高中英语语法主谓一致;

1、,主谓一致的概念：主语和其谓语动词在人称 和数上保持一致。 主谓一致分为三种情况：,语法一致,内容一致,就近一致,主谓“三”一致,(1) 如果主语后面跟有with、together with, along with, but, except, like, in addition to, including, besides, as well as, as much as, rather than, more than 等短语再加一个 名词时，谓语动词仍与主语（第一个词） 保持一致。如：,a library together with 5000 books was given to our sc

2、hool as a gift. mr. johnson as well as his wife and children is visiting the great wall now. all but tom have gone to the cinema.,语法一致,(2) 用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是 同一个人、同一事物或同意概念时， 谓语动词用单数，否则用复数。如：,a teacher and writer is going to give us a speech. bread and butter is usually my breakfast. the professor an

3、d scientist has already come. a teacher and a writer are in the office.,语法一致,(3) 不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：,to learn english well takes effort. serving the people is my great happiness. when well go for an outing has not been decided yet. how he can speak so good english interests us all.,

4、语法一致,(4) 用 and 连接的并列主语被each，every，no 或 many a 修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：,each boy and each girl has been given a gift. no teacher and no student is in the classroom. every pen and every book _ ( lay ) on the desk already. many a boy and many a girl is interested in her lesson.,has been laid,语法一致,(5) each of + 复

5、数代词，谓语动用单数。 复数代词 + each，谓语动词用复数。如：,each of us has something to say. each of them has been given a piece of bread. we each have a dictionary. they each have done their work.,语法一致,语法一致,(6) none作主语，修饰可数名词复数时， 谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，但修饰 不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。 如：,none of us are(is) perfect. none of these books are(is)

6、 mine. none of his money has been found again. none of this worries me.,语法一致,(7) 名词如trousers, scissors, glasses, goods , clothes 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数， 但当它们前面有a pair of 或one pair of 修饰 时，谓语动词只能用单数。如：,my trousers are black. his glasses are expensive. a pair of trousers lies on my bed. a pair of glasses was

7、 given to me as a gift.,语法一致,(8) 形复意单名词如：news; 以-ics结尾的学科 名词如：physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如：the united states; 报纸名如： the new york times; 书名如：arabian nights天方夜谭；以及the united nations 等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。如：,arabian nights is full of interesting stories. the new york times is a popular reading materia

8、l for students. physics is my favourite subjects.,语法一致,(9) “a/an + 名词 + and a half”, “one and a half + 名词” “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时， 谓语动词要用单数。如：,an apple and a half is on the table. one and a half days has passed. the number of the students in our class is 63.,语法一致,(10) 百分数（或分数）+ of + 可数名词单数 （或不可数

9、名词）谓语动词用单数； 百分数（或分数）+ of + 可数名词复数， 谓语动词用复数。 如：,twenty percent of land has been turned into a playground. two thirds of the apple is rotten. sixty percent of the workers in the factory are women.,语法一致,many a/an + n. + v(单数）+ o. 表示复数的意思，译作 “很多”。如：,many a student is interested in english. 很多学生对英语感兴趣。 m

10、any a teacher has resigned. 很多老师已经辞职了。 many an apple has gone bad. 很多苹果已经坏了。 many a mistake has been made by him. 他犯了很多错误。,语法一致,（12） a (large) quantity of + n. + v + o. 动词的数由名词决定； a (large) ammount of + n. (不可数名词）+ v (单三）+ o. 谓语动词用单数，但是， large quantities of + n. (pl.or uc）+ v (复数）+ o. large ammounts

11、 of + n. (不可数名词）+ v (复数）+ o. 谓语动词用复数。,a large quantity of sugar has been put in the boiled water. large quantities of money have been wasted on the project. a larege ammount of time has been spent on english. large ammounts of time have been saved by the new invention.,语法一致,“this kind of + 复数名词” 作主语

12、时， 谓语动词用单数； “复数名词 + of this kind” 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。如：,this kind of apples was imported from america. apples of this kind were imported from america.,语法一致,(14) “a/an + 单数名词 + or two” 作主语时， 谓语动词用单数； “one or two + 复数名词” 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。如：,a day or two is enough for this work. one or two days are enough for

13、this work. a man or two is to be sent there to help them. one or two men are to be sent there to help them.,语法一致,（15）“a set of + 复数名词” 及 “a series of + 复数名词” 作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。如：,a series of debates was scheduled for the weekend. the sales man told me that a good set of tires was guaranteed to run at le

14、ast fifty thousand miles.,语法一致,(15) 在 “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 结构中， 定语从句中谓语动词的用复数；但如果one 前面有the only 修饰时，定于从句的谓语 动词只能用单数。 如：,mary is one of the students that have been invited to sing at the concert. mary is the only one of the students that has been invited to sing at the concert.,不定代词all, most, some

15、 等作助于书， 谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所指代的 名词的数。如：,内容一致,内容一致,（2）”the + 形容词（或分词）” 指一类人， 如：the rich (富人), the living (活着的人), the wounded (伤者）作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。 如：,the sick have been cured and the lost have been found. the rich are eager to help the poor. the wounded have been taken good care of . the living have to cheer

16、up and continue to live.,内容一致,(3) 用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看做一个 整体时，如：bread and butter(面包加黄油), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。如：,内容一致,（4）不定数量的词组，如：a part of, a lot of, lots of, one of, a number of, plenty of 等作主语时，谓 语动词的单复数取决于 它们所修饰的名词。如：,a part of the textbooks have arrived. a part of the apple has beeb e

17、aten up by the pig. a lot of people have heared the news. a lof of money has been spent on this project.,内容一致,(5) 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的名词作 主语，尽管是复数形式，它们作为一个单 一的概念时，其谓语动词用单数形式。如：,one million dollars is a lot of money. ten miles is a long distance. two years is enough is learn a foreign language.,就近一致,（1）由here, there, where 以及状语从句提前 构成的倒装句中，(有时主语不止一个时) 谓语与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：,here comes the bus. there is a pen, two books and three pencils on the desk. on top of the mountain stands a tower. where is your mother? where are your friends?,就近一致,（2）由连词or, either or, neither nor, not only but a