21世纪大学实用英语综合教程 第二册 Unit 7

1、标准文档 教 案 授课单元 21世纪大学实用英语第2册第7单元 本（章）节 授课方式课堂讲授（ ） 实践课（ ） 教学时数 6 授 课 要 点本 （章） 节 教 学 目 标 1. master the basic language and skills necessary to fulfill obligations; C, Text and A, Text B understand the main ideas of Text 2.and words sentence structures and and master the useful exercises relevant to the

2、 first two expressions found in the texts; know how to use the subjunctive mood; 3.know how to write a personal letter; 4. 5. understand paragraph development . 教 学 重 点 和 难 点 1. background information: Jean de La Fontaine and Fairy; the Practice of Fulfilling Obligations; 2.identify the main idea of

3、 each paragraph; 3. analyzes some difficult sentences and some language points; 4.5. grammar: subjunctive mood 思考题 或 业 作 1. vocabulary 2. structure 3. translation 实用文案标准文档 教学内容与组织安排 st period 1Text A (Global Reading) nd2 period Text A (Detailed Reading) rd3 period Grammar Review th period 4 Practica

4、l Writing th period 5Text B th period 6 Improve Your Reading Skills Text A (Global Reading) 1st period Tell your classmates what you would do in the following situations and then read Text A to find what answers the author gives. 实用文案标准文档 2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading) Questions for understand

5、ing of deatails 1) What does the author think Mary should do? Mary should say what she thinks directly to Harry. 2) Why should people be honest according to the author? Because honesty makes things simple. / Because honesty is the easiest solution. 3) Instead of being honest when they make mistakes

6、what do people do? People try to create stories and excuses. 4) What will happen to you if you are honest with people? You will benefit in the end. 5) What is strange about the authors friend who came to see him recently? He wouldnt tell the author he wanted work though he couldnt even pay his rent.

7、 6)It is really not that complicated Why complicate life? By asking for it. 7) How do you show respect both to others and to yourself? Be honest with others. Sentence Analysis ? 其实这事并不那么复杂为什么要把生活复杂化呢？ 句中complicated是形容词，complicate是动词。问句是一句省略句，补充完整是：Why should we complicate life? ? Another alternative

8、 “Harry, Ive been agonizing over what to say to you. I even asked my friend about how to tell you this you see, I think youre a nice guy but I dont want to date you.” 还有一种选择 “哈里，我一直在发愁不知该怎么对你说。我甚至问过我的朋友该怎么把这话告诉你你知道，我认为你这人相当不错，但我不想和你约会。” another alternative 后面补充完整是：another alternative to what you say

9、。 this 的同位语是破折号后面的一句话。date是动词，意为“与约会”。 ? Its not that humanity will love you more if you dont tell lies, but that honesty, with tact, is the easiest solution. 这倒不是因为如果你不撒谎，人们就会更爱你，而是因为诚实，再带点技巧，是最容易的解决方法。 Its not that but that 意思为“这并不是（因为）而是（因为）”。 ? You could go to great lengths to create stories and

10、 excuses 你可以绞尽脑汁编造谎言和借口 在这里，create stories意为“编造谎言”，stories意为“谎言” 。 ? It is no fun telling you this but your proposals are now at the city dump! 告诉你这件事绝非趣事，但现在你的提案已在城市垃圾场里了! ? Isnt it strange? It refers to the strange behavior of the authors friend. it 指后面一句（The man wouldnt even tell me that he neede

11、d work. Meanwhile, he couldnt pay his rent.）的内容。 ? they know where you stand: 他们了解你的立场 ? I figured he was on a social visit. 我猜他就是来看看我。 on a social visit 意为“社交性访问”。 实用文案标准文档 ? Had he said, “I lost my job and I need some work,” I could have helped him. Isnt it strange? The man wouldnt even tell me th

12、at he needed work. Meanwhile, he couldnt pay his rent. 如果他说：“我丢了工作，我需要工作，”我本可以帮他。这不奇怪吗？他甚至不肯告诉我他需要工作，而那时他连房租都付不起。句中Had he said等于If he had said。 In the literary style, the structures “were I/you/he etc., should I/you/he/etc. and had I/you/he/etc.” are used instead of “if I/you/he /etc. were, if I/you

13、/he/etc. should and if I/you/he/etc. had.” 在较正式的文体里，were I/you/he etc., should I/you/he/etc.和had I/you/he/etc.可以替代if I/you/he /etc. were, if I/you/he/etc. should和if I/you/he/etc. had。 e.g. Were she my daughter, I could suggest several steps I consider good to take. Had I realized what you intended,

14、I would not have wasted my time trying to explain matters to you. Should you change your mind, let us know. ? What do you say? = Do you like it? Do you agree to my suggestion? 你喜欢吗？你同意我的建议吗？ ? Also, if you dont know something, be honest about it. 还有，如果某件事你不知道，就诚实地说不知道。 also在这里是修饰整个句子的副词，放在句首，后用逗号，表示

15、增加一个相关事实。 Words and Expressions ? pay off: (of a risky policy, course of action, etc.) bring good result; prove successful, rewarding, or worthwhile; work（冒险的政策、做法等）带来好结果；取得成功；值得；行得通 e.g. Her hard work paid off when she got a big raise. Their more careful method paid off in the end. ? take sb. out:

16、take sb. somewhere for exercise or recreation 带某人出去消遣、娱乐 e.g. Her mother took her out for the day. My boyfriend took me out to a fancy restaurant for lunch. ? have sth./nothing/etc. in common: have some/no/etc. interests, beliefs, etc. that are equally shared 有一些 / 毫无共同之处；有一些 / 没有共同的兴趣、信念等 e.g. He h

17、as nothing in common with his wife; for example, he likes to stay at home and she likes to go out and enjoy herself. Jane and I have much in common. = I have much in common with Jane. ? common: a. usual or familiar; happening or found often and in many places; shared by, belonging to or done by two

18、or more people 普通的；通常的；公有的；共同（做）的 e.g. Cats are common pets in England. It is quite common for him to talk in his sleep. ? agonise/agonize: vi. suffer great anxiety or worry intensely 极度忧虑（或担心） e.g. She agonized for days about whether she should take the job. 实用文案标准文档 Stop agonizing over something y

19、ou can do nothing about. ? complicated: adj. (of a machine, thought, action etc) very difficult to understand 复杂的 e.g. The rules are very complicated and I doubt if many people can understand them. It all sounds very complicated. ? alternative: n. choice of two or more possibilities; one of two or m

20、ore possibilities 两者（或多者）择一，取舍，抉择；供选择的东西 e.g. We have two alternatives. His idea seemed to offer a possible alternative to surgery. ? date: v. meet regularly with sb. of the opposite sex 约会 e.g. Mary is dating Mark. I dont like the idea of my daughter dating when shes so young. ? humanity: n. human

21、beings collectively; the human race; people 总称人；人类；人们 e.g. The deaths of so many people in the war was described as a crime against humanity. Humanity was threatened by another world war. ? tact: n. skill at not offending people or at gaining goodwill by saying or doing the right thing （处事、言谈等的）圆通，乖

22、巧，机敏；外交手腕 e.g. Helping people who have marriage problems requires a great deal of tact and patience. I wish youd used a little more tact when you told her about her cat dying. ? solution: n. answer to a problem, question, difficulty, etc.（问题、疑难等的）解答；答案；解决办法 e.g. They have worked out a quick solution

23、 for dealing with the problem. They were seeking a solution to the citys traffic problem. ? Lets say: lets suppose; for example 让我们假定；比如说 e.g. Lets say the journey takes three hours, that means youll arrive at 2 oclock. Take any Chinese poet, lets say Li Bai, and study the way he describes emotions.

24、 ? instead of: in the place of; in substitution for; rather than 代替；而不是 e.g. Since hes ill, Im going instead of him. Instead of stopping when the policeman shouted, he ran away. ? go to great lengths (to do sth.): (be prepared to) do everything one can (to achieve sth.)（为达到目的）不遗余力，竭尽全力；不顾一切 e.g. He

25、went to great lengths to get a photo of the queen. Now take good care of this book; I went to great lengths to get a copy for you. length: n. measurement or extent from end to end 长，长度 e.g. The table is at least twelve feet in length. He measured the length and width of the table. These fish can rea

26、ch a length of over two metres. ? create stories: 编造谎言。stories意为“谎言”。 e.g. The boy says he lives in a big house with a swimming pool, but I think hes telling stories. ? idiot /5IdIt/: n. very foolish person; fool 白痴；傻瓜，笨蛋，糊涂虫 实用文案标准文档 e.g. Some idiot left the tap running in the bathroom and theres w

27、ater everywhere. You stupid idiot thats a months work youve lost! ? fun: n. amusement, enjoyment; that which causes amusement or merriment 娱乐，快乐；有趣的人（或物） e.g. I dont see any fun of learning to play the piano. Our English teacher is great fun and we all like her. ? proposal: n. act of suggesting or p

28、utting forward; thing that is suggested 提议；建议 e.g. The government brought forward a new set of proposals on human rights. e.g. I welcome the proposal concerning the use of the land. ? dump : n. place where rubbish may be unloaded and left; rubbish-heap 垃圾场；垃圾堆 e.g. take waste to the dump ? trash n.

29、rubbish; garbage; things that one throws away 废物；垃圾 ? admire : vt. regard with respect, warm approval, delight, etc. 钦佩；赞赏；羡慕 e.g. You have to admire their courage. I couldnt help but admire his determination. ? where you stand: what is your attitude 你的立场 ? give it to sb. straight: tell sb. sth. (us

30、u. sth. unpleasant or critical) in a completely frank way 对某人直言不讳 e.g. To give it to you straight, I dont think shes the right person for the job. I gave it to him straight I said “Look, Ive got a boyfriend already and Im not interested, all right?!” ? hang around: stay near in an idle way; remain i

31、dling in a place 闲呆着；在某处闲荡 e.g. The bus was late so I had to hang around the bus station for a whole hour. “So what are you doing here? ” “Me, nothing Im just hanging around.” ? on a social visit: 社交性的访问 social: a. of or in society; of or designed for companionship and recreation 社会的；社交的，交际的 e.g. I

32、had such a good social life when I was at college. Most British schools organize social events for the students. ? Isnt it strange? It refers to the strange behavior of the authors friend. it 指后面一句（The man wouldnt even tell me that he needed work. Meanwhile, he couldnt pay his rent.）的内容。 ? meanwhile

33、 /5mi:n(h)waIl/: ad. in the time between two events; at the same time 其间；与此同时 e.g. She hid under the table meanwhile, the sound of boots on the stairs was coming nearer. The party is on Tuesday; meanwhile I have to shop and cook. ? rent /rent/: n. regular payment made for the use of sth., e.g. a hou

34、se, land 租金；房租；地租 e.g. How much do you pay in rent every month? He couldnt afford the rent by himself. 实用文案标准文档 ? fellow: n.infml man or boy; chap 口男人；男孩；小伙子；家伙 ? hassle : vt. harass; annoy; bother（不断）打扰；使烦恼；烦扰 e.g. Shell hassle me until I agree to write the letter for her. He hassled me so much tha

35、t I decided not to see him for a while. ? fascinating: a. having great attraction or charm 有极大吸引力的； look / sound fascinating e.g. What was fascinating to me was the way the animal moves. ? charm: n. power of pleasing, fascinating or attracting people; attractiveness; pleasing or attracting feature o

36、r quality 魅力；引人喜爱的特征；迷人的特征 e.g. His natural charm made him very popular. a woman of great charm The idea of being a farmer has lost its charm for me by this time. ? charming: a. having or showing charm; delightful 迷人的；妩媚的，可爱的；令人高兴的 e.g. She looked small and gentle and altogether charming. They had a

37、 charming little cottage by the river. ? exasperating: a. extremely annoying 使人恼怒的；激怒人的 e.g. exasperating delays Time after time, he refused to help; its so exasperating. ? in a nutshell: (express sth.) very simply, directly and in a few words only 简明扼要地（说），概括地（说）；简而言之 e.g. “Is he coming with us?” “

38、In a nutshell, no.” Well, to put it in a nutshell, were going to have to start again. ? nut /nQt/: n. fruit consisting of a hard shell with a kernel inside it that can be eaten 坚果 ? shell /Fel/: n. hard outer covering of eggs, of nut kernels, of some seeds and fruits, and of animals such as oysters,

39、 snails, crabs and tortoises（蛋、坚果、种子、果实以及牡蛎、蜗牛、蟹、龟等的）壳 ? nutshell /5nQtFel/: n. hard covering around the kernel of a nut 坚果外壳 ? tactful : a. having or showing tact 圆通的，乖巧的，机敏的 e.g. Shes very tactful when she deals with students and their problems. It would be tactful not to ask her about her exam. ?

40、 tell it like it is: sl, infml be honest; tell the truth说实话；实话实说 ? colleague: n. person with whom one works, esp. in a profession or business 同事 3rd period Grammar Review 非真实性条件句(The Subjunctive Mood) 虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、建议等。虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。在非真实性条件句中，假设的条件与事实相反，或实现的可能性很小，或讲话人主观上对此表示怀疑，

41、谓语动词使用虚拟语气。 实用文案标准文档 实用文案标准文档 Practical Writing 4 th period Personal Letters (2)people has resulted in to the telephone and e-mail These days, increased access writing fewer letters, but people still enjoy receiving and reading letters. Informal StyleKnowledge of appropriate styles of language is an

42、 important social skill and one that teachers can help students develop. If you are writing a quick note to a friend, you do not need to worry too much about using the correct format or to include your address. Given below, however, is the layout for a personal (love) letter. 1735 Stanton Ave. A 220

43、45 Richmond, V May 15, 2004 My Dear Cheryl, Loving you is so easy. There are so many reasons why I love you The little things you do, the simple gestures you make, the feelings and thoughts your move, and look, the way you share with me. I adore the way you that you infectious smile. There are so ma

44、ny things to love about you! Do you know I love it when you daydream and you think no one is watching? Do you know I love the way your eyes sparkle when you tell a funny story? Do you know that I love the shape of your ears? I could go on and on. and how much I love you. Its important to me that you

45、 know that I love you So whatever it is that you are doing, thinking or saying, as you go about your day know that I am there with you, loving you. Much Love, Nathan 实用文案标准文档 Friendly letters do not have to be as formal or serious as business letters, since normally they will be written to people yo

46、u know. It is still a good idea to keep your audience in mind, however dont use slang if you are writing to your professors or bosses, or too many formal expressions if you are writing to a close friend. For example: Dear Fudge, Hey, how is it going in Florida? Hope youre having great weather. You w

47、ouldnt believe the snowy winter weve had! Yuk! I miss going to the park in the afternoon. So, whats new with you? Are you going to try out for any spring sports? What new games did you get for your birthday? Hope you enjoyed the gift we sent you. Cant wait until we come down to visit you at spring b

48、reak. Lets go to Universal Studios again. Catch you later, Scooter Dear Uncle Adam, Thanks very much for the CD voucher you sent me for my birthday. I bought the soundtrack from “Titanic” with it, for I really loved the movie. Weve got a week-long study break in June, and Mum said I might get more w

49、ork done if I came down and stayed with you. She doesnt want all my mates to keep ringing me up and asking me out. Could I come down on Saturday (the 8th) and stay for the week? You dont need to pick me up from the bus station. Ill get a taxi. If thats cool with you, give me a buzz this weekend and

50、Ill tell Mum she can relax. See you soon (I hope). Luv, Teri 5th period Text B Questions About Paragraphs 1) Why did the woodcutter always whistle happily? Because he believed he could earn enough to raise his children. 2) How was the woodcutter working one day? He had been / was working very hard.

51、3) What happened to the axe when the man tripped over a root? The axe slid down the bank and into the river. 4) Who came to help him? The water fairy of the river. 5) What did the water fairy do after she understood his trouble? She sank into the river to pick up his axe for him. 6) What did the woo

52、dcutter say when he saw the silver and gold axes? He told the water fairy the axes were not his. 实用文案标准文档 7) What was the woodcutters reward? His old axe as well as the silver and gold axes. 8) Why did the water fairy reward him? Because he told her the truth. Language Points ? woodman: n. person wh

53、o lives in the woods, as a hunter, woodcutter, etc. 林区人；伐木人；樵夫 ? retell: vt. tell (a story, etc.) again, in a different way or in a different language再讲，重述；以不同方式（或语言）复述 ? e.g. retell the text German fairy stories retold in English ? out: ad. “Out” is used to emphasize the distance that someone or so

54、mething is from a town or city. out 用来强调远离城镇的地方。 ? e.g. I dont want to live any further out. She lives out in a village, ten miles away. ? silent: a. making little or no sound 寂静的；无声的 e.g. the silent desert the old silent movie ? sparkle: vi. shine brightly with flashes of light 闪耀；闪烁 e.g. The sunli

55、ght sparkled on the surface of the water. Her eyes sparkled as she laughed. ? trudge: vi. walk slowly or with difficulty because one is tired, etc. 步履艰难地走；疲累（或费力）地走 e.g. trudging slowly back to the office To get home from the station we had to trudge one and a half kilometers over rough roads. ? whistle: v. 吹口哨 e.g. He w