大学英语四级阅读题文章精读(2)

1、姓名：_ 班级：_ 学号：_-密-封 -线- 大学英语四级阅读题文章精读(2)考试时间：120分钟 考试总分：100分题号一二三四五总分分数遵守考场纪律，维护知识尊严，杜绝违纪行为，确保考试结果公正。大学英语四级阅读理解题文章精选2passage twoeuropes gypsies, are they a nation?the striving of countries in central europe to enter the european union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continents gypsies （or ro

2、man） to be recognized as a nation, albeit one without a defined territory. and if they were to achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal placeat least a total population outnumbers that of many of the unions present and future countries. some experts put the figure at 4m-plus; some propo

3、nents of gypsy rights go as high as 15m.unlike jews, gypsies have had no known ancestral land to hark back to. though their language is related to hindi, their territorial origins are misty. romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon. other europeans （wrongly） thought them migrant egyptians,

4、 hence the derivative gypsy. most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers who drifted west from india in the 7th century.however, since communism in central europe collapsed a decade ago, the notion of romanestan as a landless nation founded on gypsy culture has gained ground. th

5、e international romany union, which says it stands for 10m gypsies in more than 30 countries, is fostering the idea of self-rallying. it is trying to promote a standard and written form of the language; it waves a gypsy flag （green with a wheel） when it lobbies in such places as the united bations;

6、and in july it held a congress in prague, the czech capital. where president vaclav havel said that gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal.at the congress a slovak-born lawyer, emil scuka, was elected president of the international tomany union. later this month a group o

7、f elected gypsy politicians, including members of parliament, mayors and local councilors from all over europe （osce）, to discuss how to persuade more gypsies to get involved in politics.the international romany union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for gypsies, but tha

8、t is not saying a lot. of the several hundred delegates who gathered at its congress, few were democratically elected; oddly, none came from hungary, whose gypsies are perhaps the worlds best organized, with some 450 gypsy bodies advising local councils there. the union did, however, announce its am

9、bition to set up a parliament, but how it would actually be elected was left undecided.so far, the european commission is wary of encouraging gypsies to present themselves as a nation. the might, it is feared, open a pandoras box already containing basques, corsicans and other awkward peoples. besid

10、es, acknowledging gypsies as a nation might backfire, just when several countries, particularly hungary, slovakia and the czech republic, are beginning to treat them better, in order to qualify for eu membership. the eus whole premise is to overcome differences, not to highlight them, says a nervous

11、 eurocrat.but the idea that the gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as europes largest continent wide minority, and one with a terrible history of persecution, is catching on . gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries. in romania, the country that still has the largest n

12、umber of them （more than 1m）, in the 19th century they were actually enslaved. hitler tried to wipe them out, along with the jews.gypsies deserve some space within european structures, says jan marinus wiersma, a dutchman in the european parliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners

13、should be responsible for gypsy affairs. some prominent gypsies say they should be more directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the european parliament. that, they argue, might give them a boost. there are moves afoot to help them to get money for, among other things, a gypsy university.one bi

14、g snag is that europes gypsies are, in fact, extremely heterogeneous. they belong to many different, and often antagonistic, clans and tribes, with no common language or religion, their self-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt. still, says, dimitrina petrova, head of the eur

15、opean roma rights center in budapest, gypsies shared experience of suffering entitles them to talk of one nation; their potential unity, she says, stems from being regarded as sub-human by most majorities in europe.and they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic. in slovakia and bulgaria, for instanc

16、e, gypsy political parties are trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in parliament. in macedonia, a gypsy party already has someand even runs a municipality. nicholas gheorge, an expert on gypsy affairs at the osce, reckons that, spread over central europe, there are now about 后为捷克总统。

17、8. a slovak-born lawyer 斯洛伐克出生的律师，1992年捷克斯洛伐克9. organization for security and cooperation in europe 简称osce，偶中安全合作条约组织，成立于1972.10. nation 一词有民族和国家的含义。这里主要指：民族。因为作为国家应有疆土，但吉普塞人有要求成立国家的想法，欧盟是国家加入地方，不是民族加入。11. electoral block 选举集团12. the might, it is feared, open a pandoras box already containing basque

18、s, corsicans and other awkward peoples.结构简析 pandoras box 潘多拉盒子喻种种麻烦事。潘多拉是主神宙斯命火神用黏土制成的第一个女性。宙斯命潘多拉带着一个盒子下凡。潘多拉私自打开盒子，于是里面的疾病，罪恶等各种祸害全部出来，散布于世。这里潘多拉盒子喻里面已有的各种麻烦的民族，吉普塞加入，了一份麻烦。参考译文 人们担心，若让吉普塞人作为一个民族代表，就会打开了一个潘多拉盒子，里面已经装有要独立的西班牙的巴斯克人，意大利的科西嘉人和其他难以对付的民族。写作手法与文章大意文章以对比手法环绕吉普塞是不是一个民族/国家，可不可以取得合法地位这一中心而写。

19、从人口上说，它的数量超过加入欧盟许多国家，应在欧盟中一席之底。但人口分散在各国，他是对抗的部落，还没有共同的语言和信仰。不像犹太人，它们没有回归的祖居地。它们成立了国际联盟，也选出了领导，在布鲁塞尔开设了办事处，想成立国会，但不知如何落实操作，只是极力游说欧盟和联合国等组织，以获得一个合法地位和发言权。这是欧盟日程表上一个问题，但欧盟等机构又担心，万一他们取得正式地位，那些国家中正闹分离和独立的民族也会提出同样的要求，就象潘多拉盒子那样，不能打开。答案祥解1. b. 他们是一个民族/国家吗?整篇文章环境这一点而写，文章一开始就提出中欧入欧盟的国家会给大陆吉普塞人一个机会，承认他们是一个民族国家

20、，虽然没有界定的领土（作为国家，应有领土）。吉普塞人的领袖人物也指出其人数超过欧盟中许多现在有的和将来要入盟的国家。他们至少要在欧盟中有一席之地。第二段提出，吉普塞和犹太人不同，他们没有可回归的祖居地。他们的语言属印欧语系。英国人认为他们来自埃及及移民。最可能的是七世纪时一些流浪的手工业工人和艺人从印度向西方流移。第三段涉及一种思想以吉普塞文化为基础的无疆土的吉普塞民族应有个说话的地方越来越为人接受。国际吉普塞人联盟声称代表30多个国家的吉普塞人，做了几件事：展开自我联合，提出语言标准和书面形式，在联合国进行游说活动时挥动吉普塞国旗，在布鲁塞尔设立办事处，六月在捷克首都布拉格召开会议。第四段集中讲到会上选出了联盟主席。一群选出吉普塞的政治家国会议员，市长，地方政务委员再次在布拉格开会，会议由欧洲安全合作条约组织召集，来讨论如何动员的吉普塞人参政。第五段涉及联盟雄心勃勃的宣布要建立国会，但如何实际操作还未落实。后面主要是外界对吉普塞的态度。第六段描述欧盟委员会在吉普塞作为最大的大陆少数民族，历史上遭到残酷的迫害，应赢得特别承认。19世纪他们横遭奴役，希特勒企图把它们和犹太人一起消灭。第八段讲了欧洲会议中有人提出吉普塞在欧洲机构中应有一席之地，还提议一个常务委员