[毕业设计精品]数控机床的加工与操作方法

毕业论文设计题目数控机床的加工与操作方法年级专业建筑工程系数控专业08级数控技术082班学生姓名指导教师2010年12月26日目录摘要1前言2第1章零件的分析与材料的选择311零件的分析3111零件图3112零件的技术要求分析3113零件的工艺分析312毛坯的选择5121确定毛坯的制造形式5122基准的选择5第2章零件加工工艺设计621工艺规程设计6211连接轴加工的工艺路线6212机械加工余量，工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定622车削用量的选择7221加工条件7222计算切削用量7223精车加工8224车螺纹8第3章零件的加工931加工步骤932编辑程序1033加工零件12总结15参考文献16致谢17A11A2A317A2摘要随着科学技术飞速发展和经济竞争的日趋激烈，机械产品的更新速度越来越快，数控加工技术作为先进生产力的代表，在机械及相关行业领域发挥着重要的作用，机械制造的竞争，其实质是数控技术的竞争。本次设计就是进行典型轴类零件的数控加工方法与编程，侧重于该零件的加工与操作的确定及加工程序的编制。并绘制零件图、数控G1235G11507操作图。用G42代G11733编制该零件的数控加工程序，并G19480G1209编程、数控G1235G11507操作G12573。G17902G17819G4557G16850G20076的G1231G2165分析，先G6238零件图G11023G1998来，G4557零件图进行分析，确定零件的加工工艺。G7693G6466G11023G1998的零件图编G1901程序，G4557程序进行G7828G20576G7692G4557，G4557确定准确G3921的程序进行加工。关键词数控加工G727加工工序G727操作方法A12A2A317A2前言本G8617业设计为数控机G5214的加工与操作方法，是G7693G6466G16280定的设计G17819程、相关工艺及G6164学G16850程G13792编G1901的。本设计G1082的G1881G4493G2265G6336G726G11458G5417、G8617业设计G6363G4560G1082、G8617业设计G16840G7138G1082、G2454G13783G7003G10498G12573。G8504G8617业设计力求G12538G2524设计G7643准，G9397G17287设计要求。G16826G13466G16840G7138G1114连接轴的加工方法，G1209及数控机G5214的G1867G1319操作方法，零件典型G18108G1313的加工G12573。在编G1901G8504设计G1082的G17819程G1025，G5483G2052G1114G14005G7003G1274G13781G5084和相关G2528学的G3835力G6915G6357和G9921G5785G5122G2173，在G8504G16892G1209G14280G5859。就G6117G1022G1166G13792G16340，G6117G5088G7407G14033G17902G17819G17837次G8617业设计G4557G14270G5061G7422来G4570G1186G1119的工作进行G980次G17878G5224G5627G16769G13463，G1186G1025G19215G9872G14270G5061分析G19394G20076、G16311G1927G19394G20076的G14033力，为G1182G2530G2454加本G999业的工作G6183G991G980G1022G14403G3921的基G11796。A13A2A317A2第1章零件的分析与材料的选择11零件的分析111零件图A0A4A5A4A6A7A8112零件的技术要求分析G7081G709零件的技术要求G1039要G7389G726加工表G19766的形G10378精度G708G2265G6336形G10378尺寸精度和形G10378G1856G5058G709G727G1039要加工表G19766G1055G19400的相G1126G1313G13634精度G708G2265G6336G17329G12175尺寸精度和G1313G13634G1856G5058G709G727加工表G19766的G12907G12973度及其G4439方G19766的表G19766质量要求G727G7082G709G9921G3800理及其G4439要求A9A10A11A12A13A14A15A16A17A18A19A20A21A22A23A24A25A19A26A16A27A28A29A30A16A27A28A31A32A33A34A35A36A28A37A38A39A16A17A40A41A18A27A28A21A42A43A26A16A27A28A21A16A44A45A46A47A48A49A50A51A52A24A53A54A55A56A31A57A11A12A13A18A58A59A48A49A60A29A14A15A16A17A19A20A61A21A11A12A13A18A62A48A48A49A63A64A65A62A48A36A66A22A67A68A69A35A70A71A18A72A73A21A74A75A43A76A69A71A77A78A48A49A79A80A81A82A83A84A31113零件的工艺分析G7081G709连接轴共G73893组加工表G19766，G4439们G1055G19400G7389G980定的G1313G13634要求，G1867G1319分述如G991G726A854A86A8717A861G709G120945为G1025心的加工表G19766。G17837G980组加工表G19766G2265G6336G726外圆及倒角、端G19766。如G991图G6164示G726A88A89A90A912G709G120940和M302为G1025心的加工表G19766。G17837G980组加工表G19766G2265G6336G726外圆及倒角、退刀槽、端G19766、螺纹。如G991图G6164示G726A88A89A90A923G709G120935为G1025心的加工表G19766。G17837G980组加工表G19766G2265G6336G726G1881圆及倒角、端G19766。如G991图G6164示G726A88A89A90A93由G1209上分析可知，G4557于G178373组加工表G19766G13792G16340，可G1209先加工其G1025G980组表G19766，然G2530再加工其他两组表G19766，并保证G4439们G1055G19400的G1313G13634精度要求。A855A86A8717A8612毛坯的选择121确定毛坯的制造形式A88A89A90A94A95A96G7693G6466零件的工作G5785况，零件的材料为50CR，要承受较G3835的循环载荷、冲击载荷G12573，G6164G1209毛坯形式采用G19215件，其晶粒G13466小，较均匀、G14280密，可G1209保证零件工作时的可靠G5627，由于该零件为G1025批生产，G6164G1209为G1114提高生产率，保证加工质量，故采用模G19215成型。122基准的选择G7081G709G12907基准的选择由于该零件为普G17902的轴类零件，故选外圆为G12907基准。G7082G709精基准的选择选轴前端的圆锥孔和G2530端孔倒角作为精基准。A976A98A9917A98第2章零件加工工艺设计21工艺规程设计211连接轴加工的工艺路线外圆加工的方法很多，基本加工路线可归纳为四条。G12907车半精车精车G4557于G980般常用材料，G17837是外圆表G19766加工采用的最G1039要的工艺路线。G12907车半精车G12907磨精磨G4557于黑色金属材料，精度要求高和表G19766G12907G12973度值要求较小、零件需要淬硬时，其G2530续工序只G14033用磨削G13792采用的加工路线。G12907车半精车精车金刚石车G4557于G7389色金属，用磨削加工G17902常不易G5483G2052G6164要求的表G19766G12907G12973度，因为G7389色金属G980般比较软，G4493易堵塞沙粒G19400的空隙，因G8504其最终工序多用精车和金刚石车。G12907车半精G12907磨精磨光整加工G4557于黑色金属材料的淬硬零件，精度要求高和表G19766G12907G12973度值要求很小，常用G8504加工路线。经分析比较，G4557于本G7003G6164加工的典型轴类零件，G4570采用“G12907车精车”的车削方式，即分别G4557本零件的两G1022端G19766、外圆、镗孔、圆弧、切槽、螺纹七G1022步骤进行G12907加工和精加工。212机械加工余量，工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定该零件的材料为50CR，硬度为HBS220250，生产类型为G1025批生产，G5224采用在G19215锤上G2524模模G19215生成毛坯。G7693G6466上述原始资料及加工工艺，用查表法分别确定各加工表G19766的机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸。为简化模G19215毛坯的外形，取直G5464为40的各G8585的毛坯尺寸与45相G2528。毛坯直G5464的确定G726工件最G3835直G546445，G1856G50580013，机械加工G5647余量G7262G1122G14045G1403G1401G14006G12G7292311毛坯尺寸为5022G80G80取毛坯直G5464为5022G80G80。G7081G709毛坯G19283度G47的确定G726查G457工艺G6175G1888G458表152可知G7271G1250的G19283度方G2533的加工余量为20G80G80A1007A101A10217A101G47A103G3277G80G802G1245及G1209G2530的外圆G19283度方G2533的加工余量为325G80G80G47A104G7292725G5647G19283G47G72977G142725G327705G80G80，G7693G6466工艺需要，因G8504毛坯G5647G19283度为7705G80G80。查G708G457工艺G6175G1888G458表151G709G7082G709毛坯G17819G9205倒角的确定G726查表152取G47A103G8585G17819G9205G2052G47A104G8585的毛坯倒角CG7292G80G80。毛坯的倒角尺寸取CG7292G80G80，外倒角尺寸取CG7292G80G80。22车削用量的选择221加工条件工作材料G72650CRG19062G8503G9791，G179A105G7290735G42G51G68，模G19215。加工要求G726车两端G19766，G6183G1025心孔，G12907车各外圆表G19766机G5214G726CG466163G2363式车G5214G708G41G36G49G56C0G44G709刀G1867如G991表G6164示G726序G2507式G7691类型材料1G708G5501G709G280G101外圆车刀硬质G2524金2G708G5502G709107G101镗刀硬质G2524金3G708G5503G7094G80G80G4497切刀硬质G2524金4G708G5504G70960G101螺纹刀硬质G2524金A106A107A108A109A110A111222计算切削用量1G709G12907车加工G12907车加工G5647余量G72902G80G802G709进G13485量G726G7693G6466刀G1867的G2454数选G73G729060G28G80G80G18R，G6365CG466163机G5214G16840G7138G1082选G73G32052G80G80G18R表26G13520上，确定进G13485量为G41G3205A1008A101A10217A1013G709G17728速G726机G5214G1039轴G17728速G726G81A112G7291000G89G18G177G71G90G72910001623G18G1131445G12G729538RG18G86G708323RG18G80G76G81G709G6365CG466163机G5214G16840G7138G1082，与323RG18G80G76G81相G17829的机G5214G17728速为305RG18G80G76G81及370RG18G80G76G81，G10628选370RG18G80G76G81，G6164G1209确定G17728速SG32400223精车加工1G709进G13485量G726G7693G6466刀G1867的G2454数选G73G7290104G80G80G18R，G6365CG466163机G5214G16840G7138G1082选G73G32022G80G80G18R表26G13520上，确定进G13485量为G41G32022G709G17728速G726机G5214G1039轴G17728速G726G81A112G7291000G89G18G177G71G90G72910001623G18G1131445G12G729638RG18G86G6365CG466163机G5214G16840G7138G1082，与638RG18G86相G17829的机G5214G17728速为623RG18G86及683RG18G86，G10628选683RG18G86，G6164G1209确定G17728速SG32700224车螺纹A109A113A106A107A108A107A114A115A116A117A118A119A120A121A122A123A124A125A126A127A110A128G12871制螺纹G1856G12228直G54646101620243036螺G1732910152025303540G10285G9157G708半G5464量G709064G280G287412G28G2816241G284G28227325G288切削次数及G13984G2519刀量G708直G5464量G7091次07080G28101215152次040606070707083次020406060606064次01604040406065次01040404046次0150404047次0202048次01503G28次022车螺纹程序采用G726螺纹切削G2345G980G3278定循环G708G42G282G709圆G7621螺纹G6363G1208G7696式为G726G42G282G59G11G56G12G61G11G58G12G41G30车本零件螺纹程序G1867G1319如G991G726M03S300G550404G4200G5935G612G42G282G592G281G6123G4120G42G282G59285G6123G4120G42G282G5927G28G6123G4120G42G282G59275G6123G4120G42G282G59274G6123G4120A1009A101A10217A101第3章零件的加工31加工步骤G7081G709加工G7092螺纹G18108分外圆与G1881孔，如G991图G726A129A130A131A132G7082G709加工G7389螺纹G18108分外圆、退刀槽G12573，如G991图G726A129A130A131A133A13410A135A13617A135（3）具体步骤32编辑程序G500001G4910G550101G4920G42G28G28M03S400G4930G4200G5952G612G4940G4271G561G5305G11G12907车外圆G12G4950G4271G5160G52G280G5602G580G4105G12907车G7092螺纹G18108分外圆精车G7092螺纹G18108分外圆G12907镗G7092螺纹G18108分G1881孔精镗G7092螺纹G18108分G1881孔零件G16855G3848G16025G3853G12907车G7389螺纹G18108分外G17730G5287精车G7389螺纹G18108分外G17730G5287切槽G92车螺纹A13411A135A13617A135G4960G4201G5943G4105G4970G610G4980G5945G612G49G280G6127G49100M03S700G708精车外圆G709G49110G4270G5160G52G280G49120G4201G59100G49130G61100G49140G550202G708G12907镗G1881孔G709G49150M03S400G49160G4200G5910G612G49170G4271G561G5305G49180G4271G511G280G52230G5602G580G4105G491G280G4201G5917G4105G49200G610G49210G5915G612G49220G6127G49230G5910G49240M03S700G708精镗G1881孔G709G49250G4270G511G280G52230G49260G4201G595G49270G612G49280G59100G492G280G61100G49300M05G49310M30G500002G4910G550101G4920G42G28G28M03S400G4930G4200G5950G612G4940G4271G561G5805G11G12907车外圆G12G4950G4271G5160G52140G5602G530G4105G4960G4201G5928G4105G4970G610G4980G5930G612G49G280G6125G49100G5935G49110G4203G5935G6147G5330G4105G49120G4201G5935G6154G49130G4203G5941G6157G533G49140G4201G5950G6157G49150M03S700G708精车外圆G709G49160G4270G5160G52140A13412A135A13617A135G49170G4201G59100G49180G61100G491G280G550303G708切槽G709G49200M03S400G49210G4200G5950G612G49220G4201G5935G6125G4105G49230G5924G49240G5950G49250G612G49260G4200G59100G49270G61100G49280G550404G708车螺纹G709G492G280G4200G5935G612G49310G42G282G592G281G6123G4120G49320G42G282G59285G6123G4120G49330G42G282G5927G28G6123G4120G49340G42G282G59275G6123G4120G49350G42G282G59274G6123G4120G49360G4200G59100G49370G61100G49380M05G493G280M3033加工零件G7081G709程序G17767机G7669G19443G3921程序G1055G2530，确定G7092G16835，G6365G991程序编G17765G6365G19074，进G1849程序编G17765G10378G5589G726A137A138A139A138A13413A135A13617A135G7082G709G17767G4448程序G1055G2530，G6365G991G6365G19074，G16765机G5214G3250零。G7083G709G4557刀G726G4557刀采用G16809切法，G6365G991G6365G19074，进G1849G463外形G464G4557刀编G17765G10378G5589G726A137A138A139A140G59轴方G2533G726G1039轴G17728G17227来，G16765刀G5942G5942靠G17829工件，G8851G61轴方G2533G16809切工件外圆，G8851G61轴方G2533G12239G1998刀G1867，G1039轴G1584G17728，G8991量工件外圆直G5464，在图35G1025相G5224刀G2507、方G2533上G17767G1849G8991量值，再G6365G991G8991量G6365G19074。G61轴方G2533G726G1039轴G17728G17227来，G16765刀G5942G5942靠G17829工件，G8851G59轴方G2533G16809切工件外圆，G8851G59轴方G2533G12239G1998刀G1867，G1039轴G1584G17728，G8991量工件外圆直G5464，在图35G1025相G5224刀G2507、方G2533上G17767G1849G8991量值，再G6365G991G463G8991量G464G6365G19074。A141A142A143A144A14514A146A14717A146G7084G709加工零件，G6365G991G6365G19074，进G1849G14270G2172G17828行G10378G5589，选择G2345G8585G708G709G6183G5332G1931G2376G9094，G2563G2172机G5214G708G709，G2345G8585进行G1972次G1055G2530，G7422G1998G10628G19394G20076，取G9052G2345G8585进行零件加工，直G2052零件加工G4448成。如G7389G19394G20076G2029G7254G1584机G5214，G16311G1927G19394G20076。G7085G709成品图G726A141A142A143A144A148A149A150A151A152A153A154A155A14515A146A14717A146总结G8617业设计是G3835学学G1076G19466G8585G980次G19762常G19602G5483的理G16782与实G17353相G13479G2524的机G1262，G17902G17819G17837次G13007G13491的设计，G1363G6117G6682G14085G1114G2345G13443的学理G16782知G16794G10378G5589，实G19481设计提高G1114G6117G13520G2524G17828用G6164学G999业基G11796知G16794G2447G16311G1927实G19481G19394G20076的G14033力，G2528时G1075提高G1114G6117查G19417G7003G10498资料，设计G6175G1888，设计G16280G14551G1209及电脑制图G12573其他G999业G14033力水平，G13792且G17902G17819G4557数控知G16794整G1319的掌握，G4557局G18108的取舍，G1209及G4557G13466节的斟酌G3800理，都G1363G6117的G14033力G5483G2052G19215G9872，经G20576G5483G2052G1114丰富，并且G5859志力和耐力都G5483G2052G1114不G2528程度的提升。G6117想G17837就是G6117们进行G8617业设计的G11458的G6164在吧。G6117G4557数控G1235G11507G13007G13491的特点和数控机G5214的刀G1867材料和G1363用G14551围G7389G1114较G9157刻的G1114G16311，基本掌握数控机G5214刀G1867的选用方法G727经G17819数控技G14033实G16769，G4557数控技术G7389G1114更G9157的理G16311G727经G17819编制零件的加工程序，基本熟悉数控编程的G1039要G1881G4493及步骤、编程的种类、程序的G13479构与G7696式，G4557其G7389G1114进G980步的认G16794。虽然编G1901设计G1082比较繁重，但在编G1901设计G17819程G1025G17902G17819G14270G5061不断的学G1076，尤其是G14270G1039学G1076和实G17353G1209及实G20576，G6117克服G1114许多的困G19602，G17837种成就感G1363感G2052十分的喜悦和兴奋。A15616A157A15817A157参考文献1穆国岩数控机G5214编程与操作机械工业G1998版社，20072余英G14403数控加工编程及操作北京高G12573教育G1998版社，20043张超英数控机G5214加工工艺编程北京高G12573教育G1998版社，20034姜勇G36UTOCG36D辅G2173机械制图G1166民邮电G1998版社，20085黄康美数控加工实G16769教程电子工业G1998版社，2004A15917A160A16117A160致谢在G8504即G4570G8617业G1055G19481，G6117G11507诚的感谢每G980G1313G13781G5084和G2528学，感谢你们G4557G6117的精心关照，G7389G1114你们，G6117G3835学的三年是变G5483如G8504的G7389G5859义，G7389G1114你们，G1363G6117G8617业设计G7389G1114质的提升。你们的G980字G980句G6117都