04现在分词功能形式变化思维导图(改进版)(最新整理)

1、舟楫英语课堂精通句子结构非谓语动词（四）动词的ing 形式的句法功能1 作主语 as the subject sbdikting 形式 + 谓语动词seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。traveling abroad can be very exciting. 出国旅游是很激动人心的。learning new words is very important. 学习新的单词是非常重要的。its+ 形容词（附表 1） + ing 形式its nice talking to you. 和你谈话很高兴。its good hearing english spoken. 听到人家在讲英

2、语，我很高兴。its dangerous your drinking so much liquor. 你喝那么多酒，真危险。its + 名词（附表 2） + ing 形式its no use arguing about it. 争论那件事毫无用处。its been a lot of fun meeting you. 见到你真是太有趣了。its a waste of time your talking to him. 你跟他说话，真是浪费时间。2. 作 宾 语as the object bdikt有些动词（附表 3） 只能接 ing 形式作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语1. i enjoy worki

3、ng with you. 我喜欢和你共事。pardon my asking, but is that your husband? 请原谅我多问，那位是您的先生2. would you mind filling out this form? 请你填这张表格好吗？she admitted having driven the car without insurance. 她供认驾驶了这辆没有保险的轿车。3. he avoided giving us definite answer. 他避免给我们作明确的回答。he cant endure being defeated.他无法忍受失败。4. you m

4、ustnt delay sending the letter. 你不要耽误了送信。excuse my interrupting you. 对不起，打扰你一下。5. he left off playing the piano to answer the door.他停止弹钢琴，前去开门。do you fancy going out this evening? 今晚你想不想出去？6. lentils lentil do not require soaking before cooking.小扁豆在烹饪前不必浸泡。吗？he narrowly escaped being killed.他险些丧命。7.

5、 id advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in august.she narrowly missed hitting him.作短语动词的宾语包括含介词 to 的动词短语（附表 4）im thinking of visiting these cities. 我在想游览这些城市。 she was tired of drawing. 她厌倦画画。 hes fond of swimming in deep water. 他喜欢在深水游泳。 i object to being jumped upon for

6、 trivial matter like this. 我讨厌因这种小事而受人责备。 she isnt used to living in the countryside now 她不习惯在乡下生活。reporters should stick to investigating the facts. 记者应该坚持调查事实真相。 ive been looking forward to coming to beijing. 我一直盼望来北京作介词的宾语i like your method of doing the work. 我喜欢你做这工作的方法。after playing chess, we w

7、atched tv. 下完象棋之后，我们看电视。thanks for coming to see me. 谢谢你，来看我。instead of going home, he went to see a film. 他没有回家而是去看电影。3. 作 宾 补as theobject complement动词 ing 形式作宾补，表示动作正在进行。感觉到的动作不是全过程。we saw them . 我们看见他们穿过那条马路。i heard a woman . 我听见一个妇女在楼下叫喊。i felt something . 我感到有东西爬上我的双腿。she is listening to her si

8、ster . 她正在听她妹妹唱歌。4. 作 定 语 as the attributive tribjutiv作名词的前置定语（附表 5）there is a (swimming) pool in the building.ing 形式短语作后置定语do you know the man( standing at the entrance)? 你认识站在入口处的那个人吗？ there were a lot of people (boating on the lake.) 湖上有许多正在划船的人。5. 作 表 语as the predicativepredi.keitiv动词 ing 形式作表语表

9、示泛指意义的动作his hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好就是集邮。my hobby is growing flowers. 我的爱好是种花。my favourite sport is playing tennis. 我喜爱的运动是打网球。在句型主 + 系 + 表中，若主语和表语都是非谓语形式时，主语和表语要取得一致。如：主语 是 ing 形式表语也应是 ing 形式，主语是不定式时表语也应是不定式。seeing is believing. 眼见为实。to see is to believe.6. 作 状 语as the adverbialdv:bil作时间状语c

10、rossing the road, he was run over by a car.having done their homework, the students played football.作原因状语not knowing english, he couldnt understand the film.having lived in shanghai for years, he knows the place very well.作条件状语working hard, you will do well in the exam.turning to the left, you will

11、see the post office.作结果状语his parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan.the child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.作让步状语working or reading, she always did her best.not being a rich man himself, he helped the poor generously.作伴随状语the children went into the classroom, talkin

12、g and laughing.she sat there, staring at the ceiling （si:li天花板）.（附表 1）its+ 形容词 + ing 形式uselessnicegoodinterestingdangerous无用的令人愉快的好的令人感兴趣的危险的（附表 2）its + 名词 + ing 形式no useno good好处funa waste of time没有用没有好处乐趣时间上的浪费（附表 3）有些动词只能接 ing 形式作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语suggestfinishavoidcant helpmindadmitenjoyleave offrequi

13、repostponeput off建议完成避免忍不住介意承认喜欢停止需要推迟推迟delaypracticefancyexcusepardonadviseconsiderdenyendureescapemiss推迟练习想要宽恕原谅建议考虑否认忍受逃未击中（附表 4）作短语动词的宾语包括含介词 to 的动词短语devote toobject topay attention toget down tolead tolook forward tostick tobe used toget used to把献于反对注意着手，开始导致盼望坚持习惯于习惯于（附表 5）动词 ing 形式作名词的前置定语swi

14、mming poolteaching methodwashing machinewalking sticksleeping beautysleeping bagrunning water游泳池教学方法洗衣机手杖睡美人睡袋自来水running shoesjumping ropejumping boarddiving suitlaughing linecrying shamewaking device运动鞋跳绳起跳板潜水服笑纹奇耻大辱叫醒dying wordslivingroomdining roomhelping teacherkilling housesinging sanddancing h

15、all遗嘱客厅餐厅辅助老师屠宰场鸣沙舞厅舟楫英语课堂精通句子结构非谓语动词（五）动词ing 形ing 形式的逻辑主语通常与句子的主语是一致的。但是，如果出现 ing 形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，则要作主语your coming to help us was a great encouragement. 你们来帮助我们是一种极大的鼓舞。it is (of) no use your telling me not to worry. 你要我不要担心是没有用的。my son staying up so late worried me. 我儿子老是熬夜令我担心。作表语our only worry

16、 is your relying too much on yourself. 我们唯一担心的是你太倚重自己。式的复合结构在 ing 形式的前面加上一个物主代词，或名词所有格。在非正式语体中也可以用名词的通格或代词宾格代替。ing 形式的复合结构在句子中可以作主语、表语和宾语：作宾语do you mind my smoking here? 我在这儿抽烟你介意吗？i cant understand his thinking like that. 我不能理解他的这种想法。i dont mind him going. 他去我没有意见。she hates people losing their temp

17、ers. 她讨厌人发脾气。i hate people being unhappy. 我不喜欢有人闷闷不乐。动一般式arriving at the station, he found the train had left.到达车站时，他发现火车已经开了。（动作几乎同时）词ing 形式一般式表示的动作与the man (planting trees in front of the building) is our schoolmaster.在大楼前面种树的那个人是我们的校长。（正在发生）locking the door, she went out.(locking与 went out之间无时隔)i

18、ng谓语动词的动作同时发生或形是正在发生：式完成式having dressed myself, i went to the office.我穿好了衣服就到办公室去。（ing 形式的动作在先）的ing 形式完成式表示的动作在not having tried his best, he failed in the exam.由于没有尽力备考，他考试没能通过。（ing 形式的动作在先）时谓语动词的动作之前：having finished his pipe, he rose from the table.（having finished与 rose 有时隔，以免唐突无礼）态动被动态当逻辑主语是 ing

19、形式的承受者时，ing 形式应采用被动态。this question is far from being settled. 这个问题远没有解决。词i dont remember having been given a chance to have a try.我记不起曾经有人给过我一个机会让我尝试一下。ingdo you mind jams being left alone at home? 詹姆独自一个人在家你介意吗？形he has insisted on his being called dr. turner instead of mr. turner.他强调过被称为特纳博士，而不是特纳先生。式主动的形式被动意义want需要need需要require需要deserve应得的语表格中的动词后面接 ing 形式，用主动的形式表示被动的the boy richly deserved whipping(wip v. 抽打). 那个男孩着实得用鞭子抽一顿。the plants want watering daily. 这些花草需要天天浇水。态含义。this shirt needs washing这件衬衫该洗了。“”“”at the end, xiao bian gives you a passage.