托福阅读人类学专业学科词汇梳理

1、托福阅读人类学专业学科词汇梳理 托福考察的题材广泛，考生如果能够掌握一定的专业学科词汇，对于提高阅读速度和读懂*都会大有裨益，下面就和大家分享托福阅读人类学专业学科词汇梳理,希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。托福阅读人类学专业学科词汇梳理1. paleoanthropologist 古人类学家2. ecological anthropologist 生态人类学家3. psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家4. origin 起源if its possible, track the rumour back to its origin. 如果可能，应追查谣言的源头。

2、5. originate 起源于many species, for example, originate in small populations. 例如, 不少生物种就起源于一个很小的群体.6. ancestor 祖先.this machine is the ancestor of the modern computer. 这台机器是现代电脑的始祖.7. hominid 人(科)8. homogeneous 同一种族(种类)的educators try to put pupils of similar abilities into classes because they believe t

3、hat this homogeneous grouping is advisable. 教育学家设法将学生按相近的能力分班,因为他们认为这种按同等水平划分班级的做法是明智的.9. tribe 部落his intercession could be of help to the tribe.他的调解可能会帮上该部落的忙。10. clan 氏族the chinese christians, therefore, practically excommunicate themselves from their own clan. 所以, 中国的简直是被逐出了自己的家族了.11. archeologis

4、t 考古学家the archeologist traced the hieroglyphs. 考古学家追踪象形文字.12. excavation 挖掘the excavation of the buried city took a long time. 发掘埋在地下的城市花了很长时间.13. excavate (unearth) 挖掘they plan to excavate a large hole before putting in the foundations. 他们计划打地基前先挖个大洞.14. ruins 遗迹，废墟the normans built the castle whic

5、h was reduced to ruins under cromwell. 诺曼人建造了这座后来在克伦威尔统治时期变成废墟的城堡。15. remains 遗迹，遗骸there had not a vestige of the abbey remains.修道院的遗迹已荡然无存.16. artifact 手工艺品17. relic 遗物，文物the relics are credited with miraculous powers. 机器发音这些遗骸被认为具有神奇的力量。18. antique 古物，古董19. antiquity 古代，古老it indicates the antiquit

6、y of the tradition.这表明该传统源远流长。20. stone age 石器时代21. bronze age (青)铜器时代22. iron age 铁器时代23. paleolithic 旧石器时代的24. mesolithic 中石器时代的25. neolithic 新石器时代的26. archaeology 考古学aerial photography has revolutionized the study of archaeology.航空摄影已经给考古学研究带来了一场革命。27. anthropology 人类学28. morphology 形态学no longer

7、can biologists be content simply to study morphology.生物学家不再满足于简单地研究形态学.29. skull 颅骨her skull was crammed with too many thoughts.她脑瓜子里想法太多。30. cranial 颅骨的five of the twelve cranial nerves become activated when you kisssomebody.当你吻某人时十二条脑神经中五条将变得活跃.托福阅读：句子简化练习题although we now tend to refer to the vari

8、ous crafts according to the materials used to construct themclay, glass, wood, fiber, and metalit was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the “applied arts.” approaching crafts from the point of view of function, we can divide them into simple categ

9、ories: containers, shelters, and supports. there is no way around the fact that containers, shelters, and supports must be functional. the applied arts are thus bound by the laws of physics, which pertain to both the materials used in their making and the substances and things to be contained, suppo

10、rted, and sheltered. these laws are universal in their application, regardless of cultural beliefs, geography, or climate. if a pot has no bottom or has large openings in its sides, it could hardly be considered a container in any traditional sense. since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary deci

11、sion, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits. buildings without roofs, for example, are unusual because they depart from the norm. however, not all functional objects are exactly alike;

12、 that is why we recognize a shang dynasty vase as being different from an inca vase. what varies is not the basic form but the incidental details that do not obstruct the objects primary function . . .the tested sentence is highlighted in the passage.which of the following best expresses the essenti

13、al information in the highlighted sentence? incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.a. functional applied-art objects cannot vary much from the basic patterns determined by the laws of physics.b. the function of applied-art objects is determin

14、ed by basic patterns in the laws of physics.c. since functional applied-art objects vary only within certain limits, arbitrary decisions cannot have determined their general form.d. the general form of applied-art objects is limited by some arbitrary decision that is not determined by the laws of ph

15、ysics.正确答案是a托福阅读长难句：对有声电影的批判though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the first world wa

16、r, to link images with recorded sound. (tpo12, 54)perspective /p?spekt?v/ n. 透视法，透视图;远景;观点，看法strain n. 品种，类型我是分界线，大家先自己一遍速读哦。(though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective),a strain of critical opinion inthe 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty (that would so

17、on fade from sight),(just as had many previous attempts, (dating well back before the first world war),to link images with recorded sound).(tpo12, 54)分析：这句话的主干就是a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that修饰一：(though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective)，从句中文：虽然从以后的观点来看很难想象修饰二：(that would soon fade from sight)，从句，修饰a technical novelty中文：不久就会从视线里消失修饰三：( just as had many previous attempts to link images with recorded sound)，从句，大家一定要注意这里的attempts to被插入语(dating well ba