高考英语阅读理解社会文化专项训练100附答案及解析

1、高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)专项训练100(附答案)及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类 阅读理解1 The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own language. Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribes language has decreased over the past century. Now, Indian Nations are trying

2、different ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their communities to learn tribal languages. Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government fo

3、rced Indian families to send their children to such schools. The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a

4、job, earn money and buy a house or nice things. However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members. At least one organization is turning to modern technology-The Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofi

5、t group, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters. The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013,

6、the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlingit. Currently there are two apps, called Learning Tlingit and Tlingit Language Games. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alph

7、abet, as well as a basic list of the words included. With the Tlingit Language Games app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean. What is the problem the native Americans are facing now? 1）（ A.The number of native Americans has been increasing. B.

8、Fewer and fewer native Americans speak their own language. C.Their native language has been extinct. D.Its hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages. What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English? ）（2 A.They will get better jobs and higher pay. B.They w

9、ill teach their own children to speak English. C.They will lose their history and culture. D.They will get along well with the government. What can we know about Tlingit? ）（3 A.It can help the native people know some language topics. B.It can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or ni

10、ce things C.It is a very popular app among the native speakers D.It is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people. What is the main idea of the passage? ）（4 A.American Indian tribes efforts to increase native speakers. B.Reasons for the disappearance of some American Indian languages. C.Ways

11、to help the native tribes lead a traditional life. D.The popularity of the language learning apps. B）（1【答案】 C）（2 D）（3 A ）（4【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法来增加本族语言 的使用，否则，他们的本族语言将面临严重的危机。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribes language has decreas

12、ed over the past century. ”但是能说他们本族语言的本地美国人的数量在过去的一个世纪中已将减少。可知，会说本族语的美国土著的人数在过 。去的一个多世纪中已经减少了，故选B （2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.”然而，害怕失去自己的 历史和文化，许多印第安部落尝试新的方法来提升

13、族人的本族语使用能力。可知，如果越来越多的族人只说英语，他们将会失去自己的历史和文 。C化。故选 （3）考查细节理解。根据第九段中的“The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left.”特林吉特部落有大约一万人。他们主要居住在阿拉斯加东南部。但是就2013年的统计，这个部落只有125人可以说自己民族的语言，可知，现在仅仅有不到两百人可以说这种语言了，故 。

14、选D （4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美国印第安人在民族语言方面面临的处境以及这一处境引起的担忧，最后四段提出了针对这一问题的解决方案：美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）来增加本族语使用人数。选项A中efforts能凸显人们这一问题的担心及 。A在努力寻求解决方案方面所做的努力。故选 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答 案。 阅读理解2 Shakespeares Globe Exhibition & Tour is a unique international re

15、source to explore Shakespeares work. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the ), Shakespeare, and helps you seek to further the experience and 剧作家most famous playwright( international understanding of him. Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours Theatre To

16、urs: Monday - Sunday: 9:30 a.m.- 5:00 p.m. Exhibition: Monday - Sunday: 9:00 a.m.- 5:00 p.m. Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own guide for free. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email. Ex

17、hibition and Tour Prices Adult: $15.00 Senior (60+): $13.50 Student (with valid ID): $11.50 Child (5-15): $ 8.00 Complimentary: Every 16th person free Getting here Shakespeares Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SEl9DT,UK We have currently improved security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive i

18、n good time, and do not bring any large bags and check the calendar before your visit or call+44(0)20 7902 1500 to find out about our latest opening times. Visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge (ope

19、n 24 hours, seven days a week). Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the entrance hall on New Globe Walk. Where to eat Swan at Shakespeares Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beauti

20、ful bar and restaurant set over two floors, available for pre- and post-theatre dining. Swan Restaurant Monday- Friday: 12 noon - 2:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.- 10:30 p.m. Saturday: 12 noon- 3:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m. Sunday: 12 noon- 9: 00 p.m. When can you pay a visit to the exhibition? ）（1 B. Monday at 8: 00

21、a.m.A. Friday at 12:00 p.m. C. Saturday at 5: 30 p.m. D. Sunday at 7: 00 p.m. If a group of 20 children visit the Exhibition & Tour, what is required for them to do? ）（2 A. They need to hire a guide themselves. B. They must be accompanied by an adult. C. They have to pay $160 for tickets in total. D

22、. They need to email for a reservation in advance. Which of the following applies to visitors? ）（3 A. Theyre able to get a taxi near Southwark Bridge. B. They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge. C. They are required to deposit their bags before entering. D. Its more convenient to drive t

23、here than taking public transport. What can we know about Swan Restaurant? ）（4 A. Afternoon lea is not served on Sunday. B. It serves traditional seasonal food for diner. C. It is closed from 3 p.m.to 5 p.m. on workdays. D. It serves three meals, drinks and afternoon tea. A）（1【答案】 D）（2 A3（） C 4）（【解析

24、】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向游客介绍了参观莎士比亚环球展厅的相关服务信 息。 （1）考查细节理解。根据“Exhibition Monday - Sunday: 9:00 a.m.- 5:00 p.m.”可知，展览从 。点营业。所以在周五下午两点能够参观展览。故选A9点到下午5周一到周日上午 （2）考查推理判断。根据Exhibition部分中的“Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit.To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form an

25、d return it to us via email.”可知， 15人或以上的团体须预先预订其行程。如欲订购，请填写团体申请表，并通过电子邮件返回给我们。所以如果有20名儿童参观参观展厅，他们需要通过电子邮件 。D提前预定。故选 （3）考查推理判断。根据 Getting here部分中的“ Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge”可知，在 Southwark Bridge可能全年都有出租车。所以判断出游客能在 。附近打到出租车。故选ASouthwark Bridge （4）考查推理判断。根据Swan Restaurant部分中

26、的“Monday- Friday: 12 noon - 2:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.- 10:30 p.m.”可知，天鹅宾馆的营业时间是周一至周五中午12点到下午2：30，下午6点到晚上10:30。所以判断出周一至周五工作日期间，下午3点到下午5点是闭馆 。C的。故选 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需 要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。 阅读理解3 Beginning life at college naturally develops both excitement and anxiety for m

27、any reasons. Fors ome, this feeling is quickly overcome as they adapt to a new environment; for others the change takes longer and sometimes appears as homesickness. If you are homesick, you might notice an increase in: Low energy or motivation. Trouble sleeping. Increases/decreases in appetite. Hav

28、ing difficulty with school. Increased use of drugs or alcohol. Lack of interest or involvement in new surroundings. CAUSES the farther you go, the worse it may be. The distance from home Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life. You have finally arrived at college

29、 after working toward it for so long. A heavy workload. Students who are homesick often feel they have no control over their environment. WHAT MIGHT HELP? Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind, but also give yourself time within the university to begin to get involved here. Be re

30、alistic about what to expect from student life and from yourself. Set up a balance between work and leisure. If work is proving too difficult, you may need to improve your study skills or your organization of time. Remember to get enough food and sleep! These affect you emotionally as well as physic

31、ally. Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests. If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek professional help either from your advisor or dean or the counseling service. What might be a sign of feeling homesick? 1）（ A. Feeling lik

32、e quarreling with someone else. B. Becoming interested in study than ever before. C. Finding food or fruit less attractive. D. Participating in almost all activities in college. New college students might be homesick because . ）（2 A. they are never far away from their parents B. they feel upset abou

33、t something unexpected C. they suddenly do not have anything to do D. they do not like the university they are in（3）Which of the following measures might be helpful for homesick students according to the text? A. Keeping their old friends left behind. B. Reminding themselves to keep busy and forget

34、it. C. Forcing themselves to stay in their dorms on weekends. D. Going in for sports with their friends. C1）（【答案】 B）（2 D ）（3【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可【解析】 能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。（1）细节理解题。由原文“Increases/decreases in appetite.”可知，如果一个人想家，就有可能增加或减少食欲，所以C选项“感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项“想跟别人吵架”、“对学习比以前更感兴趣”和

35、“几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。所以 。C答案选（2）细节理解题。由原文“Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.”可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。所以B选项 。B”符合题意。所以答案选“他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦（3）推理判断题。由原文“Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind”可知，要跟留下的人保持联系，所以A选项“要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。由原文“Set up

36、 a balance between work and leisure.”可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以B选项“提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。由原文“Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests.”可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来结识其他朋友，所以C选项“强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而D选项“跟朋友一 。是正确的。所以答案选D起运动” 【点评】推断题型答题技巧。推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观

37、点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在 字里行间的语气及观点。 阅读理解4 In Korea, it is rude to wear shoes inside someones house because it is considered dirty. In Saudi Arabia, you should not bring food to someones house because ta

38、king food or drink suggests that you think the host cannot afford the meal. More and more people around the world are travelling abroad to study, to go on vacation, or to work, and while it can be a great way to learn about other cultures, there may be times when travelers accidentally annoy their h

39、ost. The same gesture can have very different meanings in different countries. The gesture meaning OK in the United States means something completely different in Brazil as Ella Yao discovered. Ella had travelled to Brazil to study and was living with a host family. During dinner, her host asked Ell

40、a if she was enjoying the meal. Because her mouth was full of food, Ella made a sign with her hand that to her meant OK. Although Ella meant the food was good, this symbol in Brazilian culture is extremely rude and her host was deeply annoyed. While travelling in Thailand, Elizabeth Brown learned th

41、at there are differences in food in the United States and Thailand. She stopped at a small, family-owned restaurant in Chiang Mai and ordered spring rolls. She was really enjoying eating them until she got the last one and noticed that there was an insect inside. She complained to the server. Later,

42、 she discovered that although ) in some countries.佳肴insects are disgusting to most Americans, they are considered a delicacy(go you cultural differences before be avoided with some research on All these mistakes can abroad. However, if you do accidentally annoy someone, quickly apologize, and learn

43、from your mistake. For what reason did Ella make her host angry?1）（ B. Her host misunderstood her gesture.A. She spoke with her mouth full. C. She didnt like the meal her host prepared. D. Her host didnt like using body language. What happened to Elizabeth Brown in a Thai restaurant?2）（ B. She was b

44、adly treated.A. She ate an insect. C. She argued with the server. D. She learned insects are welcome there. What may be the best title for the text?3）（ A. What matters B. When in Rome C. How to be polite D. Why make mistakes B）【答案】 （1 D）（2 B ）（3【分析】这是一篇关于风俗文化的文章。文章介绍了在韩国穿着鞋子在家里是不【解析】这个手势在美国和巴西的不同以及泰

45、国的饮食文化，告诉我们为了避免误会礼貌的和OK一定要学会你所想去国家的文化即入乡随俗，如果我们不小心触碰到了他们的文化要立刻 道歉并改正。 with sign Ella made a her mouth was full of food, ）细节理解题。根据第二段中（1Because her hand that to her meant OK. Although Ella meant the food was good, this symbol in Brazilian 可知，她因为嘴里有东西故用手势culture is extremely rude and her host was deep

46、ly annoyed.，但这个手势在主人所在国家是非常粗鲁的意思，所以主人生气是因为误会了她，OK表示 。故选Bto are insects disgusting she discovered that although 2（）细节理解题。根据第三段Later, 可知，昆虫在一些国家佳肴) in some countries.most Americans, they are considered a delicacy(she until eating really enjoying them D也是佳肴，故选。注意A项错误，文章是说She was 她发现有只昆虫在春卷里，并没有got the

47、last one and noticed that there was an insect inside. 提到她吃了昆虫。项B3）主旨大意题。本文讲了不同国家有不同的风俗，并告诉我们要入乡随俗，故（ 即入乡随俗，适合作文章题目。“When in Rome,Do as the Romans Do” 阅读理解5On hearing the words Just do it!, you will know there is a Nike product nearby. If its “Always sell you a refreshing drink.Coca-Cola”, you can be

48、 sure someone wants to helps The a are what a is 广告标语advertising An slogan() to brand eyes to person. slogan people understand the brand better by telling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message inside peoples minds. Its almost certain that every brand has a popular

49、 slogan. Here are a few examples: they but only if teens. to It tells them to do something, Just do it!-This slogan speaks out think its worth it. And if so, why not do it wearing Nike? Always Coca-Cola.-Cokes slogans change every few years, but this one has enjoyed a lasting popularity because it s

50、hows the brands spirit. It seems to say Coke is the only drink there is; 桴牥?牡?潮漠桴牥映牯獭漠?牤湩獫尮asks beauty. It from Kodak connects photos and Share moments, share life.-This slogan of them-using Kodak film of photos remember to the happy moments in life by taking people course! What would be the best ti

51、tle for the text? ）（1 A.Just Do It! B.Slogan And Brand C.Famous Slogans D.What Is A Good Slogan? Which of the following can best explain the underlined sentence (paragraph 2)? 2）（ A.A good advertising slogan should draw peoples attention. B.A brand should have an advertising slogan just as people ha

52、ve eyes. C.An advertising slogan is as important to a brand as eyes are to a person. D.An advertising slogan acts as the eyes of a brand. The word hem in the last paragraph refers to_. ）（3 A.people B.the happy moments C.photos and beauty D.Kodak film Which of the following tables can best match the

53、slogans with their brands? ）（4 A. B. C. D. B）【答案】 （1 C）（2 B）（3 D （4） 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了品牌与标语之间的关系。【解析】 （1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On hearing the words Just do it!, you will know there is a Nike product nearby. If its Always Coca-Cola, you can be sure someone wants to sell you a 。介绍了品牌与标语之间的关系，下文举了几个例子，故选Brefre

54、shing drink.” （2）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“The slogan helps people understand the brand better by telling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message inside 标语帮助人们更好地理解品牌，告诉他们它想卖给顾客什么。好的标语在minds.”peoples 人们的头脑中留下了一个信息。 可知，使用“An advertising slogan(广告标语) is to a brand what eyes are

55、to a person.” 作者把标语对于品牌的作用比作眼睛对于人的作用，也就是说广 。告标语对一个品牌和眼睛对一个人一样重要。故选C （3）考查代词指代。根据最后一段中“It asks people to remember the happy moments in life by taking photos of them-using Kodak film of course!”可知，them指的是前文的“happy 。Bmoments”。故选 （4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The slogan helps people understand the brand better by t

56、elling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message inside peoples minds.(标语帮助人们更好地理解品牌，告诉他们它想卖给顾客什么。好的标语在人们的头脑中留下了一个信息。可知，表格中的第一条“Obey your thirst”服从你的渴望，标语当中的“thirst”有口渴的意思，故可能跟饮料有关；根据常识可知，这是饮料雪碧的广告 。D语。结合选项，故选 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测，句义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选 出正确答案。 阅读理解6 I have learned something about myself since I moved from Long Island to Florida three years ago. Even thoug