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1、unit 1unit 2知 整合一、知 网 单词词汇词组castleaheadyard bear tower sign well-knowngaragemouse (pl.mice)unsuccessfuloperatestrictbeardimaginebuttonheatcigarettepermissiontypewritertobaccosmokerpacketnationhabitchancereducecomparethereforepublicdrugdislikesmellynon-smokersharehardlyclubtake along in the hope of l

2、ose heartday after dayinthiswaybringongo aheadburndowncompared togive upget into the habit ofbe usedtocompare with 法 从句的用法名 性从句作 和表 的用法交 路和 答 求、允 和 答二、 辨析1.seem/appear/look(1) 三者均 系 ,其后均可接形容 、名 作表 ,在很多情况下可互 :helooks/seems/appears honest.he looks/seems/appears an honest man.三者在 上有 微区 :look 指 印象 ;appe

3、ar 指外表 人的印象。 两者都可能是真象,也可能是假象, appear 的不确定性更大一些。 seem 指判断有一定根据,也不一定是事 。(2)look , seem 之后可以接介 like(appear 不能 )。(3)三者均可后接不定式,但look 后一般只限于to be 型。(4)三者均可用于it 开 的句子,但look 之后通常接as if/as though 引 的从句,appear和 seem 之后 可接 that 和 as if/as though 引 的从句。(5)在 there be 开 的句子里,可用seem, appear,一般不用look 。(6)appear 和 s

4、eem后接 that 从句 ,有 避免重复可用so(用于肯定 )和 not(用于否定 )代之, look 一般不 用。a : is he ill?b:it appears/seems so.(7)appear 和 seem不用于 行 ,但look 可用于 行 。2.be known as/be known for/be known to(1)be known as 作“ 出名 ,其后通常接表示一个人身份或 的名 。(2)be known for因 “ 出名 ,其后通常接表示人或事物特点、特 的 。(3)be known to 为 “ 所知 ,其后通常接表示人的 。3.country/natio

5、n/state第1页共11页这三个词都有 “国家 的意思,但用法各异。 country “国家 “国土 是不含任何感情色彩或引申意义的普通名词, nation 着重指彊土, 国土,家园。 nation 着重指人民, 可译作 “民族 “国民 ( 总称 ) ”。例: the chinese nation(中华民族 )。 state 着重指政权、国家机器。4.give up/give in/give back/give off/give outgive up 放弃,交出 ;give in让步,投降 ;give back 归还,送回 ;give off发出 (光、热、声、味等 );give out 分

6、发,用完,发出(声音、信号等)。三、句型必背a. i calledin the hope of finding her at home.people sent their sons and daughters abroad in hopes of giving them a goodeducation.we went therein the hope that we could get some help from him.b. he walkedas far as the post office.we didnt goso far as the others(did). so/as far

7、as i know he will be away for three months.c.he said he would come;he didn t , though.(he said he would come , but he didn t.) though it was so cold, he went out without a coat.he will come back for supper,thoughi don t know where.boy though/as he is,he knows a lot.(although/though he is a boy, he k

8、nowsa lot.) d. compare this with that,and you will see which is better.girlsare often compared to flowers. compared with/to many people, she was lucky. e. who got you into the habit of smoking? he fell/got into the habit of telling lies.they haven t yetformed the habit of thinking in english. i m in

9、 /i have the/a habit of brushing my teeth twice daily. he has broken off/got rid of the habit of drinking.i smoke onlyout of/from habit.四、灵活运用选用所给词语的适当形式填空1.seem/look/appear(1)the film star_beautiful.(2)they_well prepared ,but they had a lot to do.(3)he_to have lost something.(4)there_to be somethin

10、g the matter with her.(5)it_to be something the matter with her.(6)it_as if you are right.【答案】 (1)looks(2)appeared(3)seems/appears(4)seems/appears(5)seems/appears(6)seems/appears/looks2.country/nation/state(1)the king spoke on tv to the _.(2)they set up a_of their own where they would be free to kee

11、p negroes asslaves.第2页共11页(3)how many_are there in the world?【答案】 (1)nation(2)state(3)countries3.give up/give in/give back/give off/give out(1)he_his seat to an old woman.(2)the gas_ an unpleasant smell.(3)our money soon _ .(4)have you _ him_the money yet?【答案】 (1)gave up (2)gave off/gave out (3)gave

12、 out (4)given,back 典例剖析例 1 (2002 上海 )_ be sent to work there?a.who do you suggestb.who do you suggest that shouldc.do you suggest who shouldd.do you suggest whom should【解析】本题考查句子结构知识。suggest 后接宾语从句时,从句中的谓语动词多用(should)do 的虚拟语气形式。分析题干及各选项可知,do you suggest 应为句子的主句,而who be sent to work there为 suggest 后的

13、宾语从句。由于本句是特殊疑问句,因此将who 提到句首。选项b 多一个 that,选项 c 未把 who 置于句首,选项d 与选项 c 类似,且whom是宾格,因此b 、c、 d 都不对。【答案】a例 2 (2002 全国春季 )i think its going to be a big problem. yes, it could be. i wonder_ we can do about it.a.ifb.howc.whatd.that【解析】 本题考查宾语从句知识。主句谓语动词wonder 后接宾语从句。 在宾语从句中,do 为及物动词,后面需跟宾语,在所给的四个选项中,只有what 是

14、连接代词,可作宾语,而 that 和 if 都是连词,不能作宾语,how 是连接副词,也不能作宾语,因此选项c 为正确答案。【答案】c例 3(2001 上海春 )his daughter is always shy in_and she never dares to makea speech to_.a.the public;the publicb.public;the publicc.the public;publicd.public;public【解析】 本题从冠词的角度测试 public 的用法。 public 当 “公众 讲时,应使用 the pubic; 当“公共场合 讲时,应为 i

15、n public 。【答案】b补充:例 1 (2001 上海春 )what the doctors really doubt is_my mother will recoverfrom the serious disease soon.a.whenb.howc.whetherd.why【解析】doubt 表达的是肯定意义,若表语从句是肯定形式,则应选whether 引导表语从句, a 、 b、 d 三项语义欠妥。第3页共11页【答案】c例 2 (2000 上海 ) do you mind if i keep pets in this building? _.a.i d rather you d

16、idn,actuallytb.of course not , it s not allowed herec.great! i love petsd.no , you can t【解析】此 注意答 者委婉的表达, 上他很介意。【答案】a反 填空1.(2003 北京, 34)he did it_it took me.a.one-third a timeb.one-third timec.the one-third timed. one-third the time【解析】本 考生 英 中分数和倍数的表达方式的掌握情况。本 属形式判断,与 意并无必然 系,属于高考中的低档 。本 倍数表达方式:倍数

17、+名 ,例:one-thirdthe time 的三分之一;one-tenth the size of = one tenth as big as某物大小的十分之一。【答案】d2.mary will go with you_the next bus stop.a.as long asb.as far asc.so long asd.so far as【解析】as/so long as 可作 ,意 “只要 ”。 as far as 意 “和 一 ”。否定句中可用 so far as,此外。 as/so far as 有 “就 ,据 之意,因此正确答案 b。【答案】b3.sometimes we

18、are asked_the likely result of an action will be.a.that we thinkb.what we thinkc.what do we thinkd.that what we think【解析】本 考 从句。we think 插入 , 接代 what 在 从句中作be的表 。【答案】b4. excuse me, where is the nearest men s room? _ . thank you all the same. a.sorry , i m new here, too b.please ask the man over ther

19、e c.just look at the sign thered.it s none of my business【解析】由 thank you all the same( 我 是要感 你)可知,被 者是一个生人,不 路。【答案】a5.that kind of computer isvery expensive.i ll buy, one.a.thoughb.as well第4页共11页c.sod.instead【解析】though 此 用作副 , 意 “然而 “不 “可是 ,有逗号和前面的句子隔开。【答案】a6.the man has something wrong with his nos

20、e and has to have it_.a.operateb.being operatedc.operated ond.operated【解析】operate 此 不及物 ,意 “ 手 ,如果 “ 做手 应该说operate on sb.。本 考 的是 have sth. done 构,此 构中, 去分 作 ,表示被 , 用及物 。【答案】c7.i think that he must be looking up the information in the library,_?a.isn t heb.don t ic.do youd.mustn t he【解析】 在 i think 后接

21、 从句, 反意疑 句 , 根据从句确定 短 句形式,从句中 must 表示推 的情 ,意 “想必 “一定 ,只用于肯定句中, 根据must 后be looking up 来确定 形式,因主 he,所以 be 动词应为is。【答案】a8.(2003 上海, 25)i earn 10 dollars_hour as_supermarket cashier onsaturday.a.a;anb.the;ac.an;ad.an;the【解析】本 考生在特定 境中正确使用冠 的能力。 冠 关 是根据 境判断 名 是特指 是泛指, 熟 固定 中的冠 的使用。本 中10 dollars an hour是常用

22、 构,意 “每小 十美元 ”。又如: 4 yuan a kilo 一公斤四元 ;20 pounds a dozen 每打二十英 。超市中不止一名收款 ,“我 只是其中一 。故 用不定冠 。全句 作:“我在一家超市当收款 ,每小 十美元。”【答案】c9.i can hardly imagine peter_across the atlantic ocean in five days.a.sailb.sailingc.to saild.to have failed【解析】此 考 imagine 一 的用法。 后跟 名 而不跟不定式。【答案】b10.air pollution often_disea

23、se.a.brings onb.brings upc.brings outd.brings down【解析】 bring on 意 “引起 “促使 ,bring up 意 “教育 “培养 “呕吐 ;bring out 意 “拿出来 ,bring down 意 “降低 (价格等 ) ”。【答案】a11.my father is used to smoking and drinking.and there is no chance_i am ableto persuade him to_.a.which;stop themb.that;give them upc.that;give up them

24、d.whether;get rid of them第5页共11页【解析】 chance 后面所跟的是同位 从句,在此从句中that 是一 , 只起 接作用,不作任何成分,也没有意 。而give up 的 是代 ,只能放在give 和 up 之 。【答案】b12.the population of this city ,forty percent of which_ ,_20% in thelast three years.a.are germans;has risen byb.are germens;has fallen byc.is germans;have increased tod.is

25、 germans;have been reduced by【解析】 german 的复数 germans。 population 作主 , 人口多少 , 用 数,若 人口的身份或特征,后面作表 的名 是复数, 用复数。如:about twenty percent of the population in this town are workers。【答案】a13.the house was built over 100 years ago.but_fire_last night.a.a;burnt it outb.a;burnt it downc./;burnt it outd./;burnt

26、 it down【解析】 在指 “火灾 “炉火 ,fire 是可数名 。 burn down 意 “ “焚 “ 光 “ 尽 , burn out 意 “减熄 “ 完 ”。【答案】 b14.when you go abroad , you ll find it s difficult to get used to other country s_a.customsb.habitsc.practiced.instructions【解析】habit 指不断重复的一种行 ,一 以改 的个人 ;custom 指 期形成的 俗,包括社会 尚、礼 、 (habit) ,多指社会或群体的 俗、 。【答案】a1

27、5.ice in the past used to_used to_the air in a room.a.be;coolb.being;cooledc.be;coolingd.being;cooling【解析】 used to do sth.意 “ 去常常做某事 ;be/get used to(doing)sth. 某事 ;be used to do sth.意 “被用来做某事 ”。从句意分析可知,第一个空表示事 ,第二个空表示 “被用来做 , to 不定式符号,而不是介 。此句意思 被用来冷却屋里的空气。 ”【答案】 a16.does hellen live on this street?

28、 no.this is_leon lives.意 “ 于 (做 )“ 去常常做某“在 去冰曾 a.whatb.thatc.whend.where【解析】此 考 表 从句中 的用法。表 从句中主 成分已有,而 live 不及物 ,因而 中空白 状 。c、 d 两 可作状 ,但根据上文可知 是地点状 。【答案】d17._ our house, yours is a little bit larger.第6页共11页a.comparing withb.compared withc.comparing tod.compared to【解析】 此 考 分 在句中作状 ,根据句意 用 去分 ,表示被 。

29、句意 :“(你的房子 )同我 的房子比 起来,你的房子要大一点。 ” 【答案】 b18.this is a problem which_very careful thought.a.calls onb.calls forc.calls ind.calls up【解析】 call on 拜“ “号召 ”。call for要“求 “需要 ”。call in召“来 “召集 ”。call up 打“ ”。句意 : “ 是需要深思熟 的一个 ”。【答案】 b19.she went to a party and_she didner lessonststudy. ha.thoughb.thereforec

30、.otherwised.however【解析】 本 并列 and 接两个 句,因此句中不可再使用 。though( 虽然 ) ,otherwise( 否 ), however(然而 )均与 意不符。 therefore( 因此,所以 )与句意相符。上面句子也可 : she went to a party;therefore she didn study her lessons 或 she went to aparty and,therefore, she didn t study her lessons.【答案】b20.many people are still in_habit of wri

31、tingsilly things in_publicplaces.a.the;theb./;/c.the;/d./;the【解析】be in the habit of doing sth.意 “有 习惯 ”。 public places是复数名 ,泛指,前面不用定冠 the。【答案】c 合提升a. 完形填空it had been a pleasantly warm day ,without much wind,and with enough cloud to prevent theheat of the sun becoming too great.charles had spent a lo

32、ng time studying the1of the waterin the boat,and had discovered that,by evening ,it had2very slightly.this,it would seem ,must mean that the boat was not3 water,which was fortunate ,because any attempt to emptyit out suggested4 than he felt equal to.one other immediate problem had5his thoughtsfor a

33、few moments.this was the problem of harcourt.charles realized thathe6put poorharcourtinthe sea.it shouldbe simple matter and take nomore than a few seconds.charlesarranged in his mind exactly7it could most easily be done ,but his body did not react to( 反应)the8ofhis mind.charlestold himself that itwa

34、s his badlyburnthands thatwere thetrouble.and there was nothing to be done about them except not9them.but then ,suddenly ,almost without knowing how he did it,charles moved,stood up,bent10 thebodyof poor harcourt , lifted it and letitslipas11as possibleinto thesea.afterwards he stood in the stern( 船

35、尾 )of the boat for a long time ,watching the color of the sea 12 and the sky become increasingly farther off with the coming of the night.in a curious way he第7页共11页felt strangely happy.the problem of his13had not yet begun to trouble him.after a time charlesreturningsinterest in14showeditself in the

36、 simpleform ofhunger.with some difficulty, 15 the water in the boat ,he16its stores and found food andwater in air-tight tins.he also found a neat package wrapped in green oiled silk.he unwrapped itand found maps.neat,beautifully designed and17,spotlessly new,they18 his knees andhe was 19 alone in a

37、 world of water.at that moment these clean official maps,correct in everydetail, were as20 as the sound of a human voice, as cheering as a candle in darkness.1.a.levelb.temperaturec.amount(总数 )d.colour【解析】通览全文,应选level ,意思是:查理斯花了很长时间研究小船内水的深度。【答案】 a2.a.risenb.fallenc.sunkd.emptied【解析】由后边的 whichwasfor

38、tunate 可推知应是 fallen下“落,下降 ”。而 c 项 sunk是“下沉 的意思,这里是说水面下降的,故选b 项。【答案】 b3.a.taking onb.talking overc.taking upd.taking in【解析】take in 吸入。【答案】 d4.a.greater successb.greater effortc.greater hoped.greater space【解析】effort 是 “努力,费劲 的意思。这句话是说:任何人想把它清空意味着要付出比他想象的要多的力气。【答案】 b5.a.heldb.interruptedc.takend.tied【解

39、析】 held 在这里有 “控制 之意,另一个随之而来的问题让他思索了相当一段时间(控制他的思维相当一段时间)。 b、 c、d 三项都不合文意。【答案】 a6.a.was able tob.was toc.shouldntd.couldnt【解析】be to do 表示将来,文章是叙述过去的事,故用过去将来时。【答案】 b7.a.whenb.wherec.howd.why【解析】查理斯很明白如何做最容易,所以此空用how,而不是 where、when、why 。【答案】 c8.a.bottomb.suggestionsc.braind.middle【解析】 suggestions 在这里是 “

40、建议 的意思。但是他的身体没有对他脑子的建议做出反应。【答案】b9.a.mentionb.warmc.cleand.use第8页共11页【解析】由前 知,他打算把 些 西扔到海里,扔了自然不能用了。【答案】 d10.a.downb.overc.forwardd.into【解析】由下文他把 harcourt 起知,此 ,他弯下腰(在 harcourt 的身体上方 )。【答案】 b11.a.lightb.gentlyc.smoothlyd.fast【解析】light 表示重量少、 ,而gently 形容 作 柔。【答案】 b12.a.deeplyb.deepc.deepend.deeper【解析】

41、deepen 是 ,海水的 色 深, 由本句 中and 后 的内容可以看出 里 用 深 (加深 )之意。【答案】 c13.a.rescueb.handsc.boatd.escape【解析】rescue 当名 ,意思是 “解救、解 ”。【答案】 a14.a.workingb.studyingc.livingd.watching【解析】 be interested in living , living 在 里作名 , “生存之道,生 ”。因 下文 他 找到食物和水。【答案】c15.a.exceptb.in spite ofc.instead ofd.owing to( 由于 )【解析】the wa

42、ter in the boat 是 difficult的一个 解 。只有 d 表示 “因 的意思。【答案】d16.a.exploitedb.explodedc.examinedd.explained【解析】 exploit利用或开 (尤指 藏和其他自然 源)。explode 是爆炸、 (感情 )迸 。explain 解 。由文章意思 c 。【答案】c17.a.writtenb.printedc.publishedd.hidden【解析】 和印刷都很整 、漂亮。而a 、c、 d 三 均不合文意。【答案】b18.a.lay downb.lay acrossc.lay ind.lay about【解

43、析】across 横 (某物 )。 lay across his knees 横放在膝盖上。【答案】b19.a.especiallyb.suddenlyc.no longerd.no less第9页共11页【解析】有地图看,在水包围的世界里,他不再孤独了。【答案】c20.a.comfortingb.interestingc.frighteningd.admiring【解析】在如此困难的境地,有地图为伴,对他是一种安慰,像人的声音一样。【答案】ab. 阅读理解socialinsects live in the form of societies whichin some waysare simi

44、lar tohumansocieties.inboth types of societies there is a division oflabor.in insectsocieties certaininsectshave the duty of reproduction;the workers collect food while the soldiers defend the land.in thesame wayhuman groups such as farmers and shopkeepers have specialized functions( 作用 )inproducing

45、 goods and providing services to the society.insects and human societies are also alike in which individual( 个体的 )membersofthesociety work together.white ant workers work together to build nests.similarly in human societies,engineers, architects(建筑师 ), town planners and construction workers unite to

46、 build cities.the nests of social insects are as complex( 复杂 )as a man-made city.in some insect nestsspecial places are provided for the young and for food storage.many nests also have devices(设备 )for regulating the temperature.so insect nests are as functional as human houses.it is not surprising ,therefore, that many similarities have been made between social insectsand human societies.it must not be forgotten , however, that insect social behavior( 行为 )isdetermined by nature.insects show no abili

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