2016年广播电视大学《岩土力学》期末复习试题及参考答案资料小抄(专升本必备)

电大岩土力学期末复习试题及参考答案资料小抄一、填空题（每空1分，共25分）1土的颗粒分析试验最常用的室内试验方法有和。2土的不均匀系数CU曲率系数CC。3土的压缩性指标可以用和来表示，EP曲线愈陡，土的压缩性就愈（高、低）。4土的抗剪强度试验的目的，是测定土的抗剪强度指标和。5某土单元体抗剪强度指标C20KPA，大主应力1400KPA，则该单元体小主应力318KPA时，该土处于极限平衡状态，若3200KPA，该土处于状态。6表示岩石吸水能力的物理指标有和，两者的比值被称为，它对于判别岩石的具有重要意义。7岩石的破坏形式、。8均质岩石破坏面与主应力面总成一定的关系，当抗压破坏时，破裂面与最大主应力成角，当拉断时，破裂面就是。9无裂隙围岩的应力计算方法有和。10岩滑根据滑动面的形式，组合可分为，和。二、判断题（每题2分，共10分）1不均匀系数CU愈大，说明土粒愈不均匀。（）2土的压缩模量是指在安全侧限条件下竖向应力增量与竖向应变之比。（）3根据莫尔库伦准则可证明均质岩石的破坏面法线与大应力方向间夹角为（）245O4由于洞室围岩的变形和破坏而作用于支护或衬砌上的压力称为山岩压力。（）5岩石浸水饱和后强度降低的性质称为岩石的软化性，用软化系数表示。（）三、简答题（每题5分，共25分）1土的级配曲线的特征可用哪两个系数来表示这两个系数是怎样定义的2什么叫土的抗剪强度常用的试验方法有哪些3什么叫滑坡滑坡滑动面的形式有几种4直剪破坏试验全过程曲线可分几段各区段的特点是什么岩石直剪破坏试验全过程曲线如图所示0123456702143NMVMMPA0FFFFF四、计算题（每题10分，共40分）1某试样，在天然状态下的体积为140CM3，质量为240G，烘干后的质量重为190G，设土粒比重为267，试求该试样的天然容重、含水量、孔隙比、饱和度。2有一8M厚的饱和粘土层，上下两面均可排水，现从粘土层中心处取得2CM厚的试样做固结试验（试样上下均有透水石）。试样在某级压力下达到60的固结度需要8分钟，则该粘土层在同样的固结压力作用下达到60的固结度需要多少时间若该粘土层单面排水，所需时间为多少（12分）3某岩样C20KPA，若该岩样受到最小主应力，最大主应力，试判断该岩30KPA30KPA501样是否处于稳定状态4某圆形洞室围岩25千牛/米3，埋置深度H160米，洞的半径米。设折减后的凝聚力MPA，70R2C，求松动压力。31系数K1曲线系数K2曲线参考答案一、填空题1土的颗粒分析试验最常用的室内试验方法有筛析法和比重计法。2土的不均匀系数CU曲率系数CC。106D601230D3土的压缩性指标可以用压缩系数AV和压缩指数CC来表示，EP曲线愈陡，土的压缩性就愈高（高、低）。4土的抗剪强度试验的目的，是测定土的抗剪强度指标内摩擦角和凝聚力。5某土单元体抗剪强度指标C20KPA，大主应力1400KPA，则该单元体小主应力318218KPA时，该土处于极限平衡状态，若3200KPA，该土处于稳定状态。6表示岩石吸水能力的物理指标有吸水率和饱和吸水率，两者的比值被称为饱水系数，它对于判别岩石的抗冻性具有重要意义。7岩石的破坏形式脆性破坏、延性破坏、弱面剪切破坏。8均质岩石破坏面与主应力面总成一定的关系，当抗压破坏时，破裂面与最大主应力成角，当拉断时，245破裂面就是最大主应力面。9无裂隙围岩的应力计算方法有内应力分配法和抗力系数法。10岩滑根据滑动面的形式，组合可分为平面滑动，楔形滑动和旋转滑动。二、判断题1不均匀系数CU愈大，说明土粒愈不均匀。（）2土的压缩模量是指在安全侧限条件下竖向应力增量与竖向应变之比。（）3根据莫尔库伦准则可证明均质岩石的破坏面法线与大应力方向间夹角为（）245O4由于洞室围岩的变形和破坏而作用于支护或衬砌上的压力称为山岩压力。（）5岩石浸水饱和后强度降低的性质称为岩石的软化性，用软化系数表示。（）五、简答题（每题5分，共25分）1土的级配曲线的特征可用哪两个系数来表示这两个系数是怎样定义的答不均匀系数和曲率系数UCC，106DU60123DC，为粒径分布曲线上小于某粒径的土粒含量分别为10，30，60时所对应的粒径。10D362什么叫土的抗剪强度常用的试验方法有哪些土的抗剪强度是指土体对于外荷载所产生的剪应力的极限抵抗能力。抗剪强度试验的方法有室内试验和野外试验等，室内最常用的是直剪试验、三轴压缩试验和无侧限抗压强度试验等。野外试验有原位十字板剪切试验等。3确定地基承载力的方法有那些答1按土的强度理论确定地基承载力（普朗特极限承载力公式、太沙基极限承载力公式、魏锡克极限承载力公式）2规范查表方法（根据野外坚定结果或土的物理性质指标查表确定）。3静载荷试验及其它原位测试方法（标准贯入试验、静力触探试验，轻便触探试4直剪破坏试验全过程曲线可分几段各区段的特点是什么岩石直剪破坏试验全过程曲线如图所示0123456702143NMVMMPA0FFFFF该曲线共分三段。第一段原点P区段，该段近似为一直线即变形为弹性，P为极限强度即裂隙开始发展的强度；第二段PF区段，F为峰值强度，该段内裂隙发展至破坏；第三段FO区段。O为剪断面上的摩擦力剩余强度5什么叫滑坡滑坡滑动面的形式有几种当岩坡受力过大或岩石强度过低，一部分岩体向下或向外滑动叫滑坡，滑波滑动面有三种软弱结构面；结构面；在岩体中。六、计算题（每题10分，共40分）1某试样，在天然状态下的体积为140CM3，质量为240G，烘干后的质量重为190G，设土粒比重为267，试求该试样的天然容重、含水量、孔隙比、饱和度。解（1）试样的天然容重GVM32MKG1067108942（2）含水量26190SW（3）孔隙比9720167832GEW（4）饱和度47290632ESS2有一8M厚的饱和粘土层，上下两面均可排水，现从粘土层中心处取得2CM厚的试样做固结试验（试样上下均有透水石）。试样在某级压力下达到60的固结度需要8分钟，则该粘土层在同样的固结压力作用下达到60的固结度需要多少时间若该粘土层单面排水，所需时间为多少（12分）解由于原位土层和试样土的固结度相等，且值相等，因而21VT又土的性质相同，21VC（如改单面，其达到60固结度时间为722122110808HTTHT3T由，31VT31VC则7132110254TTHT3埋深200M处的岩体内开挖一硐径为2A2M圆形断面隧道，如果岩体中初始地应力为静水压力式，并且上覆岩层的平均容重为G/CM3，若隧道周岩的抗剪强度指标MPA，试用莫尔库仑强度条7240C30件评价其硐壁的稳定性。解ZZYXK0洞壁12Z30不稳定CT31SI4某圆形洞室围岩25千牛/米3，埋置深度H160米，洞的半径米。设折减后的凝聚力MPA，70R02C，求松动压力。31系数K1曲线系数K2曲线解MPA，4160250HP，则由查图627和图628的曲线得4C3，7901K642所以MPA请您删除一下内容，O_O谢谢2016年中56479201KRA央电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄BASKETBALLCANMAKEATRUECLAIMTOBEINGTHEONLYMAJORSPORTTHATISANAMERICANINVENTIONFROMHIGHSCHOOLTOTHEPROFESSIONALLEVEL,BASKETBALLATTRACTSALARGEFOLLOWINGFORLIVEGAMESASWELLASTELEVISIONCOVERAGEOFEVENTSLIKETHENATIONALCOLLEGIATEATHLETICASSOCIATIONNCAAANNUALTOURNAMENTANDTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBAANDWOMENSNATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONWNBAPLAYOFFSANDITHASALSOMADEAMERICANHEROESOUTOFITSPLAYERANDCOACHLEGENDSLIKEMICHAELJORDAN,LARRYBIRD,EARVIN“MAGIC“JOHNSON,SHERYLSWOOPES,ANDOTHERGREATPLAYERSATTHEHEARTOFTHEGAMEISTHEPLAYINGSPACEANDTHEEQUIPMENTTHESPACEISARECTANGULAR,INDOORCOURTTHEPRINCIPALPIECESOFEQUIPMENTARETHETWOELEVATEDBASKETS,ONEATEACHENDINTHELONGDIRECTIONOFTHECOURT,ANDTHEBASKETBALLITSELFTHEBALLISSPHERICALINSHAPEANDISINFLATEDBASKETBALLSRANGEINSIZEFROM28530IN7276CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ANDINWEIGHTFROM1822OZ510624GFORPLAYERSBELOWTHEHIGHSCHOOLLEVEL,ASMALLERBALLISUSED,BUTTHEBALLINMENSGAMESMEASURES29530IN7576CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ANDAWOMENSBALLIS28529IN7274CMINCIRCUMFERENCETHECOVERINGOFTHEBALLISLEATHER,RUBBER,COMPOSITION,ORSYNTHETIC,ALTHOUGHLEATHERCOVERSONLYAREDICTATEDBYRULESFORCOLLEGEPLAY,UNLESSTHETEAMSAGREEOTHERWISEORANGEISTHEREGULATIONCOLORATALLLEVELSOFPLAY,THEHOMETEAMPROVIDESTHEBALLINFLATIONOFTHEBALLISBASEDONTHEHEIGHTOFTHEBALLSBOUNCEINSIDETHECOVERINGORCASING,ARUBBERBLADDERHOLDSAIRTHEBALLMUSTBEINFLATEDTOAPRESSURESUFFICIENTTOMAKEITREBOUNDTOAHEIGHTMEASUREDTOTHETOPOFTHEBALLOF4954IN1214MWHENITISDROPPEDONASOLIDWOODENFLOORFROMASTARTINGHEIGHTOF6FT180MMEASUREDFROMTHEBOTTOMOFTHEBALLTHEFACTORYMUSTTESTTHEBALLS,ANDTHEAIRPRESSURETHATMAKESTHEBALLLEGALINKEEPINGWITHTHEBOUNCETESTISSTAMPEDONTHEBALLDURINGTHEINTENSITYOFHIGHSCHOOLANDCOLLEGETOURNEYSANDTHEPROFESSIONALPLAYOFFS,THISINFLATEDSPHERECOMMANDSCONSIDERABLEATTENTIONBASKETBALLISONEOFFEWSPORTSWITHAKNOWNDATEOFBIRTHONDECEMBER1,1891,INSPRINGFIELD,MASSACHUSETTS,JAMESNAISMITHHUNGTWOHALFBUSHELPEACHBASKETSATTHEOPPOSITEENDSOFAGYMNASIUMANDOUTLINED13RULESBASEDONFIVEPRINCIPLESTOHISSTUDENTSATTHEINTERNATIONALTRAININGSCHOOLOFTHEYOUNGMENSCHRISTIANASSOCIATIONYMCA,WHICHLATERBECAMESPRINGFIELDCOLLEGENAISMITH18611939WASAPHYSICALEDUCATIONTEACHERWHOWASSEEKINGATEAMSPORTWITHLIMITEDPHYSICALCONTACTBUTALOTOFRUNNING,JUMPING,SHOOTING,ANDTHEHANDEYECOORDINATIONREQUIREDINHANDLINGABALLTHEPEACHBASKETSHEHUNGASGOALSGAVETHESPORTTHENAMEOFBASKETBALLHISSTUDENTSWEREEXCITEDABOUTTHEGAME,ANDCHRISTMASVACATIONGAVETHEMTHECHANCETOTELLTHEIRFRIENDSANDPEOPLEATTHEIRLOCALYMCASABOUTTHEGAMETHEASSOCIATIONLEADERSWROTETONAISMITHASKINGFORCOPIESOFTHERULES,ANDTHEYWEREPUBLISHEDINTHETRIANGLE,THESCHOOLNEWSPAPER,ONJANUARY15,1892NAISMITHSFIVEBASICPRINCIPLESCENTERONTHEBALL,WHICHWASDESCRIBEDAS“LARGE,LIGHT,ANDHANDLEDWITHTHEHANDS“PLAYERSCOULDNOTMOVETHEBALLBYRUNNINGALONE,ANDNONEOFTHEPLAYERSWASRESTRICTEDAGAINSTHANDLINGTHEBALLTHEPLAYINGAREAWASALSOOPENTOALLPLAYERS,BUTTHEREWASTOBENOPHYSICALCONTACTBETWEENPLAYERSTHEBALLWASTHEOBJECTIVETOSCORE,THEBALLHADTOBESHOTTHROUGHAHORIZONTAL,ELEVATEDGOALTHETEAMWITHTHEMOSTPOINTSATTHEENDOFANALLOTTEDTIMEPERIODWINSEARLYINTHEHISTORYOFBASKETBALL,THELOCALYMCASPROVIDEDTHEGYMNASIUMS,ANDMEMBERSHIPINTHEORGANIZATIONGREWRAPIDLYTHESIZEOFTHELOCALGYMDICTATEDTHENUMBEROFPLAYERSSMALLERGYMSUSEDFIVEPLAYERSONASIDE,ANDTHELARGERGYMSALLOWEDSEVENTONINETHETEAMSIZEBECAMEGENERALLYESTABLISHEDASFIVEIN1895,AND,IN1897,THISWASMADEFORMALINTHERULESTHEYMCALOSTINTERESTINSUPPORTINGTHEGAMEBECAUSE1020BASKETBALLPLAYERSMONOPOLIZEDAGYMNASIUMPREVIOUSLYUSEDBYMANYMOREINAVARIETYOFACTIVITIESYMCAMEMBERSHIPDROPPED,ANDBASKETBALLENTHUSIASTSPLAYEDINLOCALHALLSTHISLEDTOTHEBUILDINGOFBASKETBALLGYMNASIUMSATSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGESANDALSOTOTHEFORMATIONOFPROFESSIONALLEAGUESALTHOUGHBASKETBALLWASBORNINTHEUNITEDSTATES,FIVEOFNAISMITHSORIGINALPLAYERSWERECANADIANS,ANDTHEGAMESPREADTOCANADAIMMEDIATELYITWASPLAYEDINFRANCEBY1893ENGLANDIN1894AUSTRALIA,CHINA,ANDINDIABETWEEN1895AND1900ANDJAPANIN1900FROM1891THROUGH1893,ASOCCERBALLWASUSEDTOPLAYBASKETBALLTHEFIRSTBASKETBALLWASMANUFACTUREDIN1894ITWAS32IN81CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ORABOUT4IN10CMLARGERTHANASOCCERBALLTHEDEDICATEDBASKETBALLWASMADEOFLACEDLEATHERANDWEIGHEDLESSTHAN20OZ567GTHEFIRSTMOLDEDBALLTHATELIMINATEDTHENEEDFORLACESWASINTRODUCEDIN1948ITSCONSTRUCTIONANDSIZEOF30IN76CMWERERULEDOFFICIALIN1949THERULESETTERSCAMEFROMSEVERALGROUPSEARLYINTHE1900SCOLLEGESANDUNIVERSITIESESTABLISHEDTHEIRRULESCOMMITTEESIN1905,THEYMCAANDTHEAMATEURATHLETICUNIONAAUCREATEDASETOFRULESJOINTLY,STATEMILITIAGROUPSABIDEDBYASHAREDSETOFRULES,ANDTHEREWERETWOPROFESSIONALSETSOFRULESAJOINTRULESCOMMITTEEFORCOLLEGES,THEAAU,ANDTHEYMCAWASCREATEDIN1915,AND,UNDERTHENAMETHENATIONALBASKETBALLCOMMITTEENBCMADERULESFORAMATEURPLAYUNTIL1979INTHATYEAR,THENATIONALFEDERATIONOFSTATEHIGHSCHOOLASSOCIATIONSBEGANGOVERNINGTHESPORTATTHEHIGHSCHOOLLEVEL,ANDTHENCAARULESCOMMITTEEASSUMEDRULEMAKINGRESPONSIBILITIESFORJUNIORCOLLEGES,COLLEGES,ANDTHEARMEDFORCES,WITHASIMILARCOMMITTEEHOLDINGJURISDICTIONOVERWOMENSBASKETBALLUNTILWORLDWARII,BASKETBALLBECAMEINCREASINGLYPOPULARINTHEUNITEDSTATESESPECIALLYATTHEHIGHSCHOOLANDCOLLEGELEVELSAFTERWORLDWARII,ITSPOPULARITYGREWAROUNDTHEWORLDINTHE1980S,INTERESTINTHEGAMETRULYEXPLODEDBECAUSEOFTELEVISIONEXPOSUREBROADCASTOFTHENCAACHAMPIONSHIPGAMESBEGANIN1963,AND,BYTHE1980S,CABLETELEVISIONWASCARRYINGREGULARSEASONCOLLEGEGAMESANDEVENHIGHSCHOOLCHAMPIONSHIPSINSOMESTATESPLAYERSLIKEBILLRUSSELL,WILTCHAMBERLAIN,ANDLEWALCINDORKAREEMABDULJABBARBECAMENATIONALLYFAMOUSATTHECOLLEGELEVELANDCARRIEDTHEIRFANSALONGINTHEIRPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLCAREERSTHEWOMENSGAMECHANGEDRADICALLYIN1971WHENSEPARATERULESFORWOMENWEREMODIFIEDTOMORECLOSELYRESEMBLETHEMENSGAMETELEVISIONINTERESTFOLLOWEDTHEWOMENASWELLWITHBROADCASTOFNCAACHAMPIONSHIPTOURNEYSBEGINNINGINTHEEARLY1980SANDTHEFORMATIONOFTHEWNBAIN1997INTERNATIONALLY,ITALYHASPROBABLYBECOMETHELEADINGBASKETBALLNATIONOUTSIDEOFTHEUNITEDSTATES,WITHNATIONAL,CORPORATE,ANDPROFESSIONALTEAMSTHEOLYMPICSBOOSTSBASKETBALLINTERNATIONALLYANDHASALSOSPURREDTHEWOMENSGAMEBYRECOGNIZINGITASANOLYMPICEVENTIN1976AGAIN,TELEVISIONCOVERAGEOFTHEOLYMPICSHASBEENEXCEPTIONALLYIMPORTANTINDRAWINGATTENTIONTOINTERNATIONALTEAMSTHEFIRSTPROFESSIONALMENSBASKETBALLLEAGUEINTHEUNITEDSTATESWASTHENATIONALBASKETBALLLEAGUENBL,WHICHDEBUTEDIN1898PLAYERSWEREPAIDONAPERGAMEBASIS,ANDTHISLEAGUEANDOTHERSWEREHURTBYTHEPOORQUALITYOFGAMESANDTHEEVERCHANGINGPLAYERSONATEAMAFTERTHEGREATDEPRESSION,ANEWNBLWASORGANIZEDIN1937,ANDTHEBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONOFAMERICAWASORGANIZEDIN1946THETWOLEAGUESCAMETOAGREETHATPLAYERSHADTOBEASSIGNEDTOTEAMSONACONTRACTBASISANDTHATHIGHSTANDARDSHADTOGOVERNTHEGAMEUNDERTHESEPREMISES,THETWOJOINEDTOFORMTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBAIN1949ARIVALAMERICANBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONABAWASINAUGURATEDIN1967ANDCHALLENGEDTHENBAFORCOLLEGETALENTANDMARKETSHAREFORALMOSTTENYEARSIN1976,THISLEAGUEDISBANDED,BUTFOUROFITSTEAMSREMAINEDASNBATEAMSUNIFICATIONCAMEJUSTINTIMEFORMAJORTELEVISIONSUPPORTSEVERALWOMENSPROFESSIONALLEAGUESWEREATTEMPTEDANDFAILED,INCLUDINGTHEWOMENSPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLLEAGUEWBLANDTHEWOMENSWORLDBASKETBALLASSOCIATION,BEFORETHEWNBADEBUTEDIN1997WITHTHESUPPORTOFTHENBAJAMESNAISMITH,ORIGINALLYFROMALMONTE,ONTARIO,INVENTEDBASKETBALLATTHEINTERNATIONALYMCATRAININGSCHOOLINSPRINGFIELD,MASSACHUSETTS,IN1891THEGAMEWASFIRSTPLAYEDWITHPEACHBASKETSHENCETHENAMEANDASOCCERBALLANDWASINTENDEDTOPROVIDEINDOOREXERCISEFORFOOTBALLPLAYERSASARESULT,ITWASORIGINALLYAROUGHSPORTALTHOUGHTENOFNAISMITHSORIGINALTHIRTEENRULESREMAIN,THEGAMESOONCHANGEDCONSIDERABLY,ANDTHEFOUNDERHADLITTLETODOWITHITSEVOLUTIONTHEFIRSTINTERCOLLEGIATEGAMEWASPLAYEDINMINNESOTAIN1895,WITHNINEPLAYERSTOASIDEANDAFINALSCOREOFNINETOTHREEAYEARLATER,THEFIRSTFIVEMANTEAMSPLAYEDATTHEUNIVERSITYOFCHICAGOBASKETSWERENOWCONSTRUCTEDOFTWINENETSBUTITWASNOTUNTIL1906THATTHEBOTTOMOFTHENETSWEREOPENIN1897,THEDRIBBLEWASFIRSTUSED,FIELDGOALSBECAMETWOPOINTS,FOULSHOTSONEPOINT,ANDTHEFIRSTPROFESSIONALGAMEWASPLAYEDAYEARLATER,THEFIRSTPROFESSIONALLEAGUEWASSTARTED,INTHEEAST,WHILEIN1900,THEFIRSTINTERCOLLEGIATELEAGUEBEGANIN1910,INORDERTOLIMITROUGHPLAY,ITWASAGREEDTHATFOURFOULSWOULDDISQUALIFYPLAYERS,ANDGLASSBACKBOARDSWEREUSEDFORTHEFIRSTTIMENONETHELESS,MANYRULESSTILLDIFFERED,DEPENDINGUPONWHERETHEGAMESWEREPLAYEDANDWHETHERPROFESSIONALS,COLLEGIANS,ORYMCAPLAYERSWEREINVOLVEDCOLLEGEBASKETBALLWASPLAYEDFROMTEXASTOWISCONSINANDTHROUGHOUTTHEEASTTHROUGHTHE1920S,BUTMOSTTEAMSPLAYEDONLYINTHEIROWNREGIONS,WHICHPREVENTEDANATIONALGAMEORAUDIENCEFROMDEVELOPINGPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLWASPLAYEDALMOSTEXCLUSIVELYINTHEEASTBEFORETHE1920S,EXCEPTWHENATEAMWOULD“BARNSTORM“INTOTHEMIDWESTTOPLAYLOCALTEAMS,OFTENAFTERALEAGUEHADFOLDEDBEFORETHE1930SVERYFEWGAMES,EITHERPROFESSIONALORAMATEUR,WEREPLAYEDINFACILITIESSUITABLEFORBASKETBALLORWITHAPERFECTLYROUNDBALLSOMEWEREPLAYEDINARENASWITHCHICKENWIRESEPARATINGTHEPLAYERSFROMFANS,THUSTHEWORD“CAGERS,“OTHERSWITHPOSTSINTHEMIDDLEOFTHEFLOORANDOFTENWITHBALCONIESOVERHANGINGTHECORNERS,LIMITINGTHEAREASFROMWHICHSHOTSCOULDBETAKENUNTILTHELATE1930S,ALLPLAYERSUSEDTHETWOHANDSETSHOT,ANDSCORESREMAINEDLOWBASKETBALLINTHE1920SAND1930SBECAMEBOTHMOREORGANIZEDANDMOREPOPULAR,ALTHOUGHITSTILLLAGGEDFARBEHINDBOTHBASEBALLANDCOLLEGEFOOTBALLINTHEPROS,FIVEURBAN,ETHNICTEAMSEXCELLEDANDPLAYEDWITHALMOSTNOCOLLEGEGRADUATESTHEYWERETHENEWYORKORIGINALCELTICSTHECLEVELANDROSENBLUMS,OWNEDBYMAXROSENBLUMEDDIEGOTTLIEBSPHILADELPHIASPHASSOUTHPHILADELPHIAHEBREWASSOCIATIONANDTWOGREATBLACKTEAMS,THENEWYORKRENAISSANCEFIVEANDABESAPERSTEINSHARLEMGLOBETROTTERS,WHICHWASACTUALLYFROMCHICAGOWHILETHESETEAMSHADSOMENOTABLEPLAYERS,NOSUPERSTARS,SUCHASBABERUTH,JACKDEMPSEY,ORREDGRANGE,EMERGEDTOCAPTURETHEPUBLICSATTENTIONASTHEYDIDINOTHERSPORTSOFTHEPERIODTHESAMEWASTRUEINCOLLEGEBASKETBALLUPUNTILTHELATE1930S,WITHCOACHESDOMINATINGTHEGAMEANDITSDEVELOPMENTWALTER“DOC“MEANWELLATWISCONSIN,FORREST“PHOG“ALLENATKANSAS,WARD“PIGGY“LAMBERTATPURDUE,ANDHENRY“DOC“CARLSONATPITTSBURGHALLMADESIGNIFICANTCONTRIBUTIONSTOTHEGAMESDEVELOPMENTZONEDEFENSES,THEWEAVE,THEPASSINGGAME,ANDTHEFASTBREAKINTHEDECADEPRECEDINGWORLDWARII,FIVEEVENTSCHANGEDCOLLEGEBASKETBALLANDALLOWEDITTOBECOMEAMAJORSPECTATORSPORTIN1929,THERULESCOMMITTEEREVERSEDADECISIONTHATWOULDHAVEOUTLAWEDDRIBBLINGANDSLOWEDTHEGAMECONSIDERABLYFIVEYEARSLATER,PROMOTEREDWARD“NED“IRISHSTAGEDTHEFIRSTINTERSECTIONALTWINBILLINMADISONSQUAREGARDENINNEWYORKCITYANDATTRACTEDMORETHAN16,000FANSHEDEMONSTRATEDTHEAPPEALOFMAJORCOLLEGEBALLANDMADENEWYORKITSCENTERINDECEMBER1936,HANKLUISETTIOFSTANFORDREVEALEDTHEVIRTUESOFTHEONEHANDEDSHOTTOANAMAZEDGARDENAUDIENCEANDBECAMETHEFIRSTMAJORCOLLEGIATESTARSOONTHEREAFTER,LUISETTISCOREDANINCREDIBLEFIFTYPOINTSAGAINSTDUQUESNE,THUSENDINGTHEEASTSDEVOTIONTOTHESETSHOTANDENCOURAGINGAMOREOPENGAMEINCONSECUTIVEYEARSTHECENTERJUMPWASELIMINATEDAFTERFREETHROWSANDTHENAFTERFIELDGOALS,THUSSPEEDINGUPTHEGAMEANDALLOWINGFORMORESCORINGIN1938,IRISHCREATEDTHENATIONALINVITATIONTOURNAMENTNITINTHEGARDENTODETERMINEANATIONALCHAMPIONALTHOUGHPOSTSEASONTOURNAMENTSHADOCCURREDBEFORE,THENITWASTHEFIRSTWITHMAJORCOLLEGESFROMDIFFERENTREGIONSANDPROVEDTOBEAGREATFINANCIALSUCCESSTHENATIONALCOLLEGIATEATHLETICASSOCIATIONNCAACREATEDITSOWNPOSTSEASONTOURNAMENTIN1939BUTDIDNOTRIVALTHENITINPRESTIGEFORSOMETIMETHE1940SSAWSIGNIFICANTCHANGESFORCOLLEGEBASKETBALLPLAYERSBEGANUSINGTHEJUMPSHOTAFTERKENNYSAILORSOFWYOMINGWOWEDTHEEASTWITHITIN1943THEBEHINDTHEBACKDRIBBLEANDPASSALSOAPPEARED,ASDIDEXCEPTIONALBIGMENBOBKURLANDATOKLAHOMAAMWASALMOSTSEVENFEETTALLANDGEORGEMIKANATDEPAULWASSIXFEETTENINCHESWHILEKURLANDHADPERHAPSTHEBETTERCOLLEGECAREERANDPLAYEDINTWOOLYMPICS,HECHOSENOTTOPLAYPROFESSIONALBALL,WHEREASMIKANBECAMETHEFIRSTDOMINANTSTARINTHEPROSTHEIRDEFENSIVEPLAYINSPIREDTHERULEAGAINSTGOALTENDINGBLOCKINGASHOTONITSDOWNWARDFLIGHTADOLPHRUPP,WHOPLAYEDUNDERPHOGALLEN,ALSOCOACHEDTHEFIRSTOFHISMANYTALENTEDTEAMSATKENTUCKYINTHATDECADEHOWEVER,IN1951,RUPPANDSIXOTHERCOACHESSUFFEREDTHROUGHAPOINTSHAVINGSCANDALTHATINVOLVEDTHIRTYTWOPLAYERSATSEVENCOLLEGESANDSERIOUSLYINJUREDCOLLEGEBASKETBALL,PARTICULARLYINNEWYORK,WHEREFOUROFTHESEVENSCHOOLSWERELOCATEDWHILETHEGAMESURVIVED,THENCAAMOVEDITSTOURNAMENTAWAYFROMMADISONSQUAREGARDENTODIFFERENTCITIESEACHYEARANDTHENITSPRESTIGEBEGANTODECLINEPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLREMAINEDADISORGANIZEDANDSTODGYSPORTUPUNTILTHELATE1940S,WITHBARNSTORMINGSTILLCENTRALTOTHEGAMEANDMOSTPLAYERSSTILLUSINGTHESETSHOTIN1946,HOWEVER,HOCKEYOWNERS,LEDBYMAURICEPODOLOFF,CREATEDTHEBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONOFAMERICABAAINTHEEASTTOFILLTHEIRARENAS,BUTFEWFANSCAME,EVENAFTERJOEFULKSOFPHILADELPHIAINTRODUCEDTHEJUMPSHOTTHEBAASRIVAL,THENATIONALBASKETBALLLEAGUE,HADEXISTEDSINCETHE1930S,HADBETTERPLAYERS,LIKEMIKANOFTHEMINNEAPOLISLAKERS,BOBDAVIESOFTHEROCHESTERROYALS,ANDDOLPHSHAYESOFTHESYRACUSENATIONALS,BUTOPERATEDINMUCHWORSEFACILITIESANDDIDNOTDOMUCHBETTERATATTRACTINGAUDIENCESIN1948,PODOLOFFLUREDTHELAKERS,ROYALS,ANDTWOOTHERTEAMSTOTHEBAAANDPROPOSEDAMERGEROFTHETWOLEAGUESFORTHE19491950SEASONTHERESULTWASTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBA,WITHPODOLOFFITSFIRSTCOMMISSIONERTHESEVENTEENTEAMLEAGUESTRUGGLEDATFIRSTBUTSOONREDUCEDITSSIZEANDGAINEDSTABILITY,INLARGEPARTBECAUSEOFMIKANSAPPEALANDPODOLOFFSSKILLSDESPITETHEPOINTSHAVINGSCANDAL,COLLEGEBALLTHRIVEDINTHE1950S,LARGELYBECAUSEITHADPROLIFICSCORERSANDMOREGREATPLAYERSTHANINANYPREVIOUSDECADEFRANKSELVYOFFURMANANDPAULARIZINOFVILLANOVABOTHAVERAGEDOVERFORTYPOINTSEARLYINTHEDECADE,WHILECLARENCE“BEVO“FRANCISOFTINYRIOGRANDECOLLEGEINOHIOAMAZEDFANSBYSCORING116POINTSINONEGAMEWHILEAVERAGING50PERGAMEFORASEASONTHEDECADEALSOWITNESSEDSOMEOFTHEMOSTTALENTEDANDCOMPLETEPLAYERSEVERTO