2017年全国高考英语语法填空专项复习

1、1,2017年全国高考英语语法填空 专题复习,2,考纲解读,一篇200字左右的短文或对话,话题贴近学生生活。 能力考查： 理解语篇、句子结构、 运用语法、单词短语,空格类型,有提示词,无提示词,3,2014-2016全国卷语法填空知识点分布,4,根据上表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考_ 等四类词。一个空格只能填 个单词,(2)有提示词题型：通常考 _、_、_、_等。一个空格可以填_个单词,冠词、介词、连词和代词,一,动词,形容词和副词的比较等级,词性转换,一到两,名词,5,3. the head of the village was tying up his h

2、orse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away. 4. I still remember taking _ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub(酒店) for lunch.,考点一：冠词,名词之前,There once were a goat (山羊) and a donkey(驴). So the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.

3、 2.When I see a child subject to(受到) this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was _ shy , nervous perfectionist(完美主义者).,the,a,考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词的用法,考点分析,a,a,无提示词,6,1.The adobe dwellings built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _most modern of architects and engineer

4、s. 2. Now years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. 3. The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, other is with mum. 4.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _while. 5. Janes grand

5、mother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in_way.,高考真题,the,the,a,a,7,下列情况很可能填 ： (1)_+可数n.(单数)； (2)_+形容词+可数n.(单数)。,下列情况下很可能填 ： (1)_ (+形容词)+n.+ of等介词短语 (表示特指)； (2)_ (+形容词)+n.+定语从句(表示特指)； (3)_ (+形容词)+n.+不定式短语或分词短语 (表示特指),考点分析,不定冠词,定冠词,8,考点二： 介词,(1)介词

6、+宾语（名词） (2)不及物动词+介词+宾语,1. In short, I believe that it is _ great use to keep a dairy in English 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. 3. She found some good quality pipes_ sale. 4. He was very ti

7、red _doing this for a whole day,of,at,考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,考点分析,on,from,无提示词：注意固定搭配,be tired from 因厌倦,9,1.But my connection with pandas goes back_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 2. Most of us are more focused _our tasks in the morning. 3. In India, for example , most people traditionally eat_

8、 their hands. 4. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away _car. 5. I got a place next _the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. 6._the same time, they warm up again for the night.,to,on,with,by,to,At,高考真题,10,当空格后的名词(一般前有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。 因为名词和代词最典型的

9、用法是在句中作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，那就是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。 具体填什么介词,可能是由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词或形容词与介词的句式搭配来决定。,11,考点三：代词,(1)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格,注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。 (2)指示代词,不定代词、反身代词等,考查语法点: 代词的基本用法,考点分析,1. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 2. When the time came f

10、or me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _ . 3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again: a smile,it,her,me,无提示词,12,1.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had be

11、en rejected by _(it) mother. 2. Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _(it) choking smog. 3. A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! Its _(I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.,its,its,me,高考真题,13,无提示词：代词 在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括 1.人称代词(I/me/you/he/him等)、 2.指示代词(it/this等)、 3

12、.不定代词(something/anything等)、 4.名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers等)、 5.疑问代词(which/who等)、 6.反身代词(不能作主语)(myself/yourself等) 在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等)。,考点分析,14,考点四：连词或从句引导词,两个主谓结构连接,Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains_the area is called the Black Country. 2. It got its name duri

13、ng the industrial revolution, _ factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color. 3. Jane paused in front of a counter(柜台) _ some attractive ties were on display. 4. One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up (拔起)all of his crop a fe

14、w inches.,why,when,考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,考点分析,where,that,无提示词,15,连词和引导词高考真题,1.(2016全国I) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _I was the first Western TV reporter . 2.(2016全国) Over time ,_the population grew , people began cutting food into small pieces s

15、o it would cook more quickly. 3.(2016全国) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,_ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C. 4.(2015全国I) Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists. 5.(

16、2015全国II) As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,when,when/as,who,which/that,how,16,6.(2014全国I) Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy. 7.(2016江苏）Many young people ,most of_ were well-educ

17、ated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 8.(2016江苏)It is often the case_ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. _ is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.,which/that,that,whom,As,17,9.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of t

18、hem looked very anxious. 10. But river wasnt changed in a few days_ even a few months. 11. In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China ,Japan ,Korea ,_ Vietnam , food is usually eaten with chopsticks.,and,or,and,18,解题技巧,考点分析,19,并列句和复合句,并列句：,简单句并列连词简单句,复合句：,主句（主谓宾）从句（连接词主谓

19、）,两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。,20,考点五：谓语动词,有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构,1. I was certain she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. ( 2. His fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 3. Being too anxious to hel

20、p an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.,was told,kept,考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致,考点分析,results,21,1.It was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base. I_(allow) to get up close to these cute animals . 2. Leaving the less important things until

21、tomorrow _ (be) often acceptable. 3. Whatever it is, _(make ) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 4. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _(be)too violent for use at the table. 5. Truly elegant chopsticks might_(make) of gold and sil

22、ver with Chinese characters.,高考真题,was allowed,is,make,was,be made,22,6.It was raining lightly when I_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 7. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away by car . Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful. 8. This cycle _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during t

23、he day and cool off during the night. 9. In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 10. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.,高考真题,arrived,is,goes,was,

24、caught,23,当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。 【确定时态的3条依据】 (1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。 (2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。 (3)依据时间状语。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常与现在完成时连用；by the

25、end of, since 1980, for three years常与完成时连用。 提示：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态考查的多一些。,时态、 语态、 语气、 主谓一致,24,考点六：非谓语动词,有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式,1. We must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) the gift. 2. I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! 3. My pupils, Donn

26、ie 40_ (include), adored her. 4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).,receiving,to complete,included,考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用,考点分析,raised,25,非谓语高考真题单句填空,1.(2016全国I) I was the first Western TV reporter _ (permit) to film a special

27、unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 2.(2016全国I) My ambassadorial duties will include _(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu. 3.(2016全国II) If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _ (bring) your work home. 4.(201

28、6全国) Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _(create)special designs. 5. (2016全国) People probably cooked their food in large pots, _ (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.,permitted,introducing,to bring,to create,using,26,6.(2015全国I) A study of travelers_(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor

29、names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 7. (2015全国I) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 8.(2015全国II) The adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the Ameri

30、can Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. 9.(2015全国II) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _（use）electric equipment.,conducted,living,built,using,27,当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与

31、括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing, done, to do)。,28,考点七：词性转换,有提示词 介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said 36_ (rude). 2. As far as I am concerned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. 3.

32、This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 4. _ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.,rudely,suggestion,考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化,考点分析,natural,Un

33、doubtedly,29,1.The title will be _(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 2. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_(regular). 3. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _(gradual)turned into chopsticks. 4. Abercrombie & Kent,

34、a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_(regular) arranges quick getaways. 5. As _(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 6. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that

35、heat_（slow）during cool nights.,officially,regularly,gradually,regularly,natural,slowly,30,7.The river was so polluted that I_(actual) caught fire and burned. 8. While there are _ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, l

36、ike cleaning up a polluted river. Just be_ (patience). 9. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _ (disappoint). 10. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers_ (sudden) became friendly to one another.,a

37、ctually,amazing,patient,disappointed,suddenly,31,当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决： （1）作主语或宾语用_形式。 （2）在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(some, any, a lot of等)、介词后还没有名词时，就用_形式。 （3）作定语、表语或补足语用_形式。 （4）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在句首修饰全句，用_。 （5）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀，也可能用其比较级或最高级。,名

38、词,名词,形容词,副词,32,在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。 从近两年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换仅考查了以下3点： (1)形容词副词。 (2)形容词名词。 (3)名词形容词。,33,考点八：形容词副词的级,有提示词 通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级,One of the 33_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher 2. We were both l

39、aughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt _ (lonely) than I had expected that night. 3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one

40、 of the _ (great) writers of our time.(双语报),worst,考点分析,less lonely,greatest,34,1.Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_ (clean) than ever. 2. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of_(great) and less importance.,cleaner,greater,35,当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境,理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通,就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。 注意： 要善于分析语境,辨别省略了than的隐性比较级。 若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀或后缀