七年级上册英语语法归纳

1、七年级上册英语语法总汇(一动词be（is,am,are）的用法我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。二this，that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说th

2、at。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is, 不说That is。如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如：This is a bike. Thats a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如：Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？Yes, this is. Whos that?

3、 是的，我是，你是谁？注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am, Are you？/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如：Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？Yes, it is. 是的，它是。Whats that? 那是什么？Its a kite. 是只风筝。三these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经

4、提到过的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如：Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。四不定冠词a和ana和an都是不定冠词，表示一(个，支，本，块)的意思，但不强调数量概念，而是强调类别，用来限定名词。a用在辅音素

5、开头的单数名词前，如：a pencil(一支铅笔)，a book(一本书)；an用在元音音素开头的名词前，如an eraser(一块橡皮)。如果名词前有修饰语，用a还是用an，则以该修饰语的第一音素决定用a还是用an。如：a clock 一座钟 an old clock 一座旧钟 a book一本书 an English book 一本英语书a nice apple 一个可爱的苹果 an apple 一个苹果五名词s所有格名词s所有格单数名词后直接加 “ s ”Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother杰夫的妈妈以s结尾的复数名词，只加“”Teachers Day教师节 the

6、twins books双胞胎的书不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“ s ”Childrens Day 儿童节 mens shoes男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加s表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加sLucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈)Lucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，两间房子）六There be句型(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be某物（某人）某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词， be是谓语

7、动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构：There be放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如：There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如：On the desk there is a book.(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“There be”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：T

8、here is a tree behind the house.There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.There are some pears in the box.(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：There is a book and some pens on the floor.There are some pens and a book on the

9、floor.七like一词的用法like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。(2)后接动名词(v. -ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do )，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。八一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性、习

10、惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征、状态。当主语是非第三人称单数时，行为动词的一般现在时变化形式(见下表)。如：句式结构例句肯定句主语行为动词原形其他We speak Chinese.否定句主语dont行为动词原形其他We dont speak Chinese.一般疑问句Do主语行为动词原形其他？Do you speak Chinese?肯定回答否定回答Yes，主语doNo，主语dontYes, we do.No, we dont.当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词一般现在时的句型变化如下：(1)肯定句在行为动词原形后s/es(其构成方法与名词单数变复数相同)。(2)否定句用助动词doesnt动词原形

11、。(3)一般疑问句则是把助动词does放在句首，后面动词用原形，回答时，肯定用“Yes，主语does.”；否定用“No，主语doesnt.”。句式结构例句肯定句主语行为动词s/es其他She speaks Chinese.否定句主语doesnt行为动词原形其他She doesnt speak Chinese.一般疑问句Does主语行为动词原形其他？Does she speak Chinese?肯定回答否定回答Yes，主语doesNo，主语doesntYes, she does.No, she doesnt.九句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即Iwe

12、, youyou，she,he,it they。如：She is a girl. They are girls.(2)am，is要变为are。如：Im a student. We are students.(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy. They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. They are apples.(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：This is a box. These are boxes.十英语日期的表示法英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并

13、且前面无需用冠词。用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August 2nd，2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：10th May，2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，则用介词in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词on。 She was born in 1989She was born in August.She was born in August 1989.She was born on 2nd August, 1989.十一.名词复数：在英语里面，名词分可数名词（countable noun）和不可数名

14、词（uncountable noun），不可数名词没有单复数之分，用时只当单数词用；可数名词有单复数之分，一个的前面要用a或an，eg: a pencil, a basketball, a dictionary, an egg, an ID card，而复数即两个或两个以上的要作相应的变化，情况如下：(1) 特殊词，特殊变化，需单独记：childchildren，manmen，footfeet，womanwomentoothteeth，sheepsheep，deerdeer(2)一般的词在单数词后直接+“s”:bookbooks，penpens，carcars，mapmaps，cartoonc

15、artoons(3)以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词+“es”boxboxes，watchwatches(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去掉“y”，改成“i”，再加“es”familyfamilies，comedycomedies(5)以f或fe结尾的词，先去掉f或fe，改成“v”再加esknifeknives，wifewives，handkerchiefhandkerchieves十二.时间的表达法(1) 直读式，即直接读出时间数字7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen(2) 过、差式，即几点差几分，几点过几分。（以30分为分界线）1:25 twenty-five

16、past one 2:30 half past two3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five(3)12小时制6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分(4)24小时制13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分(5)15分可用quarter4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six(6)时间前通常用at.at 5 oclock at 7:30 p.m.十三.关于时间的问法(1)以when提问,“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的时间点When is your

17、 birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的生日是12月29日。这里就是指一天的时间段When do you go home? 你几点回家？I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4：30回家.这里when问的是具体的时间。(2)具体几点我们通常用what time提问What time is it now?现在几点了？ or Whats the time? 几点了？Its 9:26. 现在九点二十六。What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了？Its 8:36. Oh, Its 50 minut

18、es late 8:36，哦，它慢了50分钟。What time do you get up? 你几点起床？I get up at 6:00 a.m. 我早上6点起床。 十四.want用法(1)想干什么用want to do sthThey want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。(2)第三人称单数作主语，want要作变化He wants to play basketball.Li Xia wants to play the piano.(3)变疑问句，否定句要借助助动词do或does.Do you want to play soccer ball ?

19、 Yes , I do . / No , I dont.Does he want to go home by bus ? Yes , he does . / No , he doesnt初一英语句型转换专项练习题根据句后括号内的要求，填入句中所缺的词： 1.I know the answer.(一般疑问句) _ _ know the answer? 2. We can see some birds.(一般疑问句) _ _ see _ birds? 3. There is a computer in my house. (一般疑问句) _ _ a computer in house? 4. Th

20、ere are some flowers on the teachers desk. (一般疑问句) _ _ _ flowers on the teachers desk? 5. There are some apples on the tree. (否定式) There _ _ _ apples on the tree. 6. I think he is very old. (否定句) I _ think he _ very old. 7. Please color it green.(否定句) _ _ color it green. 8. We can speak good English

21、. (变否定句) We _ _ speak good English. 9. Thank you for helping me. (同义句) Thank you for _ _ . 10. There arent any pears in the box. (同义句) There are _ pears in the box. 11. Whose are these clothes? (同义句) _ _ are these? 12. Let me look at your book. (同义句) Let me _ _ _ _ your book. 13. Her sweater is red.

22、 (对划线部分提问) _ _ is her sweater? 14. My pencils are in the pencil-box. (对划线部分提问) _ _ your pencils? 15. I get up at six every day. (对划线部分提问) _ _ do you get up every day? 16. There are fifty students in my class. (对划线部分提问) _ _ students are there in your class? 17. These are cars. 用buses改写成选择疑问句) Are the

23、se cars_ _ ? 18. The book is in my schoolbag (变否定疑问句) _ the book in your school-bag? 19. Two boys are in our house. (改为there be句型) _ _ two boys in our house. 20. Cant you find the map? (作肯定回答) _ ,I_ . 参考答案： 1.Do you 2.Can you, any 3.Is there, your 4.Are there any 5.are not any 6.dont,is 7.Please don

24、t 8.can not 9.your help 10.no 11.Whose clothes 12.have a look at 13.What color 14.Where are 15.What time 16.How many 17.or buses 18.Isnt 19.There are 20.Yes,can专项句型转换一、含有be动词的陈述句变一般疑问句和否定句1 The student is at school.2 The students are at school.3 His father is an English teacher.4 These cats are cryi

25、ng.5 He is crying under the tree.6 His birthday is on the twentieth of November.7 Mrs. Li and Kitty are in a big shop.8 Everybody is in the classroom.9 The boy under the tree is hungry.10 Your brothers aunt is on the chair.11 Theres an eraser on the desk.12 Those are your keys.13 John is his first n

26、ame.14 My father is fine.15 This is a short.16 Therere two pens in the pencil case.17 The boys are my goog friends.二、不含be动词（即含行为动词）的陈述句变一般疑问句和否定句1 They can swim.2 I like to read English.3 I go to school on foot. 4 He likes English.5 His father goes to work by bus6 He goes to school every day.7 I wan

27、t to have a model car.8 She wants a cup of coffee.9 Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night.10 I do my homework after school.11 The boy does some housework at home.12 The children had a good time in the park. 13 Jim has some story-books.14 Mr. Hunt tell us something important at the meeting.15 T

28、he old man does morning exercises every morning.16 I must finish my homework before eight oclock.17 He often goes to the library on Sundays.18 They have a class meeting every week.19 We are going to see him tomorrow.20 The story sounds very interesting.21 I can help you.22 Toms T-shirt is five dolla

29、rs.23 I often watch TV on Sunday.三、对划线部分进行提问特殊疑问句1 I am fine.2 His name is John Smith.3 My last name is Brown.4 John is his first name.5 Her phone number is 929316 That is a phone.7 This is a ruler in English.8 It is a watch.9 his is a pen.10 hats my sister.11 Theyre my aunts.12 This is his cousin.1

30、3 Her backpack is on the chair.14 His keys are in his pocket.15 My alarm clock is on the sofa.16 Her pencil is between the keys.17 I can see some books on the bookshelf.18 Davids video tape is on the table.19 He has a computer.20 Twins have some balls.21 My father likes strawberries.22 She eats frui

31、t and hamburger for lunch.23 I like the black shoes.24 His bags are next to the desk.25 The girl in yellow is Amy.26 He is OK.27 The boy in green is my brother.28 My new short is blue.29 The yellow shirt is sixteen yuan.30 He likes green.31 These tomatoes are ￥9.32 He wants a green bag.33 He wants a

32、 green bag34 These shoes are five dollars.35 The pair of socks is blue.36 My little brother is 17 years old.37 The green socks are 6 yuan.38 His birthday is October 1st.39 I was born in 1986.40 Mary s birthday is October eleventh.41 We have an Art Festival each year.42 My sister is twelve.43 We have

33、 a music Festival each year.44 We have a school trip on October 21st.45 I have twelve balls.46 I have my sweater for 35 yuan.47 He likes Chinese action movies.48 My favorite movie star is Jackis Chan.49 I want to be a Beijing Opera artist.50 His father likes documentaries.51 He wants to join the art club.52 Th