被动语态课件

1、被动语态,被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,He has to look after the little baby.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The little baby,has to be looked after,by,him.,改为被动语态,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,His brother wash

2、es bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：You are invited to do this. 2）一般过去时：The story was told by her. 3、情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.,看一看 想一想,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in th

3、at factory. 一般现在时： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,变为被动语态,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 情态动词：

4、,S+am/is /are +P.P S+was/were +P.P. S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.,何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house an

5、d It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that ,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。 例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989,五、主动语态变成被动语态需注意的几个问题,1、主动句中若有两个宾语，只将其中一个宾语变成被动句的主语，另一个不变。一般情况下，往往把表示人的宾语变成被动句的主语；如果把

6、表示物的宾语变为被动句的主语，则要在表示人的宾语前加介词to或for。常见的带双宾语的动词(V+sb. + sth. )：show, tell, ask , pass, , give, lend, send , return , teach,buy。 eg. Jim gives me a beautiful present for my birthday. I am given a beautiful present for my birthday. OR A beautiful present is given to me for my birhtday.,2、在主动句中动词make , l

7、et , have , see , hear, feel 等后接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，动词不定式须去掉to , 当变成被动句时，后面的不定式都须加上to。 如： Mother makes her do much housework . She is made to do much housework by Mother.,3、若主动句中的谓语动词为“动词短语”或由“不及物动词+介词或副词”构成时，变成被动语态时，注意不要省略掉动词后的介词或副词。如： We should speake to the old politely. The old should be spoken to poli

8、tely(by us) .4、主动句的谓语动词为have(has,had) to , be going to , be able to 的被动语态为： have (has, had) to / be going to / be able to +be +动词的过去分词。即：相当于情态动词的被动语态用法。 如：He is able to help you . You are able to be helped by him.,5、某些可和well ， easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如read， write， wash， clean ， draw， burn 等，不用被动， 如：The c

9、loth washes well。 This kind of food sells well。,1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.I found the ticket on th

10、e floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,

11、was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _ _ _ _ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Som

12、e wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike _ _ _ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students in this school study German. German _ _ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question ofte