新概念英语-第2册-第4课-Lesson-4-课件-PPT

1、nce-2,new concept english,lesson 4,an exciting trip,1,i.key words exciting, receive, firm, different ii.key structures the present perfect simple现在完成时,key points,2,revision,寄，送 明信片 损坏 博物馆 公共的,友好的 服务员 借给 决定 整个的 唯一的,send,postcard,spoil,spoilt/spoiled,museum,public,friendly,waiter,lend,decision,whole,s

2、ingle,3,postcards always _ my holidays. last summer, i went to _. i _ museums and sat in _ gardens. a _ waiter taught me a few words of _. then he _ me a book. i read a _ lines, but i did not _ a word. every day i _ _ my postcards. my holidays passed _, but i did not _ cards to my friends. _ the las

3、t day i _ a big _. i got up _ and _ thirty-seven cards. i _ the _ day in my room, _ i did not write a _ card,spoil,italy,visited,public,friendly,italian,lent,few,understand,thought,about,quickly,send,on,made,decision,early,bought,spent,whole,but,single,revision,4,new words,exciting,adj. 令人兴奋的（修饰事物,e

4、xcited 感到兴奋的（修饰人,ed自己感到 interested, bored, relaxed -ing令人感到interesting,boring,relaxing,e.g. i am interested in this book. this is an interesting book,5,v.接受，收到（客观的收到,e.g. receive a letter (from sb.) this morning i receive a bunch of flowers,同义 accept同意，接受（主观,e.g. this morning i received a bunch of f

5、lowers but i didnt accept it,receive,take接受，收到,e.g. take the exam, take advice,new words,6,new words,firm,n.商行，公司 law firm法律公司,company公司,different,adj.不同的 same相同的,adv.differently, n. difference,e.g. be different from differences between a 现在完成时通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语,一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago,

6、in1990, in october, just now, - 具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的时间状语,句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时 错tom has written a letter to his parents last night. 对tom wrote a letter to

7、 his parents last night,grammar,22,3现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live,teach,learn,work,study, know. 一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等,she joined the league three years ago. (加入的动作不是延续的) she has been in the league for three years (since three years ago).(在团内的状

8、态可延续) she has been a league member for three years (since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续,grammar,23,延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段 时间的状语连用,比较延续动词与瞬间动词,he has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)ive known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历,grammar,24,since 用来说明动作起始时间 “自从” for用来说明动作延续时间长度 “长达” i have lived h

9、ere for more than twenty years.i have lived here since i was born.my aunt has worked in a company since 1949. i have not heard from my uncle for a long time,比较since和for,并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时 i worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。) i have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。,gram

10、mar,25,he has gone to shanghai. 他(已经)去上海了,he has been to shanghai. 他(曾经) 去过上海,比较 have/has been to , have/has gone to,grammar,26,he died 10 years ago. - he _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. he borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - he _ _ the book for 2 weeks. 3. he bought the motorbike a month a

11、go. -he _ _ the motorbike for a month. 4. he arrived here three days ago. - he _ _ here since three days ago. 5. they turned off the light 2 hours ago. - the light _ _ _ for 2 hours. 6. he left here 2 years ago. - he _ _ _ from here for 2 years. 7. the film began 30 minutes ago. - the film _ _ _ for

12、 30 minutes. 8. they opened the door an hour ago. - the door _ _ _ for an hour. 9. they closed the door an hour ago. - the door _ _ _ for an hour. 10. he joined the army last year. - he _ _ a _ for a year. - he _ _ _ the army for a year. - it _ a year _ he joined the army,延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化,exercise,2

13、7,sum up,一、现在完成时,1)构成,肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它,否定句：主语+have/has not+过去分词+其它,疑问句：have/has+主语+过去分词+其它,he has been to australia,he has not been to australia,has he been to australia,28,sum up,2)用法,1.过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与表示时间的副词连用，如yet, just, before, recently, ever, never等,e.g. we have just won the match

14、. i have never been to australia before,一、现在完成时,29,sum up,2)用法,1.表示从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态，常与表示一段时间的时间状态连用，如so far, up till now, since, for a long time, in the past few years, those days等,e.g. so far, he has broken two world records. i have worked here for four years,一、现在完成时,30,sum up,2)用法,3.短暂性动词在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，常见的动词有die, arrive, leave,