期末写作复习指导.ppt

1、2011届高考写作讲座,Organize their work in clear paragraphs Connect sentences and paragraphs using linking expressions Avoid repetition Use a good variety of vocabularies and grammatical structures,Good Writers,情景作文 写作,图表作文结构,开头段： 开门见山：点明图表所反映的主题。调查活动及内容简介 主体段： 描写数据：分类描写或对比描写，注意层次 结尾段： 根据其中一个或两个数据谈论自己的看法 （议

2、论） 分析趋势、原因、影响或结果,语言,常用词汇： table, chart, pie/line/bar/graph, figure, describe, tell, show, represent 过渡句： Its clear from the chart that We can draw the conclusion that We can learn/know 连接词： 对比：while, but, however, on the contrary, in contrast to, compareto/with, asas, the same as, similar to, differ

3、ent from 归纳：In conclusionin shortgenerally speakingin generalgenerally on the whole,上升到： v. increase (to) / rise (to) /climb (to)/go up (to)/ boom (to) go up to/jump to/rocket to; n. an increase (in) /a rise (in) /an upward trend (in)/ a growth (in) 下降到： v. decline (to)/ decrease (to)/reduce (to)/ g

4、o down (to)/ fall (to)/ drop to n. a decline (in)/ a decrease (in)/a reduction (in)/ a fall (in) 稳定： v. remain stable (at)/ maintain the same level/ remain steady (at) /stay constant (at) n. no change (in) 波动： v. fluctuate (between) n. a fluctuation (in,Next in line is Followed by ,chosen by 30% .ra

5、nks first/second sth. account for Coming to the next Behindis a quarter of half of the majority of the students,数据描写,语言,3）表达技巧： 如何安排结构？ b. 如何选议论的数据？ 如何添加细节,策略1：大总分总，小总分总； 不同观点分开写，最好分段写,策略2：议论数据宜选最高点或最低点，能反映出典型问题的数据,描述：不能少一个数据 议论：不能多一个数据 添加细节：不宜过多,第一节 情景作文 最近，你参加了高三年级组织的“你最重视 哪科作业”的调查结果见下面的饼状图。请据此写 一

6、篇短文, 介绍调查结果，并根据其中两个数据 谈论自己的看法。 注意：1. 短文的开头已为你写好。 2. 词数不少于60,内容要点 1调查结果 2两个数据 3个人看法,第一节 情景作文,最佳点,语文-数学,语文-英语,问题成因-看法（必要性-呼吁,现状 问题 建议,2011海淀期末,Ranking first is math, chosen by 54% of the students. Next in line is English, which 18% of the students regard as top priority. Surprisingly, only 7% of the s

7、tudents surveyed show preference for Chinese homework and those who choose the rest of the subjects like physics, chemistry and biology add up to 21,策略3：语言简洁明了。数据不必面面俱到，但要概括出特征，为后文分析原因、揭示规律、发表看法做铺垫,2011海淀 期末,花时间干： Sb. spendson sth/doing Sth. takes up; Sb. putinto sth Sb. put indoing sth goes into St

8、h. occupies Sth. takes possession of Sb. distributesto Sb. sparesto do It takes. sb.to do,策略4：同一说法注意用不同方式表达,最重视： put in the first place rank as the most important think/ hold the view/idea that is the most important regard as the most significant attract the greatest attention of consider (to be) th

9、e most important/vital think the most important,语言技巧,Recently, a survey on homework preference has been conducted among senior three students. The results are as follows: more than half of the students, about 54%, usually put their math homework in the first place while only 7% would rank Chinese as

10、 the most important. Meanwhile, English is regarded as most significant by 18% of the participants, and the other subjects attract the attention of 21% of the students. （4个细节，每少一个扣2分,There is a profound difference between math and Chinese. Without doubt, some students hold the view that math is most

11、 interesting and challenging, and it seems easier for us to have a sense of achievement in it. However, each subject has its unique charm and they are of the same value. Therefore, I think we should take every subject seriously and improve our studies in a balanced way,The chart shows the percentage

12、 of the different means of transportation people used in Beijing in 2009. It is apparent that some people prefer to public transportation, while others take private ones as their first choice. As is described in the chart, 38.9% of the people were fond of public transportation, such as buses, or sub

13、way. Apart from buses and subways, there was another kind of public transportation,第二节 开放作文,审题：describe the picture - 描述图片（三分之一篇幅）; explain how you understand it - 对于图片的理解和自己的观点（三分之二篇幅,立意：Encouragement helps make more progress,As can be seen in the picture, a boy with two wings is flying high in the

14、 sky, his face shining with a confident smile, while below him there are many people holding up their thumbs or giving signs of victory. What the picture tries to tell us is the importance of encouragement. Since life is full of challenges and difficulties, people need to be encouraged when facing d

15、ifficulty,There is no denying that almost everyone is likely to do better if others see more of their advantages rather than their weak points. It is other peoples support that gives us the wings to fly. Encouragement from parents, teachers and friends can promote ones ability and enhance ones confi

16、dence,In my opinion, everyone should learn to help and encourage others on their way to success,1）分类： 个人简历/自荐信； 介绍他人（介绍同学，朋友，老师，父母，名人等） 2）审题： 文体：记叙文 时态：介绍经历：一般过去时，一般现在时； 人称：第一人称；第三人称 要点：分类整理信息 语言：精炼，感人，不拖泥带水 结构：开头段：主题句 主体段：发展句 结尾段：结论句,4、人物类,3）表达技巧,组织要点的关键？ b) 组织细节的关键,策略1：关注重点与难点。人物介绍重点在细节的添加；难点在材料的重

17、组。 自然信息（姓名，性别，年龄，年级） 社会信息（开朗，活泼，精力充沛,策略2：组织细节要突出个人/他人的优势（长处）。 I am quite independent and it is easy for me to adapt myself to a new environment. All this will enable me to continue my studies in your department without having much trouble with a language barrier,c) 策略3：同一说法注意用不同方式表达 兴趣： My hobby is

18、photography, writing and doing outdoor activities. Im into/Im fond of/I do well in/I fancy doing Im keen on/Im addicted to I have a great gift/love for I have a strong preference for I am gifted in My interest lies in With great interest in, I I have/show great interest in,开放作文 写作,一）看图说话类 1、现象型 2、抽象

19、型 3、主题型 （二）提纲类（计划、建议、可能性等） （三）续写类（以故事为主,分 类,得分点： 文章是否扣题 结构是否完整 内容是否充实、健康 思维是否活跃 逻辑是否清晰 语言是否规范 交际是否得体,扣分点：,文体不对 结构不全 立意跑偏 描议脱节,要求：思维逻辑性与严谨性,开放作文,一）看图说话类,1、审题 文体：议论文 结构：描图1/3文字，议图2/3文字 时态：一般现在时、一般讲来时等，忌用过去时 人称：描图：第三人称 议图：联系实际最好用第一人称,2、写作指导,1）关键词,要素-细节-联系,2）写作步骤？ 例：2010年 海淀期中 开放作文（15分） 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数

20、不少于50。 In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it,写作步骤,仔细找要素： 大狗、小狗、香肠、高桌子 认真审细节,大狗的背-父母或他人的关心、支持、帮助、爱、肩膀、力量等 高桌子-面临的困难、挑战、麻烦、压力等,2010年 海淀期中,分析要素与细节的联系，揭示要素寓意角度,香肠（sausage）: desires,ambitions,dre

21、ams,goals, achievements, concerns,success, hope 大狗（the big dog）: parents, adults, teachers, friends, those who help us to realize our dreams， people who have great power or abilities 小狗（the little dog）: children, kids, those who need help from others,从小狗角度： a、借他山之石 The picture reminds me of the impo

22、rtance of other peoples help. We should catch every opportunity to get help from others on the way of longing for success. b、学会感恩 To my understanding, the picture conveys the message of gratitude. From the picture, I gain the message that no matter how we have reached, never can we forget who bring

23、us up and who make the person we are today,多角度选择立意: 大狗、小狗、两者,从大狗的角度： 父母给我们力量 In my opinion, the picture intends to illustrate the idea that its our parents who pave the road for us to achieve a new height. 从两者的角度： 学会合作 What the picture wants to convey to us is that cooperation among people is vital

24、to success. From this picture, we can learn that cooperation is what helps us to get a win-win situation. Cooperation can bring benefits to everyone,多角度选择立意: 大狗、小狗、两者,描图（白描，要素间建立联系，为议图作好铺垫） 构思立意句： What the picture gets across/conveys to us is the message that 建立过渡句（揭示要素与立意间的联系） The sausage is to the

25、 little dog what dreams and goals are to us people. The mother dogs back represents parents love and support on the way we pursue our dreams. 选择论证方法： 自圆其说，自然扣图，逻辑清晰，交际得体 a.释义法 b.正反论证法 c.例证法 结尾升华立意：采用强调句、倒装句、呼吁等形式,3）表达技巧,描议一体,要素：2个杯子+杯中物+笑脸,2010年 海淀期末考试开放作文,As can be seen in the picture, the two cups

26、 are smiling, regardless of how much water they each have. One cup is almost full while the other is not. The picture indicates that people should always be optimistic, no matter what they have. Just as is shown, the two cups with different amount of water are both happy. I think that they are both pleased to serve people with all they have. They may