主语从句(同步)

1、主语从句概念引入That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。Whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much. 她来不来都无关紧要。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这事。When the plane is to take off has not been announced .飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。语法讲解什么是主语从句？在复合句中由一个句子作主句的主语的从句叫主语从句。What mattersis not winning bu

2、t participating.I dont knowwhy he is always finding fault with me.My hometown is no longerwhat it used to be ten years ago. He expressed his hopethat he would come to Chengdu again. 其中划横线的部分就是名词性从句。 主语从句 引导词：1. 由what等代词引导的从句,表示“所 的(东西)”，实际上等于一个先行词加上一个定语从句，也可以由-ever等代词引导。 比如:What they are talking abo

3、ut is nothing valuable. What I really want is to have a good rest. Whatever she did is wrong.比较：Whatever she did, she is wrong. Whoever passes the exam can get 50 yuan.比较：Whoever passes the exam, I will give him 50 yuan.比较：Who passes the exam is still not clear. 2. 由that引导的主语从句,通常用形式主语it来代替。 That he

4、 has disappeared worries his parents.It worries his parents that he has disappeared. It is not likely that he can win the lottery. It is a big surprise that he is still alive.3. 由连接代词、连接副词或whether引导的从句。 When she will be back is still a question. Where they had put the files troubled the spy. Whether

5、 he will take part in the play is unclear. Whether or not he will go to Japan is up to her. 在下面5种情况下，只能用whether表示“是否”： 1) Whether he will come here still needs to talk about.It is not clear whether he will come here.2) I am not sure whether or not he will come here next week.Nobody knows whether the

6、 singer will come out or not.引导主语从句的连接词有三类： (1)连词that、whether :(从属连词）在从句中不作任何成分 Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.Whetherhellcomehereisntclear.That price will go up is certain.Whether we can go to picnic tomorrow is still a question. That the wounded soldier is still alive is a w

7、onder. That Mr. Zhou will come is certain. Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. (2)连接代词what, who,whom,whose, which,whoever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词在从句中充当主语，宾语, 表语或定语，不能省略。Whatshedidisnotyetknown.Who will write the poem has not been decided yet.Whatever he did is right.Whoever break

8、s the rule should be punished. Who will go makes no difference. Whom she loves is clear enough . 她爱的是谁已经够清楚了。Whose wallet was stolen must be made clear.谁的钱包被偷了必须被搞清楚。（3)连接副词 when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等。它们在句中充当状语，不能省略。此类主语从句也可以用带有形式主语it的句子转换。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.W

9、hen he will be back depends on the weather.How the pyramids were built is still a mystery.主语从句后置: 为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例:that we shall be late is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late. 1. That the earth is round is known to all. 2. That you missed the chance is a pity. 用i

10、t 作形式主语的结构A.It+系动词+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,unlikely, certain, probable,necessary, right, wrong, important, certain, clear, strange，etc.)+that从句。如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.B.It +系动词+名词词组+that从句(nowonder,no wonder, anhonor ,agoodthing,apity

11、,nosurprise, a shame, good news, a fact ,etc.)+that从句。如：Its no wonder that you have achieved so much success. 真可惜你没出席昨天的讲座。Its a pity that you didnt attend the lecture yesterdayC.It +be+过去分词 (said,told, reported,thought, expected,decided,announced,arranged, heard, suggested，etc.)+that从句。翻译成：据(说/报道/认

12、为/预测/决定/通知/安排/听说/建议 ） 如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.It +特殊不及物动词+that从句D . It+（seems/- ed , appears/-ed, happens/-ed, ）+that It seems that you are against (反对) the plan. 你似乎反对这个计划。It happened to me that I had been away when you called.E.It + doesntmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引

13、起的主语从句。如： Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeornot. 注：在主语从句中用来表示 “惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此， 要求，建议”等语时，谓语动词用 “should+ do” its necessary /important / strange /natural/+that sb. should do sth. It is a pity ( a shame, no wonder, etc.) that 。It is suggested (requested, proposed提议， desired请求 ) that sb. should do sth.

14、学生上课认真听讲是很重要的。It is important that the students should listen carefully in class.主语从句是英语写作中经常使用的句型，它常常借助于形式主语it， 请用it 改写以下句子：1. That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. It is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.2. That he knows nothing about it is strange.It is strange t

15、hat he knows nothing about it.3. When flood stuck the western areas wasnt reported. It wasnt reported when flood stuck the western areas. 4. Whether he can come or not depends on his parents.It depends on his parents whether he can come or not.5. That he didnt attend the meeting surprised us.It surp

16、rised us that the he didnt attend the meeting.6. Whether Class Five can defeat (战胜) Class Four isnt known yet. It isnt known yet whether Class Five can defeat (战胜) Class Four. 4. 主语从句需注意的问题1.“if” 不能引导主语从句，应由“whether”引导。2.主语从句中用陈述语序3.主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。4.“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词： 1）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定

17、。1. What you left are only several old books.2. What you said is of great importance. 3. Whetherhellcomehereis notclear. 4. if /whether 引导的主语从句5. 表示 “是否”意义时whether 引导的主语从句可以放于句首、句末，if引导的主语从句不能位于句首；但如果有形式主语it引导时，两者都可用。6. Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.7. Its doubtful whether /i

18、f the work can be completed on time. 8. 5.Wh 类连接副词或连接代词引导的主语从句可放于句首，也可放句尾。9. When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.It has not been made clear when the new road is open to traffic.wh-ever 引导的让步状语从句及名词性从句 比较下列句子：He believes whatever his wife says.( whatever= anything that 名词性从句)

19、He believes his wife whatever she says.(whatever= no matter what 让步状语从句)Whoever breaks the school rules should be punished. ( whoever= anyone who 名词性从句)Whoever breaks the school rules，he will be punished. ( whoever= no matter who 让步状从)巩固练习：选择正确的引导词1. It doesnt matter _ she will come or not. (whether

20、/that)2. _ we will start hasnt been decided. (when/which)3. _ team will win is unknown to us. (which/that)4. _ they can solve the urgent problem is under discussion.(that/how)5. _ comes here first will be given a book.(who/whoever)6. _ I can find my lost wallet is troubling me. (where/in which)7. _

21、they passed the exam is true. (which/ that)8. _ they really like is a peaceful world. (whatever/ what)翻译，根据中文意思在横线部分填上合适的内容：1. _remains a question. 他是否能来还是问题。2. _surprised me greatly. 他的发现使我非常吃惊。3. _is certain. 他之前学过英语是肯定的。4. _ will remain a puzzle forever. 他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。5. _ is unknown. 他生于何时还不知道。

22、6. _he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了那辆小车。7. _ is known now. 大家都已知道他昨天生了病。8. _is unknown. 谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。9. _ is all here. 他所要的东西都在这里。10. _are TV sets. 他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。11. _is that I can go up to him and thank him.我想做的事是走到身边去感谢他。12. _ they have different views. 他们看法不同是很自然的。13. _ he will not come. 很肯定的是他不

23、会来了。14. _5 people were killed in the accident.据说5个人在那场事故中死了。15. _ you should wash your hands before dinner. 饭前要洗手是常识。16. _ they lost the match. 遗憾的是他们输掉了比赛。17. We _ it _ she didnt come to attend the meeting yesterday. 我们觉得奇怪她昨天没来参加会议。18. _ was true. 他所讲的是事实。19. _ at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。20. _

24、 surprised her. 她看到的情况吓了她一跳。单项选择1.Thinking that you know _ in fact you dont is a serious mistake.AwhatBthatCwhenDhowever2.-Did Mr. Black resign his post as principal?-No,_ was telling a lie. Awhoever told you thatBthose who told you thatCNo matter who told youDAnyone told you that3. _ surprise us mo

25、st is that she doesnt even know _ the difference between the two lies. AWhat; whereBAll; whichCWhat; thatDThat; where4. _ I want to know is _ I can master English in the shortest possible time. AWhat; howBHow; whatCWhich; whatDWhat; what5. _ made her put on weight so quickly was _ she never limited

26、her diet. AWhich; /BWhat; whenCWhat; thatDThat; what6.It is no longer a problem _ the poor children in this district can go to school. AthatBwhetherCsoDbecause7.- Is it high time that we _ on the school building?- Yes, it _. Ado some repairs; is Bdo some repair; isCdid some repairs; isDdid some repa

27、ir; was8. _ he was ill, I was expected to take his place greatly surprised me for I didnt have much working experience. AIfBThat ifCThatDIf that9. _could be judged from her eyes that she was terribly sorry for what she _. AIt; had doneBThat；did CAs；didDAs；had done10. _fashions differ from country to

28、 country may reflect the culture difference from one aspect. AWhatBThatCThisDWhich11. _ this instrument should have put its work permit number on the box. AWho checkedBWhoever inspectedCNo matter who examinedDThose who estimates12. Many of the animals in Rowlings word are not real, and much of_ _hap

29、pens is strange. A whichB thatC whatD it13. _seems easy to some people seems difficult to others . AWhich BThatCWhatDWhatever14. It is no longer a question nowman can land on the moonAthat Bif C whether D what 15. in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail a

30、ccount. AIt requiresBIt is requiredCWhat requiresDWhat is required16. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. AwhereBwhatCthatDhow17. _ needs further discussion to decide whether we will _ the war operation.AIt; join inBThis; take part inCTha

31、t; join inDThere; attend18. As is known to all,_ Yang Liwei has become a space hero is _ we have expected. Awhat; thatBwhat; whichCthat ;whatDthat; which 19. _ some medals came to live in the sea is not known. AWhichBSinceCAlthoughDHow20. Its no long a question now _men can land on the moon. Athat B

32、whichCwhether Dwhat答案解析：选择正确的引导词1.whether 2.when 3.which 4.how 5.whoever 6.where 7.that 8.what翻译，根据中文意思在横线部分填上合适的内容：1. Whether he will be able to come2. What he had found3. That he learnt English before4. Why he did it5. When he was born6. It is possible that7. That he was ill yesterday8. Who has br

33、oken the glass / Who breaks the glass9. What he wants10. What they make in this factory11. What I want to do12. It is natural that13. It is certain that14. It is said that15. It is common knowledge that16. It is a pity / a shame that17. found , strange that18. What he said19. What he had hoped20. Wh

34、at she saw单项选择1. 答案： A 解析： 本题考查学生对主语从句和宾语从句的穿插理解。在that you know _ in fact you dont宾语从句中缺少一个能承前启后的联系；同时又作know和you dont know的宾语,因此只有A项,what疑问代词最充分。 2. 答案： A 解析：Mrs. Black 辞去校长职务了吗？没有，不管谁告诉你的，他都在说谎。Whoever引导的主语从句，相当于anyone who。如果选B，则those作主语，谓语应用were。 C项引导让步状语从句，不能引导主语从句；D项错误，应改为Anyone who told you that。 3. 答案： A 解析： 本题考查主语从句和宾语从句。句意：使我们感到惊异的是，她甚至不知道两者的区别在那里。第一个空所选之词引起主语从句且在句中作surprise的主语，故用what；第二个空所选之词引起宾语从句且在句中作lie的装语，故用where； 4. 答案： A 解析： 考查名词性从句。第一格是名词性从句中缺少宾语，故用what；第二格，表语从句缺引导词，由于从句中不缺少主要成分，所以不能用what，根据意思，我想知道的是我怎么能够在短时间内掌握英语。 5. 答案： C 解析： 考查名词性从句。第一空填what，引导主语从句，what在