研究生英语多维教程-课后答案

1、研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙英语课后答案Book II Unit 1A. 1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.i

2、plex6.suspense; passionate; erconnectedD.1.A. Judging from2.B. in which3.C. and4.D. believe5.A. is one of/ is that of6.B. must get7.C. likely8.D. unemployed9.C. as well as/ and10.B. simplerE.1.end4.get

3、cationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。| 没有挑战就没有反应，没有发展，没有自由。| 所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们

4、开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。 2.们可以向我们的孩子提供第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。|德.纽伊写道：“不仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。”如果没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？ |美国可以向所有在高中读者完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何明显收获的学生发放毕业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。| 我们现在生活在一个外变得很狭隘的世界里，们必须同对现实保持警觉，有所认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。|这些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。如果我们剥夺了孩子的失败权力，实际上我们就剥夺了他们如实地认识世界的机会。 Key to the translation from Ch

5、inese to English:1.Todays university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future. 2.A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So the idealism of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself. 3.

6、We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education. 4.It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to success in life. 5.We run the risk of making critical decisions,

7、 not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith in professed experts. 6.Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the fou

8、r modernizations. 7.If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a sold basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also beready to commit themselves to others. 8.It is not too much to say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to exami

9、nations, the will push competence and commitment to the fringes. 9.I didnt even speak to him; much less discuss the reconstruction of your school with him. 10.Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think examinations have a lot of disadvantages. Examinations leave us an open ess

10、ential question - what influence do examinations exert on education? Reading Practice:1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D. 5.BUnit 2A.1-H 2-I3-A4-E5-K6-N7-L8-G9-D10-CB.1. perception2. responsibility3. organizational4. marketing5. strategies6. assets7. transitions8. dilemma9. Rivalry10. compensation11. whiz12. invaluabl

11、eC.1. Justify, justification, justifiable, justifiably, justified2. strategic, strategy, Strategics/Strategy, strategists, strategized, strategically3. finance, financial, financier, finance, Financially4. resentful, resents, resentment, resentfully5. perceive, perception, perceptible, perceptive, p

12、erceptibly6. diverse, diversify, diversity, diversification, diversified7. destroyed, destructive, destruction, destructionist, destroyers, destroying, destructible8. markets, marketable, markets, marketing, marketer9. prosperity, prospering, prosperous, prosperously10. derived, derive, derivative,

13、derivativesD. 1.A. it even harder2.A. that 3.C. not taking enough exercise4.C. to have gone back on5.B. functioning6.D. on7.A. object to seeing8.B. to go with it9.A. to expanding10.A. anxiously awaitingE. 1.manufacturers2.natural 3.treatment4.experienced5.approached6.relatively7.global8.chaired9.sus

14、petitorsKey to the Translation from English to Chinese: 业主/企业创建者不仅进取心强，而且精力充沛。| 他们往往擅长于多种技能。在很多情况之下，他们即是生产专家又是营销天才或经验丰富的金融家。| 要接替他们的工作则需要很多的人。| 因此家庭企业主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定该企业怎样运作

15、。| 参予交接过程的每个主要成员也应当制定他们自己的组织构图。然后,对它们进行比较。| 各机构之间的不同点将表明管理体制上的差异、存在误会的主要方面及观念上分歧。没有忠心耿耿雇员,很少企业能够发展壮大，| 即使是家庭企业也是如此。这些尽职的雇员多半担任了主要管理职务。| 因此，应当将关于产业继承的长远计划随时通报给他们，| 而主要的企业管理人员必须清楚知道他们在产业交接管理机构中的职责。| 改进企业的劳保福利制度以吸引和留住主要部门经理,激发他们的积极性,使他们能为企业和业主的最大利益而工作Key to the Translation form Chinese to English:1. He

16、 is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.2. Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a body shield for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the

17、place.3. Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.4. Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.5. More often than not, Mr. Smith earns great profits by careful investment of

18、his capital.6. John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.7.Ordrly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.8. You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.9

19、. Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profession.10. The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.Q1 1) Plan a succession management. 2) Define family employment practices 3) Estab

20、lish and maintain family harmony 4) Plan the estate.Q2 1) Seating an outside board of directors. 2) Developing a family business vision document. 3) Holding family council meetings.Unit 3Suggested Key to Vocabulary and Structure A. 1 -d 2 - f 3 - j 4 - a 5 - i6 - h 7 - g 8 - e 9 - c 10- b1. mobility

21、 2. toll 3. accommodate 4. landscape 5. sprawled 6. implement 7. legitimate 8. transit 9. electrified 10. pickupB.1. Integral 2. better off 3. sprawling 4. emissions 5. metropolitan 6. ban 7. commuters 8. clutter 9. accommodate 10. displacedC.1. from coast to coast 2. the great unwashed 3.revere 4.d

22、enounce 5. tore up 6. Short of 7. are noted for 8. constriction 9. was guilty of 10. well offD.1. C. overcrowded 2. B. worthy 3. A. sitting 4. D. recovered 5. D. in nonsmokers and nondrinkers 6. D. poured 7. B. unaware of 8. C. recent 9. C. out of the question 10. B. understandsE.1. move 2. drive 3.

23、 down 4. wheels 5. out 6. without 7. majority 8. imagine 9.realize 10. plagued 11. burns 12. that 13.to 14. what 15. But 16.done 17. altogether 18.on 19. electricity 20. practicalA.在历史上，吉普车以其能适应各种路况的出众性能而著称于世。这种美名可以追溯到二战期间，当时由威利斯公司提供的最初型号的吉普车载着盟军部队驰骋于太平洋沿岸及欧洲战场。一书认为，“吉普”这个名字起源于美国军队决定把这种车辆叫做GP（for Ge

24、neral Purpose）即多功能车之意。而后，GP这两个字母的读音被误发成为“吉普”，并成为威利斯公司享有的商标名称。1988年吉普为克莱斯勒公司所有，此后该公司投入了大量资金更新改造吉普车的生产设备，提高吉普车的产量并开发各种新车型应市。克莱斯勒公司称吉普车在战争年代享有的盛名以及其坚固耐用的形象无疑会有助于它在和平时期树立其作为休闲娱乐车的新形象。该公司说，吉普为休闲，越野车开发了新市场，它有强劲的4轮牵引装置（商业上称为4轮驱动），过去军用吉普车曾因此而享誉四方。B.1. The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was in

25、vented and soon displaced horses.2. We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on public mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill people.3. While wheels (automobiles) have brought with them better or more convenienttransportation, they are gu

26、ilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.4. Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.5. If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles.6. A highly developed hi

27、ghway network has made possible the easy movement fromcoast to coast in the United States.7. The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructedelectrified every visitor; the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago.8. Environmentalists have denounc

28、ed automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.9. Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitancities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.10. Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the exte

29、nsive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion.Unit 4Key to the stylistic comprehension of the text:1.Part One is from paragraph _3_ to paragraph _6_.Part two is from paragraph _7_ to paragraph _14_.Part three is from paragraph _15_ to paragraph _17_.2.The five re

30、asons for deciding to remain childless brought forward by the outspoken couple William Peck and Ellen Peck are A. They attach more importance to freedom,. Spontaneity, privacy and leisure.B. They want to give their efforts to the community.C. They fear that the younger generation will suffer from ov

31、erpopulation as they do now.D. They are afraid of divorce and child abuse.E. They are not sure whether they can become good parents.3. According to a professor of child psychiatry, the three reasons why many young people are not so interested in family life as their parents are: A. Parenthood life r

32、equires them to give up many things. B. There are many other opportunities for women to find meaning in their lives.C. They are concerned about their future and the future of their children.Vocabulary and StructureA. 1. a. coercive b. coerced2. a. preoccupationb. preoccupied3. a. reluctant b. reluct

33、ance4. a. adolescent b. adolescence5. a. implication b. implicit6. a. ambivalent b. adolescence7. a. maintenanceb. maintainability8. a. privacyb. private9. a. enthusiasm b. enthusiasts10. a . toleranceb. tolerable11. a. statisticiansb. statistically12. a. rationalb. rationalityB.1. cared for 2. in t

34、erms of3. lies behind4. rings a bell5. passed on to6. went against7. lining up8. chiming in9. am open to 10. brought upC.1.have evidencedhas evidenced2.that prevailedthat had prevailed3.associatingassociated4.raiseraising5.onto6.onto7.reluctancewillingness8.havehaving9.are the centerare not the cent

35、er10.This reflectsThis is reflectedD.1.Adolescents2.involved3.fact4.Tmon6.or7.employed8.fewer9.negative10.contribute11.Studies12.People13.Tend14.Drop15.GrownKey to the TranslationA一些观察家提出，我们正在看到的这种现象根本就不是什么重大变化，或许它和性革命一样，不是人们行为上的而是表达方式上的一种剧变。 | 一位住在康涅狄格州的精神分析学家说，“也许，一直就有那么一群与众不同的人存着。只不过

36、他们现在从隐蔽外走了出来，公开 表明了他们的观点，就像同性恋者那样。|我们这一时代的潮流就是干你想干的事而不是加以掩饰。这些人身上所反映的不是什么变革而是 人们现在越来越坦率直言的这样一个现象。B在最近几十年的时间里，人们渐渐地明白了一个事实，那就是：为数不多的妇女已不再接受并愿意扮演深居简出的传统母亲角色。许多人认为家庭的重要性正日益消失。妇女受教育程度的提高是造成这一文化的重要因素。如今，百分之八十的妇女完成了四年制的高中学习。而在1940年，完成这一阶段学习的妇女仅占百分之三十。这与现在美国妇女平均晚一年结婚有关。二十岁至二十四岁未婚者从1960年的28%上升到20世纪70年代的40%。

37、人们推迟了生儿育女的时间，只有不到10%的妇女是在结婚后两年内生孩子。除此之外，越来越多的妇女不想要孩子。工作、晚婚、不要孩子是近年来妇女作用发生变化的主要表现。1. Some professional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with issues closer to themselves.2. The higher a womans ed

38、ucational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.3. As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no mar

39、gin of love to spare others.4. The company put on the market a registered invention even without asking the inventors permission, which goes against the patent law.5. Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.6. Accord

40、ing to the rule that every member should remain childless, Mr. And Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Association, for they will attain parenthood soon.7. He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.8. In virtually every countr

41、y, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuseloon as most challenging social problems.9. When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about todays young people.10. Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to r

42、eceive a quick promotion in the competitive society.Unit 5A.1.A2.B3.C4.D5.B6.A7.D8.B9.D10.B11.CB.1.set him up2.fit in3.is thankful for4.hold down5.built up6.gone through7.weigh heavily on8.working out9.broken away10.let my parents downC. 1.C. will rely on2.D. have3.C. for which4.B. which5.A. coupled

43、6.A. a much greater variety7.B. find it difficult8.A. Acquiring9.C. himself10.C. endangeredD.1.ducers14.poor15.decent16.services17.expanding18.same19.burden20.confinedKey to the Translation from Englis

44、h into Chinese在不少拉丁美洲和亚洲的国家,老年化和贫困将引起许多新问题, 而这些问题对于工业化国家来说并不陌生, 但是这些国家拥有资源少得多。| 在使用有限资源时所遇到伦理道德问题将更为突出,为医疗保健和养老金提供资金可能成为这些国家面临的一件棘手的事。在许多国家,老年人的人数太少,政治上多半相当被动,以致无法成为一个能对长期政策施加有效压力来促进自身利益的团体。| 但随着其数量增多,这种状况正在改变，他们知道需要集结政治力量。| 到2030年将没有一个政治家大胆到敢于忽略三分之一这部份老年选民特别老年选民一般参加投票的人数要比其他选民多。Key to the Translati

45、on from Chinese into English1.Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage. 2.It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.3. At first we were worried ab

46、out their first stay in a foreign country but things there worked out much better for them. 4. Todays middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did and the aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years. 5.It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set

47、 students upto meet the challenges from society. 6. The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly. 7.There is an increas

48、ing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to try every possible means to free them up. 8.With the large elderly population in this country, financing of health care and pensions could care the devil out of the government. 9.The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting thei

49、r old beloved father down. 10.What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made themmore compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing homeUnit 6A.1.complexity2.wild3.surplus4.indifferently5.earthly6.acknowledge7.obviously/apparently8.diminish9.artificial10.destructiveB

50、.1-g2-j3-a4-f5-b6-h7-I8-ricate7.encroaching8.indispensable9.legitimate10.fertilityC.1.In short2.attributed to3.is up against4.were under the spell of5.at the expense of 6.regardless of7.Allowing for8.was involved in9.acting on10.v

51、ice versaD. 1.C. increases2.B. that of the general population3.B. largely self-contained4.A. in charge of 5.D. confused6.C. safety provisions7.B. that8.B. by which9.C. put10.D. much ofE.1.survival2.perceive3.public4.occupy5.lots6.hand7.restored8.fertility9.renewed10.dwellings11.wilderness12.transiti

52、ons13.agriculture14.even15.beyondKey to the translation from English to Chinese:A:正如诗人埃德蒙.斯宾塞在将近四百年前所说的那样，大自然是“最伟大的女神”。她似乎担任了上帝驻地球的总督的职务。斯宾塞把她描写成一位母亲和法官。| 她管辖着所有的生物之间的往来，并不分厚薄地给予他们权利，因为她是一位公正的母亲。她把他们紧密地联结在一起，就象兄弟姐妹。| 因而，在斯宾塞看来，生物繁殖及生物秩序的自然规律与公正原则显而易见地是联系在一起的。当我们得知斯宾塞认为大自然也具有公正原则的时候我们或许有点吃惊。| 然而，斯宾塞不仅以人类的手足之情而是以所有生物的手足之情为依据来坚持自然界有这么一位“公正的”法官。要是在当今，我们会说斯宾塞是以生态学作为其可靠依据的。B. 如果我们人类和大自然的固有关系不是相互对抗的，那么，它又是什么样的一种关系呢？| 对我们来讲，这