测绘程序设计—实验八 水准网平差程序设计报告

1、.测绘程序设计(VC.net)上机实验报告（Visual C+.Net）班 级： 测绘0901班 学 号： 0405090204 姓 名： 代娅琴 2012年4月29日实验八 平差程序设计基础一、 实验目的 巩固过程的定义与调用 巩固类的创建与使用 巩固间接平差模型及平差计算 掌握平差程序设计的基本技巧与步骤二、 实验内容水准网平差程序设计。设计一个水准网平差的程序，要求数据从文件中读取，计算部分与界面无关。1. 水准网间接平差模型：2. 计算示例：近似高程计算：3. 水准网平差计算一般步骤(1)读取观测数据和已知数据；(2)计算未知点高程近似值；(3)列高差观测值误差方程；(4)根据水准路线

2、长度计算高差观测值的权；(5)组成法方程；(6)解法方程，求得未知点高程改正数及平差后高程值；(7)求高差观测值残差及平差后高差观测值；(8)精度评定；(9)输出平差结果。4. 水准网高程近似值计算算法 5. 输入数据格式示例实验代码：#pragma onceclass LevelControlPointpublic:LevelControlPoint(void);LevelControlPoint(void);public:CString strName;/点名CString strID;/点号float H;bool flag;/标记是否已经计算出近似高程值，若计算出则为，否则为;clas

3、s CDhObspublic:CDhObs(void);CDhObs(void);public:LevelControlPoint* cpBackObj;/后视点LevelControlPoint* cpFrontObj;/前视点double ObsValue;/高差值double Dist;/测站的距离;#include StdAfx.h#include LevelControlPoint.hLevelControlPoint:LevelControlPoint(void)strName=_T();strID=_T();H=0;flag=0;LevelControlPoint:LevelCo

4、ntrolPoint(void)CDhObs:CDhObs(void)CDhObs:CDhObs(void)#pragma once#includeLevelControlPoint.h#include Matrix.hclass AdjustLevelpublic:AdjustLevel(void);AdjustLevel(void);public:LevelControlPoint* m_pKnownPoint;/已知点数组int m_iKnownPointCount;/已知点个数LevelControlPoint* m_pUnknownPoint;/未知点数组int m_iUnknown

5、PointCount;/未知点个数CDhObs* m_pDhObs;/高差观测值数组int m_iDhObsCount;/高差观测值个数public:void SetKnownPointSize(int size);/创建大小为size的已知点数组void SetUnkonwnPointSize(int size);/创建大小为size的未知点数组void SetDhObsSize(int size);/创建大小为size的观测值数组bool LoadObsData(const CString& strFile);/读入观测文件CString* SplitString(CString str,

6、 char split, int& iSubStrs); void ApproHeignt(void);/计算近似值private:LevelControlPoint* SearchKnownPointUsingID(CString ID);LevelControlPoint* SearchUnknownPointUsingID(CString ID);LevelControlPoint* SearchPointUsingID(CString ID); CMatrix LevleWeight(void);/计算权矩阵public:void FormErrorEquation(CMatrix &

7、B, CMatrix &L);/组成误差方程 void EquationCompute(CMatrix &x);/计算法方程void Accuracy_Assessment(double &r0,CMatrix &Qxx);/精度评定void CompAdjust(double &r0,CMatrix Qx);#include StdAfx.h#include AdjustLevel.h#include #include LevelControlPoint.h#include math.hAdjustLevel:AdjustLevel(void)m_pKnownPoint=NULL;/已知点数

8、组m_iKnownPointCount=0;/已知点个数m_pUnknownPoint=NULL;/未知点数组m_iUnknownPointCount=0;/未知点个数m_pDhObs=NULL;/高差观测值数组m_iDhObsCount=0;/高差观测值个数AdjustLevel:AdjustLevel(void)if(m_pKnownPoint!=NULL)delete m_pKnownPoint;m_pKnownPoint=NULL;if(m_pUnknownPoint!=NULL)delete m_pUnknownPoint;m_pUnknownPoint=NULL;if(m_pDhO

9、bs!=NULL)delete m_pDhObs;m_pDhObs=NULL;void AdjustLevel:SetKnownPointSize(int size)m_pKnownPoint=new LevelControlPointsize;/创建动态指针m_iKnownPointCount=size;void AdjustLevel:SetUnkonwnPointSize(int size)m_pUnknownPoint=new LevelControlPointsize;m_iUnknownPointCount=size;void AdjustLevel:SetDhObsSize(in

10、t size)m_pDhObs=new CDhObssize;m_iDhObsCount=size;/高差观测值个数bool AdjustLevel:LoadObsData(const CString& strFile)CStdioFile sf;if(!sf.Open(strFile,CFile:modeRead) return false;/创建并打开文件对象CString strLine;bool bEOF=sf.ReadString(strLine);/读取第一行，即已知点的数目SetKnownPointSize(_ttoi(strLine);/根据已知点的数目，创建已知点数组；int

11、 n=0;for(int i=0;im_iKnownPointCount;i+)/读取已知点的点名和高程值sf.ReadString(strLine);CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,n);m_pKnownPointi.strName=pstrData0;m_pKnownPointi.strID=pstrData0;m_pKnownPointi.H=_tstof(pstrData1);m_pKnownPointi.flag=1;/已知点不用平差，故将其的flag设置为delete pstrData;pstrData=NULL;sf.ReadStrin

12、g(strLine);/读取未知点的个数SetUnkonwnPointSize(_ttoi(strLine);/根据未知点的个数创建未知点数组sf.ReadString(strLine);/读取未知点的点名CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,n);for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)/将未知点的点名放入未知点数组m_pUnknownPointi.strName=pstrDatai;m_pUnknownPointi.strID=pstrDatai;m_pUnknownPointi.H=0;/未知点的高程值设置为m_pU

13、nknownPointi.flag=0;/还没有求得近似高程，故其flag设置为if(pstrData!=NULL)delete pstrData;pstrData=NULL;sf.ReadString(strLine);/读取观测值的个数SetDhObsSize(_ttoi(strLine);/按照观测值的大小，创建观测值数组for(int i=0;im_iDhObsCount;i+)/分行读取观测值的数据，将其存入观测值数组sf.ReadString(strLine);CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,n);m_pDhObsi.cpBackObj=

14、SearchPointUsingID(pstrData0);/后视点m_pDhObsi.cpFrontObj=SearchPointUsingID(pstrData1);/前视点m_pDhObsi.HObsValue=_tstof(pstrData2);/高差观测值m_pDhObsi.Dist=_tstof(pstrData3);/距离观测值delete pstrData;pstrData=NULL;sf.Close();return 1;CString* AdjustLevel:SplitString(CString str, char split, int& iSubStrs)int iP

15、os = 0; /分割符位置 int iNums = 0; /分割符的总数 CString strTemp = str; CString strRight; /先计算子字符串的数量 while (iPos != -1) iPos = strTemp.Find(split); if (iPos = -1) break; strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, str.GetLength(); strTemp = strRight; iNums+; if (iNums = 0) /没有找到分割符 /子字符串数就是字符串本身 iSubStrs = 1; return NUL

16、L; /子字符串数组 iSubStrs = iNums + 1; /子串的数量= 分割符数量+ 1 CString* pStrSplit; pStrSplit = new CStringiSubStrs; strTemp = str; CString strLeft; for (int i = 0; i iNums; i+) iPos = strTemp.Find(split); /左子串 strLeft = strTemp.Left(iPos); /右子串 strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, strTemp.GetLength(); strTemp = strR

17、ight; pStrSpliti = strLeft; pStrSplitiNums = strTemp; return pStrSplit;/LevelControlPoint* AdjustLevel:SearchKnownPointUsingID(CString ID)for(int i=0;im_iKnownPointCount;i+)if(m_pKnownPointi.strID=ID)return &m_pKnownPointi;return NULL;/LevelControlPoint* AdjustLevel:SearchUnknownPointUsingID(CString

18、 ID)for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)if(m_pUnknownPointi.strID=ID)return &m_pUnknownPointi;return NULL;LevelControlPoint* AdjustLevel:SearchPointUsingID(CString ID)LevelControlPoint* cp;cp=SearchKnownPointUsingID(ID);if(cp=NULL)cp=SearchUnknownPointUsingID(ID);return cp;void AdjustLevel:ApproHei

19、gnt(void)/用于计算高程近似值的函数for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)/计算未知点高程值if(m_pUnknownPointi.flag!=1)/先在未知点作为观测值的前视点的情况for(int j=0;jstrID=m_pUnknownPointi.strID)& m_pDhObsj.cpBackObj-flag=1 ) /前视点=后视点-高差/*m_pUnknownPointi.H=m_pDhObsi.cpBackObj-H - m_pDhObsi.ObsValue;*/m_pUnknownPointi.H=m_pDhObsj.cpBackO

20、bj-H + m_pDhObsj.HObsValue;m_pUnknownPointi.flag=1; break;if(m_pUnknownPointi.flag!=1)/如果经过上一步骤未知点仍没有计算出近似值for(int j=0;jstrID=m_pUnknownPointi.strID)& m_pDhObsj.cpFrontObj-flag=1 ) /后视点=前视点+高差 m_pUnknownPointi.H=m_pDhObsj.cpFrontObj-H-m_pDhObsj.HObsValue; /* m_pUnknownPointi.H=m_pDhObsi.cpFrontObj-H

21、+m_pDhObsi.ObsValue;*/ m_pUnknownPointi.flag=1; break; if(i=m_iUnknownPointCount-1)/如果已经计算到最后一个未知点for(int a=0;am_iUnknownPointCount;a+)if(m_pUnknownPointi.flag!=1)/只要有一个未知点的近似高程直没有计算 /则要重新进行上面的步骤直到所有的未知点的近似高程值都计算出i=-1;break;CMatrix AdjustLevel:LevleWeight(void)CMatrix p(m_iDhObsCount,m_iDhObsCount);

22、p.Unit();double value;for(int i=0;im_iDhObsCount;i+)value=(1.0/m_pDhObsi.Dist);p(i,i)=value;return p;void AdjustLevel:FormErrorEquation(CMatrix &B, CMatrix &L)B.SetSize(m_iDhObsCount,m_iUnknownPointCount);L.SetSize(m_iDhObsCount,1);for(int i=0;istrID);tmpFront=SearchPointUsingID(m_pDhObsi.cpFrontObj

23、-strID);/找到与第i个观测值有关的未知点tmpBack-strID;for(int j=0;jstrID)/如果是后视点则前面的系数为-1 B(i,j)=-1;continue;if(m_pUnknownPointj.strID=tmpFront-strID)/如果是前视点则前面的系数为 B(i,j)=1;/建立L矩阵 CString tmp;for(int i=0;iH-m_pDhObsi.cpFrontObj-H);*/L(i,0)=m_pDhObsi.HObsValue-(m_pDhObsi.cpFrontObj-H - m_pDhObsi.cpBackObj-H);tmp.Fo

24、rmat(_T(%.3f),L(i,0);L(i,0)=_tstof(tmp);L(i,0)=L(i,0)*1000;/将单位化为mmvoid AdjustLevel:EquationCompute(CMatrix &x)/计算法方程CMatrix P,B,l;P=LevleWeight(); /P为权矩阵FormErrorEquation(B,l);ApproHeignt();CMatrix BT(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iDhObsCount);BT=B; /B的转置矩阵CMatrix NBB(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iUnknownPointC

25、ount);NBB=BT*P*B;CMatrix NBBl=NBB.Inv();x=NBBl*BT*P*l;for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)m_pUnknownPointi.H+=x(i,0);/未知点高程值=近似值+改正数void AdjustLevel:Accuracy_Assessment(double &r0,CMatrix &Qxx)/精度评定CMatrix B,l,P,x;P=LevleWeight(); /P为权矩阵FormErrorEquation(B,l);EquationCompute(x);CMatrix v(m_iDhObsCo

26、unt,1);v=B*x-l;CMatrix vT(1,m_iDhObsCount);vT=v;CMatrix r/*(1,l)*/;r=vT*P*v;r0=sqrt(r(0,0)/(m_iDhObsCount-m_iUnknownPointCount);/单位权中误差Qxx.SetSize(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iUnknownPointCount);CMatrix BT(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iDhObsCount);BT=B;CMatrix NBB(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iUnknownPointCount);NBB

27、=BT*P*B;Qxx=NBB.Inv();void AdjustLevel:CompAdjust(double &r0,CMatrix Qx)ApproHeignt();/计算未知点的近似高程值并且存入数组CMatrix P(m_iDhObsCount,m_iDhObsCount);P=LevleWeight();/p为权矩阵CMatrix B,L;CMatrix x,Qxx;FormErrorEquation(B,L);/组成误差方程，B为系数矩阵，l为常数项EquationCompute(x);/计算法方程Accuracy_Assessment(r0,Qxx);/精度评定for(int

28、i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)/未知点高程中误差Qxi=sqrt(Qxx(i,i)*r0;#include Matrix.h#include locale.h#include LevelControlPoint.h#include AdjustLevel.hAdjustLevel LevelComput;CString* SplitString(CString str, char split, int& iSubStrs)int iPos = 0; /分割符位置 int iNums = 0; /分割符的总数 CString strTemp = str; CStrin

29、g strRight; /先计算子字符串的数量 while (iPos != -1) iPos = strTemp.Find(split); if (iPos = -1) break; strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, str.GetLength(); strTemp = strRight; iNums+; if (iNums = 0) /没有找到分割符 /子字符串数就是字符串本身 iSubStrs = 1; return NULL; /子字符串数组 iSubStrs = iNums + 1; /子串的数量= 分割符数量+ 1 CString* pStrSpli

30、t; pStrSplit = new CStringiSubStrs; strTemp = str; CString strLeft; for (int i = 0; i iNums; i+) iPos = strTemp.Find(split); /左子串 strLeft = strTemp.Left(iPos); /右子串 strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, strTemp.GetLength(); strTemp = strRight; pStrSpliti = strLeft; pStrSplitiNums = strTemp; return pStrSp

31、lit;void CIndircLelveDlg:OnBnClickedOpendatafile()/ TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码UpdateData(TRUE);CFileDialog dlgFile(TRUE,_T(txt),NULL,OFN_ALLOWMULTISELECT|OFN_EXPLORER,_T(文本文件)|*.txt);/创建文件对话框if(dlgFile.DoModal()=IDCANCEL) return;/如果选择取消按钮则返回CString strFileName=dlgFile.GetPathName();/打开获取文件文件名setlocale(LC_

32、ALL,); /设置语言环境CStdioFile sf;if(!sf.Open(strFileName, CFile:modeRead) return;InputContent.Empty();/清空字符串str_openContent中的内容CString strLine;BOOL bEOF=sf.ReadString(strLine);/读取第一行数据while(bEOF)/开始读取顶点数据bEOF=sf.ReadString(strLine); if(bEOF) InputContent+=strLine+_T(rn); sf.Close();UpdateData(FALSE);void

33、 CIndircLelveDlg:OnBnClickedSavedata()/ TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码 UpdateData(TRUE);CFileDialog dlgFile(FALSE,_T(txt),NULL,OFN_EXPLORER,_T(Level格式)|*.txt);if(dlgFile.DoModal()=IDCANCEL) return;CString strFileName=dlgFile.GetPathName();setlocale(LC_ALL,); CStdioFile sf;if(!sf.Open(strFileName, CFile:modeCr

34、eate|CFile:modeWrite) return;sf.WriteString(LevleContent);sf.Close();UpdateData(FALSE);void CIndircLelveDlg:OnBnClickedComputelevel()/ TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码UpdateData(TRUE); setlocale(LC_ALL,); double *Qx=new doubleLevelComput.m_iUnknownPointCount;double r0;LevelComput.CompAdjust(r0,Qx);LevleContent.Format(_T(平差后高程值:rn);CString Temp;for(int i=0;iLevelComput.m_iUnknownPointCount;i+) Temp.Empty();Temp.Format(_T(%s,%.4frn), LevelComput.m_pUnknownPointi.strID,LevelComput.m_pUnknownPointi.H);LevleContent+=Temp;Temp.Format(_T(单位权中误差：%.1f mmrn),r0*