山西省平遥中学2018届高三英语3月适应性调研考试试题含解析

1、山西省平遥中学2018届高三3月高考适应性调研考试英语试题本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.每选出小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、

2、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.15 C. 9.18答案是B。1.Whatwillthewomanreadontheplane?A.Abook. B. Amagazine. C. Anewspaper.2.Whendoestheplaybegin?A.At7:00. B.At7:30. C.At7:45.3.Whatsportdidthewomando?A.Sheplayedtennis. B.She playedf

3、ootball. C.Shewentrunning.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhiscat?A.Tooold. B.Quitelovely C.Veryactive.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashop. B.Athome C.Inaschool.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独

4、白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhydidAnnamoveout?A.ShemissedherparentsB. ShedidntwanttolivewithothersC.Shewantedtohaveagarden7.WheredoesAnnalivenow?A.Bythepark. B.Neartheschool. C.Bytheriver.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewbookstore. B. Abigsale. C.Abooksigning event.9.WhenwillPeterRobb

5、insarriveatthestore?A.At1:45 B.At2:15 C.At 3:30听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanwanttodofirst?A.Doscienceexperiments. B.BuyChristmasgifts. C.Takeaferry.11.Whatplacedoesthemanshowlittleinterestin?A.TheScienceMuseum. B.OceanPark. C.TempleStreetNightMarket.12.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomanintheend?A.Whethe

6、rhecantaketheStarFerry.B.Howshegetstoschooleveryday.C.Wherethemostfamousmarketlies.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whereshouldthemangofirst?A.Toameetingroom. B. Toahall. C.Toaclassroom.14.WhatwilltheDirectoroftheStudiestalkabout?A.Differentcourses. B.Studentdormitories. C.Socialactivities.15.Howlongwillthemanst

7、ayinthehall?A.45minutes. B.75minutes. C.90minutes.16.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthetestatfirst?A.Nervous. B.Annoyed. C.Confident.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhoorganizestheWinterFestival?A.Thegovernment. B.Volunteers. C.Businessmen.18.Whatisspecialabouttheartexhibition?A.Itwillbeheldinatownschool.B.Therewillbet

8、hreeopeningnights.C.Thepicturesarefromlocalstudents.19.WhatwillbeheldintheMainExhibitionHall?A.Anartexhibition. B.Amusictalentshow. C.Afancy-dressparty.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Toraisemoneyforthefestival.B.Tocomparetheeventsofthefestival.C. Toinformpeopleofthefestival.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节（共

9、15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ABestScienceBooks of 2017At its heart, science is about curiosity. So it stands to reason these books about science should make you examine your world more closely, and in doing so, give you a sense of wonder.BigChicken,byMarynMcKennaInv

10、estigativejournalistMarynMcKennausesthemodernindustrial chicken as a window into how antibiotics(抗生素)transformedmodern agriculturefor good and ill. She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health,causingseriousproblemsfromantibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs. Recognizing that Ameri

11、cans are going to continue to eat chicken no matter what, McKenna suggests a way in which factory farming rids itself of its dependence on antibiotics.WhyTimeFlies,byAlanBurdickNewYorkerstaffwriterAlanBurdickexaminesthegreatestgifthumanityhaseverknown:time.Time, he writes, appearstoexistintwodistinc

12、tforms.Oneisthestandardized, objective kind found in clocks and watches; the otherisourinternal,biologicalsenseoftime, theonewemeasureinourcells,bodiesandminds. But the closer he looks, thelessclearerthisdistinctionappears.Paleoart,byZoeLescazeDinosaurshavelongcapturedtheimaginationsofscientistsanda

13、rtistsalike,andPaleoartbrings those visions together in a blend of human knowledge and creativity.These images not only show our changing understanding of dinosaurs, but also reflect the distinct artistic sensibilities of their time. Both artistic and educational, these pictures are certainly influe

14、ntial.What Its Like to Be a Dog, by Gregory BernsBerns, a neuroscientists, trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time. That pioneering work inspired him to dig deeper into the minds of other animals, from sea lions to the extinct thylacine(

15、袋狼). Berns says, “With their ability to think, choose and feel, dogs and other animals do not deserve the cruel treatment humans so often do to them.”1. Whichbookhassomethingtodowithpublichealth?A. BigChicken. B. WhyTimeFlies.C. Paleoart. D. WhatItsLiketoBeaDog.2. Whowritesabouttime?A. MarynMckenna.

16、 B. AlanBurdick.C. ZoeLescaze. D. GregoryBerns.3. WhatwasBernspioneeringwork?A. Trainingdogs. B. Studyingextinctanimals.C. Observingdogbrains. D. Fightingforanimalrights.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2017年四本最好的科学书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health,c

17、ausingseriousproblemsfromantibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs.可知，BigChicken写的这本书与公众健康有关系。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段书名WhyTimeFlies以及下面关于此书的内容介绍可知，作者AlanBurdick写了关于时间方面的科学书籍。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句Berns, a neuroscientists, trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of

18、 conscious dogs for the first time.可知，Berns的创举是观察狗的大脑。故选C。BI was in the middle of a sweet dream when a noise startled me. Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on a tough nail. Bam! Bam! BAM! Who could be hammering at three in the morning? It must be Charlie again, making another invention.Jus

19、t as I was putting on my slippers and clothes, the noise changed. I sat at the edge of my bed and listened. Tick! Tick! Tick! It reminded me of my first wristwatch. Its regular pace had always helped me fall asleep.I started dozing off, dangerously leaning to the left, when the ticking stopped. it w

20、as now replaced by a buzz, similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer, only louder. I shivered. “Im allergic to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me swell.“Thats it!” I should, now wide awake. “I cant take it anymore!” I marched to the next apartment an

21、d knocked. My neighbor immediately opened the door. His curly brown hair was sticking up every which way. He wore baggy striped pants and a loose raspberry shirt.“Hi, there, Lucy! Whats up?” he asked.I pointed at my noiseless watch. “Do you know hat time it is?”He grabbed my arm and glanced at my ti

22、mepiece. “Oh, my! I didnt realize it was that late. Im busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠). Its almost finished. You want to see it?”I should have known. His last invention was supposed to annihilate bad smells, but it was powered by rotten eggs.4. What made the author sleepy again?

23、A. His neighbors silence B. The ticking soundC. The coming of the bees D. The smell of the rotten eggs5. What was Charlie doing?A. He was fixing a broken clock B. He was inventing a wristwatchC. He was working with the bees D. He was making a new machine6. How did Charlie feel when he saw the author

24、?A. Disappointed B. ScaredC. Surprised D. Annoyed7. What does the underlined word “ annihilate” in the last paragraph mean?A. Get rid of B. Make use ofC. Give off D. Tell apart【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居经常在夜里发明新东西，自己经常被这个反常的邻居不断吵醒的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Tick! Tick! Tick! It remin

25、ded me of my first wristwatch. Its regular pace had always helped me fall asleep.可知，腕表有节奏的滴答声让作者再次睡着。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Im busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠).可知，作者的邻居正在发明一个能够治愈失眠的新机器。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Hi, there, Lucy! Whats up?” he asked.可以推断作者的邻居对作者敲门找他感到很惊讶。故选C。【7题详解】

26、词义猜测题。根据此句后面的but it was powered by rotten eggs.可以推测出annihilate为“去除”之意。故选A。CAfter shopping for deals in stores on “Black Friday”, or online on “Cyber Monday”, Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular “Giving Tuesday”. Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated ann

27、ually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and United Nations Foundation.As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organ

28、izing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness. In 2015, 700, 000 people from 71 countries came together to donate $116.7 million in cash. An additional $1.08 million was spent on gifts.While the easiest way to participate is by donating to your favorite charity, this day can

29、 be celebrated in many other ways too. You can give back by volunteering at your local shelter or food bank, or even by donating blood. If all else fails, a purchase from the growing number of organizations that give a portion of their sales to charity will do the trick.But perhaps the best way to c

30、elebrate the day is by helping those nearest and dearest to you. Assist a family member with a simple chore like folding laundry, cooking dinner, or even reading to a younger sibling. No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday

31、 as well!8. Which of the following has the shortest history?A. Cyber Monday B. Giving TuesdayC. Black Friday D. Thanksgiving Day9. Whats the main purpose of “Giving Tuesday”?A. To persuade more people to shop onlineB. To make Thanksgiving Day enjoyableC. To encourage more people to do charitiesD. To

32、 get voluntary work better known10. Why does the author advise sharing good deeds on social media?A. To donate money to local schoolsB. To keep a record of ones experienceC. To help people make new friendsD. To make Giving Tuesday more popular11. Which section of a website does the next probably com

33、e from?A. Business B. LifestyleC. Education D. Culture【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。Giving Tuesday是一个全民性的活动，在假期里做慈善捐助，类似于“黑色星期五”和“网络星期一”那样的节日购物的形式。 Giving Tuesday的目的是鼓励各地的人，为了一个简单的目的而汇聚起来：帮助他人。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesda

34、y after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and United Nations Foundation.可知Giving Tuesday这个节日的时间最短。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段首句As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for loc

35、al nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness.可知，Giving Tuesday主要目的是鼓励人们做慈善。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well!可知作者建议将自己的善行分享到社交

36、媒体上，让更多的人参与到此活动中，使之更流行。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据全文大意可知，文章主要介绍了一个全民性慈善活动的节日Giving Tuesday，故可以推测该文章选自于网站上的文化部分的内容。故选D。【名师点睛】本阅读短文属于夸文化交际活动，除了语言因素外，它还受到中西方文化差异的影响，像此阅读短文同学需要了解在西方做慈善是一件很普遍的事情。同学在英语学习过程中，既要扎实书本知识，也要广泛阅读，不断提高自己的知识广度，有意识地多了解文化背景知识，多关注社会热点，这样才能做到游刃有余。DNo spacecraft will ever land on the sun. the

37、sun is a flaming ball of gas that reaches thousands of degrees Fahrenheit. But next year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to it than any man made craft has flown before. The mission(任务)is a big development for scientists and, maybe, for everyone else.In September 2018, NASA plans to launch the Par

38、ker Solar Probe. After a journey of nearly 90 million miles, it will fly within 3.8 million miles of the sun. within two months of launching, the probe is expected to reach the suns corona(日冕). Thats the suns outer atmosphere of gases.Getting there wont be easy. Designing a spacecraft tough enough t

39、o hold up to the suns heat has proved difficult. But that hasnt stopped engineers from trying. Temperatures in the corona can reach millions of degrees. The probe will limit itself to regions where things get no hotter than 2,500oF. Thats still a heavy heat load for a spacecraft. But a 4.5-inch-thic

40、k heat shield(罩)will protect the probes camera and scientific instruments.NASA says the data the probe collects could provide knowledge into the physics of stars. Our sun is special to us. But as a star, its rather common. So the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars

41、of its mass and color.Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms. During solar storms, charged particles stream through the solar system. They can disable communications satellites and shut down powder systems. One study has found that a very intense solar storm coul

42、d cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the US alone. It could also black out the East Coast for a year.Understanding solar storms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves. That could make even a mission with a billion-plus price tag one of NASAs great bargains.12. What can we learn about

43、 the probe?A. Itll fly closer to the sun that the previous onesB. Its the first man made instrument to fly to the sunC. Itll get to the core of the sun in nearly two monthsD. Itll fly about 3.8 million miles to reach the corona.13. What is the challenge for the engineers?A. Directing the probe to co

44、llect dataB. Reducing the temperature of the probeC. Building a shield against the heatD. Limiting the probe to proper regions14. What might be the best title?A. Exploring the stars B. Getting close to the sunC. Designing a spaceship D. Protecting the earth15. Where does the value of the mission lie

45、?A. Monitoring satellites B. Exploring solar energyC. Developing scientific instruments D. Forecasting solar storms【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】本文是一篇科普类文章。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局计划发射一个更能接近太阳的人造飞行器。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段But next year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to it than any man made craft has flown

46、 before.可知，此飞行器比目前任何人造飞行器更能飞行接近太阳。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Designing a spacecraft tough enough to hold up to the suns heat has proved difficult.可知，如何建造一个隔热板对工程师来说是一件具有挑战性的事情。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局计划发射一个更能接近太阳的人造飞行器，可以归纳出文章的题目Getting close to the sun最佳。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Perhaps th

47、e most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms.可知，此任务的价值在于能够预测太阳风暴。故选D。第二节（共5小题；;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。A daily multivitamin may give your well-being an extra benefit, but if youve ever swallowed one and felt sick right after, you know its hardly a pl

48、easant experience. _16_ Youre taking vitamins on an empty stomach.Vitamins that are more acid in nature, like vitamin C, may cause nausea（恶心）if theyre consumed on an empty stomach. Vitamins A, D, E and K, unlike some others, may be better absorbed when not taken with food. _17_Vitamins are like medi

49、cines in that they can act on each other and other medicines youre taking. _18_ Some research suggests that multivitamins could cause side effects when taken at the same time estrogen（雌激素）levels are raised. Theres a lot of iron in your pill.Multivitamins that contain a lot of iron or iron supplement

50、s themselves can cause nausea. This is especially true if youre taking them outside of a meal. Iron is interesting in that its best absorbed on an empty stomach, but its hardest to take on an empty stomach because of the nausea. _19_ It might decrease the absorption a little bit but its better than

51、nothing. Allergic Reaction Side EffectsSince multivitamins contain so many vitamins and minerals, allergic reactions are certainly possible. Mild allergic reactions can include itchiness（痒）and a few hives（荨麻疹）. _20_ Should you experience more advanced signs of an allergic reaction, such as trouble b

52、reathing, chest pain, widespread hives or a swollen facial region, visit the closest emergency room immediately.The label on your vitamins should provide directions for taking them check the information before taking it to see what else you should know.A. Youre taking vitamins with other medicines.B

53、. Below are a few reasons why they may be making you ill.C. Its important to discuss with an expert the timing of these vitamins.D. These stomach issues can be extremely disturbing.E. Its better to take it with food than trying to take it on an empty stomach.F. If you experience these side effects,

54、stop use and contact your doctor.G. Please review the combinations to make sure there are no harmful interactions.【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F【解析】本文是一篇关于健康方面的科普文章。文章主要讲述了每天服用复合维生素会给你的健康带来额外的好处，但怎样正确服用呢？文章分析了服用复合维生素过程中让你不舒服的几个原因。【16题详解】根据下面的四个小标题可知。这里文章主要分析了服用复合维生素过程中让你不舒服的几个原因。故选B。【17题详解】根据下面第一句Vitamins are like medicines in that they can act on each other and other medicines youre taking.可知维生素不可以与其它药物一起服用。故选A。【18题详解】根据其后一句Some research suggests that multivitamins could cause side effects when taken at the same time estrogen(雌激素)levels are raised.可知，服用维生素和其它药物时，要检验是否有害的相