、te in= join in= take part in 参加；参与 participation n 参加；参与 participant n 参与者；参加者 5. operate 1) You would be _ a risk to let your child go to school by himself. A. operating B. attaching C. affording D. running 2) When does the new law come into_? A. act B. at C. activity D. operation 3) The doctor sai

10、d that the patient had to _ at once. A. operate B. be operating C. operate on D. be operated on 4）He _ _ the boys leg. 他给这个男孩的腿部做了手术。 5）The new rules _ _ _ from next month. 新规定下月起实施。 归纳： operate on sb 给某人动手术 operate on sbs +部位 为某人动手术 operate a car/machine 开车/开动机器 operate factories/ a shop 开工厂/开商店 co

11、me into operation 开始运转；实施起来 bring/put sth into operation 使.实施；使开始运转/工作 in operation 在运转中；在实施中 6. otherwise 1）Seize the chance, _ youll regret it. 抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。 2）Lets go now,_ well be late. 3) He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he _ _ _ (come) to the meeting. 归纳： otherwise做连词时，常放在祈使句后面，相当于or 或o

12、r else otherwise 做副词时，表示“否则”；“要不然”可与虚拟语气连用 III. Phrases 1. dry out 1）Dont leave that steamed bread on the table, it _ _ _. 2) June was in danger of becoming an alcoholic and so shes gone to a special nursing home to _ _. 3) If foreign aid_, the situation will be desperate. 4) And in time the profit

13、_ _ _ as well. 5) Hope is the source of life, without which life_ _ _. 希望是生命的源泉，失去她生命就会枯萎。 归纳： dry out (浸水等物)干透，完全变干，戒酒 dry up (指河流，井等)干涸；（使）枯竭；消失；用完 2. be dying to do sth/ for sth 1) I know you _ _ _ hear all about my life here.我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况。（课本原句） 2) I _ _ _ _ somebody.我渴望出人头地。 2 3) He _ _ _ s

14、omething to drink. 他渴望有喝的东西。 4）They were all waiting there,_/_ _ news.他们都等在那里，盼望着消息。 5）When the cheering_, president began his speech. A. died down B. laid down C. let off D. dropped off 6) Ronnys steps_, and there was a moment of absolute silence. A. died down B. died away C. died off D. died out 归

15、纳： be dying to do sth极想；渴望 be dying for sth=be thirsty for 极想；渴望 die off 相继死去 die away 消逝；静下来 die out 灭绝，废除，绝迹 die down 平息，变弱 die for ones country 为国捐躯 be dying of (doing )sth 因做某事而死亡 die of （sorrow/illness/hunger/anger/old age）死于内因 die from死于外因 【联系】 be anxious for sth= be eager for sth= long for st

16、h= be thirsty for sth= have an appetite for sth= be dying for sth =hope for sth=have a hunger for sth= wish for sth 渴望；想要 3. up to 1) Many of them have walked a long way, _ , to get to school.他们中很多人走了很长的路，有时要走两个小时，才能到学校。（课本原句） 说出下列句中up to 的意思： 2）He can earn up to$ 50,000 a year._ 3) Up to yesterday,

17、 I thought he was single. _ 4) Its up to her to decide whether or not to go on the course._ 5) Im not sure if she is really up to that job. _ 6) He is up to no good._ 7) Her latest book isnt up to her usual standard._ 归纳： up to +数字 多大 up to +时间 直到. up to +sb 由某人负责 up to +sth 忙于做某事；胜任 Whats up? 怎么了？

18、Its up to you.由你来决定 IV.用所给单词或短语的正确形式填空（有多余选项） come across, hear from, stick out, be dying to, in need, leave alone, up to, to be honest, benefit from, take up, on behalf of, adapt to, make an arrangement, to ones surprise, relevant, dry up, participate in 1. Have you recently _ him? He left the city

19、 a week ago. 2. The charity aims to provide assistance to people_. 3. He _ his arms_ to the sky. 4. I _ my English teacher and talked with him for a while. 5. The old man is _ return to his hometown. 6. Id like to welcome you_ all the students in our class. 3 7. Peasants _ a lot _ the new agricultur

20、al policy. 8._, I did not finish the homework all by myself. 9. I am afraid that the piano_ too much room. 10. It is _ you to decide everything. 11. She found it hard to _ herself _ the new job. 12. His skin is not _ whether he is a good lawyer. 13. Everyone in the class is expected to_ these discus

21、sions. 14. Many rivers in Africa have _ recently. 15. We could_ to meet at ten oclock tomorrow. Book 7 Unit 4 Sharing 语法学案 定语从句 一）概念：在复合句中，修饰某一_或_的从句，叫定语从句。 1. _词：定语从句所修饰的词 2. 引导词：(1) 关系_词: who, whom, whose, which, that, as (2) 关系_词: where, when, why 3. 关系词常有3个作用：引导定语从句 代替先行词。在定语从句中担当一个_。 4. 关系代词作主语

22、、宾语、表语或定语（whose），作_时可省略；关系副词作状语，一般不省略 二）定语从句的种类 定语从句可分为两类：_定语从句和_定语从句 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用_引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。 把下列句子翻译成中文： His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. _ China is a country which has a long history.

23、_ 三）定语从句的热门考点 1. 定语从句关系词的选用（详见表格）；2. 只能that或which的情况； 4 3. which和as的区别； 4. whose 用法及转换形式； 5. 介词+关系代词中介词的选用及位置(介词短语和动词短语)； 6. 定语从句中的特殊情况。 四）关系代词和关系副词的作用 正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。关系词的选择完全取决于关系词在定语从句中所充当的句子成分。关系词一共有9个, 它们在从句中所充当的句子成分见下表。 关系词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 说明 that 人/物人/物 不能用于非限制性从句 which 物 物 which作宾语很少见 who 人

24、 who可代替whom作宾语 whom 人 whose 人/物 when where why as 主要用于非限制性的定语从句和suchas, the same.as., so.as.结构中 考点一：如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词 （提示: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定） 用关系词填空 1) Those _ break the rules should be punished. 2) In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to _ she could turn for help. 3) Gone ar

25、e the days _ we used foreign oil. 考点二: 关系代词which 和that的区别 在定语从句中, 当先行词指物时, 下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which: 1) 先行词被形容词最高级；序数词；the only, the very, the right 修饰时。 This is the best film that I have seen. / This is the very person that Im waiting for. 2) 先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, something, everything, not

26、hing, anything, none, the one时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时 All that glitters is not gold. 中文意思：_ Im sure theres nothing that a woman cant do. / All that can be done _ been done. 3) 先行词中既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 4) 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关

27、系代词也在从句中作表语时，用that China is no longer the country that it used to be. = the country _ it used to be. 5) 当主句中含有疑问词which或who时, 为避免重复，常用that 代替who 或which。 Who that has common sense will do such a thing? / Which is the book that you like best? 6) 主句以there be 开头时 There is little that I can do to make up

28、for the lost time. 7)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系词已用which, 另一个宜用that They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution. 在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，只能用which而不能用that 的情况： 1) 在介词提前的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which。 This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live. 2) which 可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。 She failed

29、 the exam, which made her parents vary angry. 考点三：as与which引导的定语从句 共同点：二者都可以引导非限制定语从句，指代从句中的一部分或整个句子的内容。 5 在下列情况下一般只能用as： (1) as 放在句首，而which不能。（which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后边；as引导的非限制 性定语从句既可放在主句前，又可在主句之后，有时还可插入主句中） Taiwan is part of China, as is known to us all. = As we all know, Taiwan is part of China

30、. = Taiwan, as we all know, is part of China. (2) as 本身有“正如；就像”之意，而which 没有； as常用于某些固定结构：as is known to all, as we had expected, as anybody can see, as often happens, as has been said before, as is mentioned above (3) 当先行词被the same, such修饰时，定语从句需用as引导， as还用于soas结构 区别：the same as (指同类的东西) the same th

31、at (指同一个东西) This is the same watch _ I lost. 这和我丢失的那一只表一样。（不是同一只） This is the same watch _ I lost. 这就是我丢失的那一只表。（同一只） 考点四：whose 用法及转换形式 whose引导的定语从句，其后紧跟名词。其先行词不仅可指人，还可指物。 whose引导的从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如： 即whose+名词 = the +n + of which/whom =of which/whom + the + n. He lives in the room _ window faces so

32、uth. = He lives in the room, the window _ _ faces south. = He lives in the room, _ _ the window faces south. 考点五：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词一般只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）即：介词+which/ whom 1) 当介词放在关系代词的前面时， 关系代词只能用which或whom, 关系代词不能省略。 2) 非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“ 数词/代词 + of which/whom”的结构，如：He has written many bo

33、oks, most of which are for children. 考点六：使用定语从句时应注意的问题 1) 定语从句的主谓一致的问题（ 定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致） I, who _ (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you. Tom is one of the boys who _ (be) late. Tom is the only one of the boys who _ (be) late. The Great Wall is one of the wonders that _ (draw) lots of visit

34、ors. The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that _ (be) seen from the moon. 长城是地球上唯一一个从月球上看到的建筑物。 注意：not the only one of= one of Tom isnt the only one of the boys who _ passed the exam. 2) way 和time 后接定语从句的情况 the way 后的定语从句： I dont like the way _ you speak to her. This is the w

35、ay _ really works. This is the way _ he used to solve the problem. 先行词是time时，表“次数”用关系代词that引导定语从句 (可省略)；表“一段时间”用关系副词when 或介词at/ during which 3) 分隔性定语从句。定语从句与先行词被分割开来 定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来。 先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后 All is well that

36、ends well. / The days are gone _ the Chinese were looked down upon. 4) 在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think, I suppose, I guess, I imagine等。 5) 定语从句中的谓语含有can, may等情态动词时，可简化为 “介词+which/ whom +不定式结构” 6 The poor man has no house in which he can live. = The poor man has no house in which _ _. The beggar has no money

37、 with which he can buy food. = The beggar has no money with which _ _food. 6) 在关系副词where / when 前有时可以加介词 He is standing on the top of the hill, from _ he can enjoy a wonderful view. 7) 与状语从句的比较 This is such an interesting/ so interesting a film _ everyone wants to see it. This is such an interesting

38、/ so interesting a film _ everyone wants to see. The stone was so heavy _ we cant lift it. = The stone was so heavy _ we cant lift. 定语从句练习 1.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. A. what B. where C. when D. w

39、hy 2. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members. Athem Bthat Cwhich Dwhom 3. _ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A. It B. That C. What D. As 4. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live. A. what

40、B. which C. when D. where 5. Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. where C. which D. whom 6. There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science. A.as B. that C. when D. where 7. He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the

41、 national team. Ain which case Bin that case Cin what case Din whose case 8. He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident. A. what B. which C. where D. how 9. The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out. A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom 10. Happiness and success often come to those