量水堰槽构造及安装的技术参考

1、.七、量水堰槽构造及安装的技术参考选择量水堰槽的种类，要考虑渠道内流量的大小，渠道内水的流态，是否能形成自由流。流量小于40L/s时，一般应选择直角三角堰。大于40L/s，一般应选择使用巴歇尔槽。流量大于40L/s，渠道内水位落差又较大，可以选择矩形堰。条件允许，最好选择巴歇尔槽。巴歇尔槽的水位-流量关系是由实验标定出来的，而且对上游行进渠槽条件要求较弱。三角堰和矩形堰的水位-流量关系来源于理论计算，容易由于忽视一些使用条件，带来附加误差。量水堰槽可以用玻璃钢制做。三角堰和矩形堰的堰口是关键尺寸，加工要准确。朝向进水一侧表面要平滑。巴歇尔槽内尺寸要准，内表面要平滑。喉道部分是关键尺寸，要更准确

2、。1 、直角三角堰图十六是一种直角三角堰的加工图。水位-流量对应关系如表一。注意，安装该直角三角堰的上游渠道宽是600mm，三角顶角与上游渠底的高度是250mm。如不是这种情况，水位-流量表应另行计算。使用上述三角堰，可以在参数表“液位-流量对应表” 1/55“堰槽种类”内选“直角三角堰”，仪表内已有该堰板的水位-流量表。 图十六、直角三角堰的构造 表一 直角三角堰水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.0100.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0700.0800.090流量0.00000.01360.07720.21270.43670.75811.2

3、0351.76932.47053.3164水位0.1000.1100.1200.1300.1400.1500.1600.1700.1800.190流量4.31575.47696.81378.330410.04311.95414.07216.41718.98721.798水位0.2000.2100.2200.2300.2400.2500.2600.2700.2800.290流量24.83628.20131.78635.61239.77744.124-图十七、三角堰在渠道上的安装和三角堰的水位零点三角堰安装在渠道上如图十七。堰板要竖直，要安在渠道的中轴线上。加工三角堰时，可能会使顶角变成圆角，在确

4、定水位等于零的位置时要注意。三角堰的水位零点应在三角堰的侧边延长线的交点上。仪表的探头要安装在上游距离堰板0.5m1m的位置。2 、矩形堰图十八矩形堰构造图十八、矩形堰的构造图十七、三角堰在渠道上的安装和三角堰的水位零点矩形堰可按图十八加工。水位-流量对应关系如表二、三、四、五。矩形堰的水位-流量关系主要取决于堰口宽的“b”。也与上游渠道宽“B”和堰坎高“p”有关。如使用图十八的矩形堰，可以在参数表“液位-流量对应表” 1/55“堰槽种类”内选“250矩形堰”、“500矩形堰”等。仪表内已有水位流量表。表二 0.25m矩形堰水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.010

5、0.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0700.0800.090流量0.00000.44281.25462.30863.56044.98416.56278.283810.13812.117水位0.1000.1100.1200.1300.1400.1500.1600.1700.1800.190流量14.21516.42718.74921.17523.70426.33229.05631.87534.78537.786水位0.2000.2100.2200.2300.2400.2500.2600.2700.2800.290流量40.87544.05047.31150.65554.082

6、57.591-表三 0.5m矩形堰水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.0100.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0700.0800.090流量0.00000.88402.50634.61527.12229.976913.14616.60420.33324.319水位0.1000.1100.1200.1300.1400.1500.1600.1700.1800.190流量28.54833.01237.70042.60747.72653.05158.57664.29970.21476.318水位0.2000.2100.2200.2300.2400.250

7、0.2600.2700.2800.290流量82.60889.08095.733102.56109.57116.75124.10131.62139.31147.16水位0.3000.3100.3200.3300.3400.3500.3600.3700.3800.390流量155.18-表四 0.75m矩形堰水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.0200.0400.0600.0800.1000.1200.1400.1600.180流量0.00003.769810.72919.83430.72543.20357.13972.44189.040106.88水位0.2000.

8、2200.2400.2600.2800.3000.3200.3400.3600.380流量125.93146.15167.50189.98213.55238.21263.93290.71318.54347.40水位0.4000.4200.4400.4600.4800.5000.5200.5400.5600.580流量377.30408.22440.16473.11507.08542.05-表五 1m矩形堰水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.0200.0400.0600.0800.1000.1200.1400.1600.180流量0.00004.997814.1982

9、6.19640.50556.85275.05494.982116.54139.65水位0.2000.2200.2400.2600.2800.3000.3200.3400.3600.380流量164.25190.28217.72246.52276.64308.07340.78374.75409.96446.40水位0.4000.4200.4400.4600.4800.5000.5200.5400.5600.580流量484.05522.90562.94604.16646.55690.10-图十九、矩形堰安在渠道上图二十、巴歇尔槽安装在渠道上矩形堰安装在渠道上如图十九。堰板要竖直，要安在渠道的中轴

10、线上。仪表的探头安装在距堰板0.5m1m的位置。3 、巴歇尔槽巴歇尔槽的构造如图二十一。巴歇尔槽的标识尺寸是喉道宽“b”。首先根据应用需要的最大流量，从“附录二、巴歇尔槽水位-流量公式”中查出合适的巴歇尔槽的喉道宽“b”。再从“附录一、巴歇尔槽构造尺寸”中查出对应喉道宽等于“b”的巴歇尔槽的其它尺寸。如“L”、“N”、“B1”、“L1”等等。把这些尺寸填入图二十一中右侧的栏目中。按图二十一加工成形，安装在渠道上，如图二十所示。巴歇尔槽水位-流量关系一般是形如：Q=Chan 的公式。根据喉道宽“b”，从“附录二、巴歇尔槽水位-流量公式”中找出对应的公式。逐点代入水位值，求出对应的流量。本仪表内已

11、预先存储了喉道宽从0.076m1.8m槽的水位-流量表。表六、七、八分别是喉道宽为0.025m，0.051m，2.1m巴歇尔槽的水位流量对应关系。表六 喉道0.025m巴歇尔槽水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.0100.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0700.0800.090流量0.00000.04800.14050.26340.41140.58140.77120.97941.20461.4458水位0.1000.1100.1200.1300.1400.1500.1600.1700.1800.190流量1.70231.97332.25822.5

12、5652.86773.19143.52713.87474.23364.6037水位0.2000.2100.2200.2300.2400.2500.2600.2700.2800.290流量4.98465.37625.37625.37625.37625.3762-表七 喉道0.051m巴歇尔槽水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.0100.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0700.0800.090流量0.00000.09590.28070.52630.82211.16171.54111.95712.40712.8892水位0.1000.1100.1200

13、.1300.1400.1500.1600.1700.1800.190流量3.40183.94344.51275.10885.73076.37757.04847.74298.46029.1997水位0.2000.2100.2200.2300.2400.2500.2600.2700.2800.290流量9.961010.74411.54712.37013.21413.214-表八 喉道2.1m巴歇尔槽水位流量对应表 水位单位：m 流量单位：L/s水位0.0000.0200.0400.0600.0800.1000.1200.1400.1600.180流量0.000010.02730.37658.09

14、092.019131.47175.97225.16278.76336.53水位0.2000.2200.2400.2600.2800.3000.3200.3400.3600.380流量398.27463.84533.08605.87682.09761.65844.45930.401019.41111.5水位0.4000.4200.4400.4600.4800.5000.5200.5400.5600.580流量1206.51304.41405.11508.61614.91723.81835.41949.62066.32185.5水位0.6000.6200.6400.6600.6800.7000.7

15、200.7400.7600.780流量2307.32431.52558.12687.12818.52952.23088.23226.53367.13509.9图二十一、巴歇尔槽构造附录一、巴歇尔槽构造尺寸单位：m类别序号喉道段收缩段扩散段墙高bLNB1L1LaB2L2KD 小 型10.0250.0760.0290.1670.3560.2370.0930.2030.0190.2320.0510.1140.0430.2140.4060.2710.1350.2540.0220.2630.0760.1520.0570.2590.4570.3050.1780.3050.0250.4640.1520.30

16、50.1140.4000.6100.4070.3940.6100.0760.6150.2280.3050.1140.5750.8640.5760.3810.4570.0760.77标准型60.250.600.230.781.3250.8830.550.920.080.8070.300.600.230.841.3500.9020.600.920.080.9580.450.600.231.021.4250.9480.750.920.080.9590.600.600.231.201.5001.00.900.920.080.95100.750.600.231.381.5751.0531.050.920

17、.080.95110.900.600.231.561.6501.0991.200.920.080.95121.000.600.231.681.7051.1391.300.920.081.0131.200.600.231.921.8001.2031.500.920.081.0141.500.600.232.281.951.3031.800.920.081.0151.800.600.232.642.101.3992.100.920.081.0162.100.600.233.002.251.5042.400.920.081.0172.400.600.233.362.401.6042.700.920.

18、081.0大型183.050.910.3434.764.271.7943.681.830.1521.22193.660.910.3435.614.881.9914.472.440.1521.52204.571.220.4577.627.622.2955.593.050.2291.83216.101.830.6869.147.622.7857.323.660.3052.13227.621.830.68610.677.623.3838.943.960.3052.13239.141.830.68612.317.933.78510.574.270.3052.132412.191.830.68615.4

19、88.234.78513.824.880.3052.132515.241.830.68618.538.235.77617.276.100.3052.13附录二、巴歇尔槽水位-流量公式类别序号喉道宽度b(m)流量公式Q=Chan(L/s)水位范围h(m)流量范围Q(L/s)临界淹没度%最小最大最小最大小型10.02560.4ha1.550.0150.210.095.40.520.051120.7ha1.550.0150.240.1813.20.530.076177.1ha1.550.030.330.7732.10.540.152381.2ha1.580.030.451.50111.00.650.

20、228535.4ha1.530.030.602.52510.6标准型60.25561ha1.5130.030.603.02500.670.30679ha1.5210.030.753.54000.680.451038ha1.5370.030.754.56300.690.601403ha1.5480.050.7512.58500.6100.751772ha1.5570.060.7525.011000.6110.902147ha1.5650.060.7530.012500.6121.002397ha1.5690.060.8030.015000.7131.202904ha1.5770.060.8035

21、.020000.7141.503668ha1.5860.060.8045.025000.7151.804440ha1.5930.080.8080.030000.7162.105222ha1.5990.080.8095.036000.7172.406004ha1.6050.080.80100.040000.7大型183.057463ha1.60.091.07160.082800.8193.668859ha1.60.091.37190.0146800.8204.5710960ha1.60.091.67230.0250400.8216.1014450ha1.60.091.83310.0379700.8227.