复旦大学2007年优秀高中生文化水平选拔测试试卷答案及解答文库

1、1唐韩愈进学解：“业精于勤，荒于嬉；行成于思，毁于随。”这一句子中“于”的意思是C。A在B.从C.由于D.对于【解答】C 学业由于勤奋而精通，但它却荒废在嬉笑声中，事情由于反复思考而成功，但它却能毁灭于随随便便. 2当王充论衡量知篇：“人之学问，知能成就，犹骨象玉石，切磋琢磨。”其中“磋”字的准确含义是D。A搓弄B.商量讨论C.摘取D.把象牙加工成器物【解答】D :把象牙加工成器物: 切磋; 3左传宣公十五年：“我无尔诈，尔无我虞。”句中前一个“尔”的意思是C。A如此B.而已C.你D.那样【解答】C : 我不欺骗你，你不欺骗我 4“苦口老师归寂日，知恩弟子庆生辰。”（宋惠洪石门文字禅云庵生辰）

2、其中“苦口”一词的含义是D。A.佛口B.说话太多口变苦C.口气沉重D.不辞烦劳、反复恳切地说【解答】D 同 苦口婆心 5当代小说家毕淑敏在提醒幸福中写道：“幸福有时会同我们开一个玩笑，乔装打扮而来。机遇、友情、成功、团圆它们都酷似幸福，但它们并不等同于幸福。”与这里的“乔装打扮”一语的意思最远的一顶是C。A.涂脂沫粉B.改头换面C.庐山面目D.面目全非【解答】C 直接根据词义判断 6韩小蕙在悠悠心会中写道：“有的夫妻一个屋檐下厮守一辈子，有的同事一个办公室对坐几十年，就是没话，心灵始终隔膜着一片寸草不生的荒漠。”与这里的“寸草不生”一语的意思最近的一项是A。A. 赤地千里B.天府之国C.鱼米之

3、乡D.山穷水尽【解答】A :赤：空, 赤地千里形容天灾或战争造成大量土地荒凉的景象 7.2004年的印度洋地震海啸令当地人民不及防，造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失，但海啸无情人有情，通过中国国际救援队队员等多方救助后情况就得到了改善。句中方框应填入的字是C。A.防B.措C.猝D.促【解答】C 猝：突然，出其不意。事情来得突然，来不及防备 8清刘熙载艺论：“是其苦心孤诣，且不欲徇非常人意，况肯徇非常人之意乎？”句中“苦心孤诣”一语的结构属于C。A.并列式B.偏正式C.补充式D.主谓式【解答】C“苦心孤诣”指苦心钻研，到了别人所达不到的地步，也指为寻求解决问题的办法而煞费苦心。 9蒋子龙在乔厂长上

4、任记中写道：“但是，他相信生活不是命运，也不是赶机会，而是需要智慧和斗争的无情逻辑！因此他要采取大会战孤注一掷。”这里的“孤注一掷”在句中作D。A.补语B.状语C.宾语D.谓语【解答】D 10纯洁的爱情体现着优美的C。A.对立统一性B.对立冲突性C.和谐同构性D.矛盾差异性【解答】C 排除法：纯洁的爱情不对立，不矛盾，不冲突 11耳聋之人不能欣赏马思聪的思乡曲是因为他气管C。A.后天的学习B.后天的实践C.先天的能力D.先天的灵性【解答】C根据题意直接判断 12“枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。”（元马致远天净沙秋思）其中的“古道西风瘦马”这一比喻表现的是C。

5、A.客观的景物描写 B.客观的必理投射C.客观景物与主观情意的交融 D.纯粹的主观情意【解答】C 根据题意直接判断 13泰戈尔说，翅膀坠上黄金的鸟儿将无法飞翔。刘翔110米栏完美爆发平世纪夺冠，宣告了“刘翔时代”的到来。但没有对手的日子是孤寂的，有名利的纠绕更加危险。未来，他还能为世人带来多少惊喜，没人能预知，在这个巨星升起和陨落同样倏忽的年代，这的确是留给世人的一声重重的叩问。这“重重的叩问”是指D。在巨星升起和陨落同样倏忽的年代刘翔是否趎的没有对手。B.鲜花和名望是否会让刘翔成为一颗转瞬即逝的流星。C.刘翔走上了偶像的神坛之后，能否经受得住世俗眼光的评判。D.刘翔面对巨大的名利诱惑，能否继

6、续奋斗、再创辉煌。【解答】D 根据题意直接判断 14“夸父与日逐走，人日。渴欲得饮，饮于河、渭；河渭不足，北饮大泽。未至，道渴而死。弃其杖，化为邓林。”这个神话故事出自A。A.山海经海外北经B.水经注C.天工开物D.梦溪笔谈【解答】A 出自海外北经，后有成语“夸父追日”。 15“美丽地描绘一副面孔”和“一副美丽的面孔”分别指的是A。A.艺术的美、自然的美B.自然的美、艺术的美C.现实的美、艺术的美D.艺术的美、社会的美【解答】A 注意“描绘”一词，表现的是艺术手法 16.风来似一片绿色的海，夜静如一堵坚固的墙“（张抗抗地下森林断想）。这里运用联想的方式属于C。A.对比联想B.接近联想C.相似联

7、想D.因果联想【解答】C 相似联想：是由某一事物或现象想到与它相似的其他事物或现象。接近联想：是根据事物之间在空间或时间上的彼此接近进行联想。 17幻想中的情感体验是B。A.真实性B.虚假的C.功利性的D.超脱的【解答】B 幻想的一大特点是不真实性 18下列名句中的空缺，正确的是B。，飞鸟相与还。（陶渊明饮酒）A.海客谈瀛洲B.山气日夕佳C.结庐在人境D.古道接悠远【解答】B 陶渊明饮 酒原文结庐在人境，而无车马喧。问君何能尔？心远地自偏。采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。山气日夕佳，飞鸟相与还。此中有真意，欲辨已忘言。 19以下不具有崇高感的诗句是A。A.人闲桂花落B.飞泉挂碧峰C.海上生明月D.飞流

8、直下三千尺【解答】A 出自鸟鸣涧 （唐）王维人闲桂花落， 夜静春山空。月出惊山鸟，时鸣春涧中。闲：悠闲，寂静。这里含有人声静寂的意思。在寂静没有人声的 环境里，桂花自开自落，好像可以感觉到桂花落地的声息。 20秦观踏莎行郴州旅舍有“驿寄梅花，鱼传尺素”的句子，其中的“鱼”是指A。A.鲤鱼B.木鱼C.信函D.信笺【解答】A是情人之间互传情书的办法，那个鱼就是水里面的那种鱼，是把尺素塞到鱼腹中让在远方的情人收到情书（古代的人想象力真丰富） 21在中国近代教育史上，主张“以美育代宗教”的人物是D。A.孙中山B.王国维C.梁启超D.蔡元培【解答】D1917年,蔡元培在新青年杂志上发表以美育代宗教说一文

9、,进一步阐述了他的美育思想。 22熟悉大海的人见到大海的画面，口中有了海水的咸味，这种现象属于C。A.想象B.联想C.通感D.理解【解答】C通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移。 23对“六书”解释正确的一项是D。A.甲骨文、金文、篆文、隶书、楷书、行书B.风、雅、颂、赋、比、兴C.诗、书、礼、易、乐、春秋D.象形、指事、会意、形声、移注、假借【解答】D “六书”是古人解说汉字的结构和使用方法而归纳出来的六种条例。“六书”之名，最早见于周礼地官保氏。后世学者定名为象形、指事、会意、形声、转注、假借。东汉学者许慎给“六书”下定义是：象形者，画成其事，随体诘诎，日月是也；指事者，视

10、而可识，察而见意，上下是也；会意者，比类合谊，以见指撝，武信是也；形声者，以事为名，取譬相成，江河是也；转注者，建类一首，同意相受，考老是也；假借者，本无其字，依声讬事，令长是也。 24牛顿的联想随之褪色，难怪有人感到失望而责怪牛顿。句中的“霓裳羽衣”见诸B。A.唐李白将进酒 B.唐白居易长恨歌C.唐杜牧过华清宫绝句D.唐李商隐锦瑟【解答】B霓裳羽衣以云霓为裳，以羽毛作衣。形容女子的装束美丽。出自唐白居易琵琶行(并序)：“轻拢慢捻抹复挑，初为霓裳后六幺。” 25颜之推涉务云：“古人欲知稼穑之艰难，斯盖贵谷务本之道也。夫食为民天，民非食不生矣，三日不粒，父子不能相存。”下列句中“为”的含义与“食

11、为民天”中的“为”含义相同的一项是B。A.皆信僮仆为之B.“子为谁？”曰“为仲由。”C.秦为知之，必不救也D.今故告之，反怒为？【解答】B “食为民天”指粮食是人民赖以生存的最为重要的东西。 26东施效颦所模仿的对象是C，典出。A.褒姒 荀子B.毛嫱 管子C.西施 庄子D貂婵 三国演义【解答】C 出自庄周庄子天运，西施有心痛的毛病。犯病时手扶住胸口，皱着眉头，比平时更美丽。 同村女孩东施学着西施的样子扶住胸口，皱着眉头，因其本来就长得丑，再加上刻意地模仿西施的动作，装腔作势的怪样子，让人更加厌恶。 27我们从有限的对象中获得无限的韵味需要对象本身具有C。A.想象性特征B.抽象性特征C.具象性特

12、征D.自觉性特征【解答】C从具象性与抽象性的矛盾看, 在审美活动中，我们所感性对象都是具体的，它直接满足了人们通过感官对感性对象的心理要求。因此，审美对象本身必须是具体的，用鲁迅的话说要具有“具象性”的特点。但同时，我们从有限的对象本身，要能获得无限的韵味， 要求对象本身又应具有抽象性的特征，使对象通过象征，而表现出更深沉、更丰富的意蕴。 28文艺复兴以后，西方悲剧的主要对象是B。A.神B.人自身的性格C.社会D.人的灵魂【解答】B如果说古希腊罗马时期的悲剧理论是以“神”为中心，那么文艺复兴时期的悲剧理论的特征就应是以 “人”为中心。文艺复兴以后，西方悲剧的主要对象是 人自身的性格。意大利文艺

13、复兴时期最有影响的文学批评家卡斯特尔维屈罗针对亚里士多德的“情节中心说”，提出了“性格中心说”, 他把通过行为表现性格看成是悲剧成功与否的关键。 29元赵禹圭折桂令过金山寺：“长江浩浩西来，水面云山，山上楼台。山水查上连，楼台相对，天与安排。诗句成云烟动色，酒杯倾天地忘怀。醉眼睁开，遥望蓬莱，一半儿云遮，一半儿烟霾。”对这首元曲解说不恰当的一项是A。A.作者用“浩浩西来”的长江的动景来衬托巍峨的金山寺，显得绮丽动人。B.这首元曲的开头没有直接写金山寺，而是描写金山寺气势不凡的背景。C.“诗句成云烟动色，酒杯倾天地忘怀”是用狂态来表现自己沉醉在如此胜景中的豪情。D.“山水相连，楼台相对”说的是金

14、山寺倒映江中，山与水连在一起，楼中上下【解答】A这首曲当是赵禹圭任镇江府判时作的。前面写长江浩渺，楼台倒映，辽阔明丽，激起了诗人的诗情酒兴，忘怀一切。可是当他睁开醉眼时，却已烟云渺茫，好景不常了。这就在自然景色的描绘之中隐隐透露了诗人对现实的迷惘心情。 30“上海的石库门住宅是特定历史的产物，是弄堂里的上海风情！我虽然没在那里住过，但我懂得那一种感觉。那里所有的温煦、质朴和对待生活的韧性是我所熟识的，也是我所向往的。这恐怕是我生长的家庭和我成长的城市所给予我的唯一不变的东西。有一天，上海的石库门会像曾经居于其间的人一样悄然地逝云，但是他们留给这尘世的那种精神却永远不变。”这段文字的结尾流露出作

15、者怎样的感情？下列说法中不正确的一项是D。A.生活在现代都市，同时保有着对以往石库门生活的同情B.对上海石库门的古旧所传递的一份永远不变的精神眷恋C.上海石库门所代表的一种石库门文化让作者着迷与留恋相互映照，山在水中，水在山上，一派奇妙景象。D.对于上海石库门住宅中的具体的旧事和故人的怀念【解答】D 注意 “我虽然没在那里住过, 但我懂得那一种感觉”，说明并不是对上海石库门住宅中的具体的旧事和故人的怀念 31They are fed up A the old routine.A. with B. of C. at D. on32.He is such a(n) A teacher that h

16、as devoted all his and energy to his students. A. conscientious B. conscious C. academic D. scientific33.We are looking for someone with a real sense of B to the job. A. committee B. commitment C. community D. commission34.There are fewer working hours in the executive jobs, B the job stress is comp

17、aratively higher. A. that B. where C. which D. what35.Since you are C to the seafood, youd better avoid eating it. A. sensible B. sentimental C. sensitive D. sensory36.During the celebration, fireworks have been D at the bay. A. set out B. set about C. set up D. set off37.They declared the war, for

18、they believed that country had D the weapons of mass destruction. A. liberated B. countered C. approved D. proliferated38.The journalist reported the C of children labors who had worked many days on end. A. expansion B. expedition C. exploitation D. exploration What is the thing called happiness? Fo

19、r centuries, people were too busy pursuing it 39 much time analyzing it. Now a pioneering band of researchers has finally bagged the elusive quarry or at least taken its measure. Using such sophisticated new tools 40 the five-item Life Satisfaction Scale and the seven-point Delighted-terrible Scale

20、(On a scale of one to seven, how do you feel about your life?),social psychologists have plumbed the heart of happiness. And their answer to the age-old 41 is that it all depends.Happiness, that is, 42 what makes. you feel happy, which is why psyc1hologists often call it“subjective well-being.” But

21、from studies of various age and population groups in the United States and abroad, they have reached some 44 at the top of the charts is not, as many might expect, success, youth, good looks or any of those 45 assets. The clear winner is relationship, close ones, followed by happy marriage. Supporti

22、ve, intimate connections with other people seem 46 important. Using simple survey questions, psychologist David Myers found that the 47 happy people are those in unhappy marriages. Happiest are those who married 48 their “best friend.”39.A.to spend B.spending C.has spent D.have spent40.Alike B.alike

23、 C.as D.for instance41.A.psychology B.mystery C.solution D.trick42.A.results in B.leans against C.dependes on D.arrives at43.A.realistic B.idealistic C.objective D.individualistic44.A.endlessly B.contradictorily C.harmoniously D.consistrntly45.Aenviable B.reliabele C.inevitable D.endurable46.A.vastl

24、y B.tremendously C.swiftly D.basically47.A.most B.best C.least D.worst48.A.to B.with C.for D.offCCACC DABCASarah Alexander celebrated the start of her last year at Wells College the way many other seniors before her have. She ran across the picturesque to the shores of Cayuga Lake, where she jumped

25、into the water.So did many of her fellow seniors. But dozens of students decided to stay away, especially the relatively few newly arrived male students.Wells College, which since 1868 had educated only women, began accepting men this year in hopes of bolstering its dwindling enrollment. For many st

26、udents and alumnae, it was a crushing decision. After the college announced last October that it would go coeducational, about half of the students protested and two filed a lawsuit, which they later dropped.The students33 men and 383 women campus late month Both sexes are now trying to navigate new

27、 social landscape. Mr. Phillips said“You cant do guy stuff. Every time you want to sit and watch sports or a game, it turns into a movie.” The women were “some what nasty.” I could see the dirty looks in their eyes,” he said.“But I was not going to let that stop me from coming.”Wells was a place whe

28、re women did not have to fuss over their appearance or fight to be taken seriously by their professors. They could enjoy the camaraderie of their campus sisters and their playful traditions. Besides jumping into the lake, the women dance around the maypole each May and kiss the feet of the statue of

29、 Minerva, the Roman goddess of wisdom, before exams.Ms. Alexander said,“People told us we wouldnt notice a difference, but from the moment men arrived on campus not could notice a difference. Waking up early to put on makeup, and thats odd,” she said.Henry Wells, a founder of Wells Fargo and a frien

30、d of Cornells benefactor, Ezra Cornell established this college, when women were not considered capable of higher learning. “Give her the opportunity,” he wrote.Henry Wells, a founder of Wells Fargo and a friend of Cornells benefactor, Ezra Cornell established this college, when were not considered

31、capable of higher learning. “Give her the opportunity,” he wrote.The great-great-great-great granddaughter of Henry Wells, Stephanie Redmond, 18,of Washington State, said that earlier this year a Wells student had tracked her down and asked her to support the protest. But Ms. Redmond said the move t

32、he move to admit men had encouraged her to enroll at Wells this year as a freshman. She plans on a career in engineering, a male-dominated field, and said attending an all-womens college might have put her at a disadvantage.49.The primary reason for the Wells College to accept men is that A . A. its

33、 enrollment rate is decline B. the campus is lack of vigor and vitality C. it will face the destiny of being closed down D. all-womens college might put a woman at a disadvantage50.A typical behavior for seniors to do that C . A. they jog along the picturesque campus B. they switch sports programs t

34、o a movie C. they celebrate their year by jumping into a lake D. they swim in Cayuga Lake accompanied by friends51.The change after turning into a coed college is that B . A. dirty looks in womens eyes have disappeared B. women get up early to make up C. women are waking up early to study D. women d

35、ance with men around the maypole52.The attitude of the author is that D . A. she hares a tradition of all-women schools B. she calls on women in support the protest C. she dislikes the change and hopes to file a lawsuit D. she objectively describes the new and uneasy coeducation53.Which of the follo

36、wing statements is Not true? B A. The enrollment of male students caused controversy, B. The grandchildren of the college founder benefited most. C. The current president of the college was also its graduate. D. The founder hoped to give women opportunities of higher education. But what is teacher q

37、uality? How can one measure it reliably?An analysis is issued a sample of data a Texas school district. Experts argue convincingly that teacher effectiveness should be measured by students gains on standardized tests: Mr. Smith is presumably a better teacher than Ms. Brown if his students consistent

38、ly improve their test scores more than hers do.Though this approach is appealing, there are tricky issues. For example, what if Ms. Brown teaches in a school where students score so high there is little room for improvement?The authors try to correct for this problem, as well as other sorts of measu

39、rement issues, to generate a measurement of teacher effectiveness. The paper is primarily concerned with how this measure is related to other observable teacher characteristics.The first finding is that is a large variation in teacher effectiveness: some teachers consistently have a larger impact on

40、 their students achievement than others.Second, easily observable characteristics like having a masters degree or a passing score on the teacher certification exam are not correlated with teacher effectiveness.Then what does matter? The most important single influence is experience: first-year teach

41、ers are much less effective than others. The second year is significantly better, and by the fourth year, most teachers hit their stride.It is not entirely clear whether this experience effect is learning by doing (the more you teach, the more effective you become) or survival of the fittest (those

42、who are not good at teaching tend to drop out early).From my reading of the paper, both effects appear important and there is no simple answer. The data do suggest, however, that teacher effectiveness is pretty clear by the end of the second year, so the information to make an informed decision is a

43、vailable at that time.The authors also investigate the contentious issue of racial matching of students and teachers. Here they find strong evidence that minority teachers tend to be more effective with minority students. Again, it is unclear whether this is because of a role model effect (students

44、respond better of their own race )or an empathy effect (teachers empathize better with students of their own race )or something else entirely.The authors also look at teacher mobility. There is some evidence that teachers who quit teaching or switch schools tend to be below average in effectiveness.

45、 This is consistent with the survival-of-the-fittest model.54.The schoolmaster could decide wisely whether to further employ the teacher by the end of the B . A. the first year B. the second year C. the third year D. the fourth year55.The phrase“hit their stride” most probably means“ C ”. A. reach t

46、heir normal level B. become confident C. walk with long steps D. get bored56.The author of this passage the view that A . A. teachers will perform better with time passing B. ineffective teachers should leave earlier rather than later C. teachers effectiveness is apparent after a couple of years D.

47、a masters degree will improve teachers effectiveness57.Why do black teachers tend to be more effective with black students? D A. Students feel secure, so they respond better. B. Teachers sympathize with students of their own race. C. There are entirely some other identified reasons. D. The reasons a

48、re far from clear and definite.58.Which of the following may serve as the best title? DA. Tenure, Turnover and the Quality of TeachingB. Impact of Teacher Quality on Student LearningC. Different Sorts of Measurement IssuesD. Survival-of-the-fittest Model vs. Learning-by-doing Model 59三边均为整数，且最大边长为11的三角形，共有D个。A.20B.26C.30D.3660若a1,b1且lg(a+b)=lga+lgb，则lg(a-1)+lg(b-1)= D 。A.lg2 B.1 C.不是与a、b无关的常数D.061已知zC，若z24i，则 的值是DA34i B. C. D.62已知函数f(x)=co