大学英语四六级—图表作文全攻略.ppt

1、英语图表作文写作常识,一、图表作文写作常识 1、图形种类及概述法： 泛指一份数据图表： a data graph / chart / diagram / illustration / table 饼图：pie chart 直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram 趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram 表格图：table 流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram 程序图：processing/procedures diagram,一、图表作文写作常识 2. 图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法 数据（Data）在某一个

2、时间段固定不变：fixed in time 在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time 持续变化的data在不同情况下： 增加：increase / raise / rise / go up 减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall 波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave 稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 最常用的两种表达法： 动词+副词形式（Verb+Adverb form） 形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）,1. 图表作文的基

3、本写作要求 充分利用图表中的信息，把握文字和说明，找出图表所要表达的主题。 仔细分析图表提供的信息加以比较和归纳，选出具有代表意义的信息。避免过多引用。 通过对图表的分析，进行概括性的评论（变化趋势和造成原因）的说明，最后得出结论。,二、写作要领,2. 写这类文章要注意以下几点： 第一， 审题时，除了要把握好图表的表层信息外，还要分析该图表的深层含义，如原因，根源，可能的发展趋势等。图表中所提供的说明文字往往是问题的切入点，一定要仔细的分析。 第二， 描述数据时一定要抓住重点，为中心服务，不必面面俱到。切忌毫无目的地罗列图表中的数据。如果数据较多，建议抓住数据中的极端点（如最大或最小，最多或最

4、少，最好和最差）和基本相同之处进行描述。,二、写作要领,二、写作要领,3. 图表作文的篇章结构 第一段：描述现状。简要描述图表，概括图表所反映的深层次的问题。不要出现过于具体的数据。 第二段，分析原因，剖析图表所反映的深层次问题，用图表数据来论证第一段提出的主题，或者分析各个数据产生的原因。要注意文中的论点应该用图表中的数据来支持。 第三段：结论和启示。从图表所体现的现象获得结论和启示，或者对图表所表现的趋势加以预测。,三、相关常用词组 1、主章开头 图表类型：table、chart、diagram graph、column chart、pie graph 描述：show、describe、i

5、llustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、represent 内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion 2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组 rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的 dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的 significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的 sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的 steep/steeply急剧升降的 steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的 gradual/gradua

6、lly渐进的，逐渐的 slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的 slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的,3、其它在描述中的常用到的词 significant changes图中一些较大变化 noticeable trend明显趋势 during the same period在同一时期 grow/grew增长 distribute / distribution分布，区别 unequally不相等地 in the case of 在的情况下 in terms of / in respect of / regarding在方面 in contrast相反，大不相

7、同 government policy政府政策 market forces市场规率 measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节 forecast n.先见，预见v.预测,四、相关句型 文章开头方式： The table / chart/ diagram / graph + shows / demonstrates / describes / illustrates / depicts /reveals 2. 导入式句型：,3. 描述性句型：,4. There be 句型： There was / is a (very),5. 比较结构： 1). more than 结构： e.g. T

8、he production of petroleum was 200 million barrels per month in Iraq in 1996, 20 million barrels more than that of 1995. 2). asas / the same as结构 e.g. The production of petroleum was 200 million barrels per month in Iraq in 1996, as much as / the same as that of 1995. 3). times + asas结构 e.g. The pro

9、duction of petroleum was 200 million barrels per month in Iraq in 1996, twice as much as than that of 1995.,英语图表写作套句精选 1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化。 2.the bar chart illustrates that该柱状图展示了 3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding 该图

10、为我们提供了有关有趣数据。 4.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。 5.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly thator it is clear/apparent from the chart that从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到 6.over the period fromtotheremained level. 在至期间，基本不变。 7. the graphs show a threef

11、old increase in the number of 该图表表明的数目增长了三倍。,8.decreased year by year whileincreased steadily. 逐年减少，而逐步上升。 9.there is an upward trend in the number of数字呈上升趋势 10. fromtothe rate of decrease slow down从到，下降速率减慢。 11.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the，reaching a figure of从这年起

12、，逐渐下降至 12.there are a lot similarities/differences betweenand 与之间有许多相似（不同）之处 13.a has something in common with b a与b有共同之处。 14 .the difference between a and b lies in a与b之间的差别在于 15 （year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in 年急剧上升。,Homework 1. The Bar chart below shows the percentage of different natural res

13、ources used in three countries. Please describe the figures below. 2. You should write at least 120 words.,. Writing,（原因分析类）,The Changes in Something,1. 简述某一事物的变化情况,2. 说明引起变化的原因,3. 分析其影响或走向,Changes in Great Natural Disasters Worldwide,下一页,Back,（划线部分可替换）,下一页,上一页,写作模式（原因分析类）,1) As can be seen from the

14、 graph / table / diagram, there have been drastic / considerable / unfavorable changes in (议论的主题)over the past period from _ to _. 2) To be concrete, only in _(year) while / whereas the ratio(s) went up toin _ (year).(变化概述) 3) These changes are most disturbing, so it is necessary for us to go into t

15、he whys and wherefores of them first. (Para. 1),Back,（划线部分可替换）,下一页,上一页,4) Some changes, such as , result from , but many others have much to do with 5) In the first place, mans excessive exploitation of has done a lasting damage to , only to (原因分析I)6) (进一步说明) 7) In the second, in order to , man has

16、had to overwork , which in turn has accelerated (原因分析II) 8) In the third, mans blind application of has caused permanent changes in (原因分析III) 9) Among these changes are . (进一步说明)(Para. 2),Back,（划线部分可替换）,下一页,上一页,10) The list of causes could go on, but they are already enough to indicate that these ch

17、anges are producing more and more negative effects on the world. 11) These changes not only , but also(分析) 12) If allowed to run its course, I firmly believe / I am afraid, this trend will certainly bring more harm / threats to our society / life.(结论句) (Para. 3),Back,The Changes in Great Natural Dis

18、asters Worldwide 1. 简述所给图表中的变化。 2. 说明引起变化的主要原因。 3. 分析这些变化对全球的影响。,下一页,上一页,Back,1) As can be seen from the graph, there have been rapid changes in the great natural disasters worldwide over the past period from 1960s to 1990s. 2) To be concrete(具体的）, there were only 16 terrible natural disasters, caus

19、ing 300,000 deaths in 1960s while the ratios went up respectively（分别的） to 131 and 1,100,000 in 1990s. 3) The changes are disturbing, so it is necessary for us to go into the whys and wherefores（理由,原因） of them first.,下一页,上一页,Back,4) Some changes, such as those in earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, r

20、esult from the movement of plates along the weaknesses in the earths crust, but many others have much to do with mans activities. 5) In the first place, mans mindless and excessive exploitation of natural resources has done a lasting damage to the ecosystem（生态系统）, only to invite more floods, landsli

21、des and mud-rock flows. 6) The rare flood to which China was subjected in 1998 is typical of the evil seeds man had sowed（播种） for himself. 7) In the second, in order to feed their more and larger,上一页,下一页,Back,families, people from all over the world have had to overwork their farming land as well as their grassland, which in turn has accelerated the desertification of the land on which they have been relying for existence. 8) In the third, mans blind application of scientific findings has caused unfavorable an